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Two-dimensional MXenes for lithium-sulfur batteries

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InfoMat 2020年第4期2卷 613-638页

作者： Chuanfang(John)Zhang Linfan Cui Sina Abdolhosseinzadeh jakob Heier Laboratory for Functional Polymers EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDubendorfSwitzerland Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering Aalto UniversityAaltoFinland Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland

Rechargeable lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries have attracted significant research attention due to their high capacity and energy ***,their commercial applications are still hindered by challenges such as the shuttle effect of soluble lithium sulfide species,the insulating nature of sulfur,and the fast capacity decay of the *** efforts are devoted to address these problems through questing more conductive hosts with abundant polysulfide chemisorption sites,as well as modifying the separators to physically/chemically retard the polysulfides *** dimensional transition metal carbides,carbonitrides and nitrides,so-called MXenes,are ideal for confining the polysulfides shuttling effects due to their high conductivity,layered structure as well as rich surface *** such,MXenes have thus been widely studied in Li-S batteries,focusing on the conductive sulfur hosts,polysulfides interfaces,and ***,in this review,we summarize the significant progresses regarding the design of multifunctional MXene-based Li-S batteries and discuss the solutions for improving electrochemical performances in *** addition,challenges and perspectives of MXenes for Li-S batteries are also outlined.

关键词： flexible electronics Li-S battery MXene polysulfides shuttling two dimensional materials

MicroRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease-pathogenesis,diagnostics and therapeutics

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第34期18卷 4629-4634页

作者： Mehmet Coskun Jacob Tveiten Bjerrum jakob Benedict Seidelin Ole Haagen Nielsen Department of Gastroenterology Medical Section 54 O3University of CopenhagenHerlev HospitalDK-2730 HerlevDenmark Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine the Panum InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenDK-2200 Copenhagen NDenmark Department of Internal Medicine I University of CopenhagenBispebjerg HospitalDK-2400 Copenhagen NVDenmark

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is complex and largely unknown. Until recently, research has focused on the study of protein regulators in inflammation to reveal the cellular and molecular networks in the pathogenesis of IBD. However, in the last few years, new and promising insights have been generated from studies describing an association between an altered expression of a specific class of non-coding RNAs, called microRNAs (miRs or miRNAs) and IBD. The short (approximately 22 nucleotides), endogenous, single-stranded RNAs are evolutionary conserved inanimals and plants, and regulate specific target mRNAs at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs are involved in several biological processes, including development, cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Furthermore, it is estimated that miRNAs may be responsible for regulating the expression of nearly one-third of the genes in the human genome. Thus, miRNA deregulation often results in an impaired cellular function, and a disturbance of downstream gene regulation and signaling cascades, suggesting their implication in disease etiology. Despite the identification of more than 1900 mature human miRNAs, very little is known about their biological functions and functional targets. Recent studies have identified dysregulated miRNAs in tissue samples of IBD patients and have demonstrated similar differences in circulating miRNAs in the serum of IBD patients. Thus, there is great promise that miRNAs will aid in the early diagnosis of IBD, and in the development of personalized therapies. Here, we provide a short review of the current state-of-the-art of miRNAs in IBD pathogenesis, diagnostics and therapeutics.

关键词： Biomarker Crohn's disease Diagnostics In-flammatory bowel disease MicroRNA Therapeutics Ulcer-ative colitis

Colorectal carcinogenesis-update and perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第48期20卷 18151-18164页

作者： Hans Raskov Hans-Christian Pommergaard jakob Burcharth Jacob Rosenberg Speciall?gecentret ved Diakonissestiftelsen 2000 Frederiksberg Denmark Department of Surgery Herlev Hospital University of Copenhagen DK-2730 Herlev Denmark

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a very common malignancy in the Western World and despite advances in surgery,chemotherapy and screening,it is still the second leading cause of cancer deaths in this part of the *** factors are found important in the development of CRC including colonocyte metbolism,high risk luminal environment,inflammation,as well as lifestyle factors such as diet,tobacco,and alchohol *** recent years focus has turned towards the genetics and molecular biology of CRC and several interesting and promising correlations and pathways have been *** major genetic pathways of CRC are the Chromosome Instability Pathway representing the pathway of sporadic CRC through the K-ras,APC,and P53 mutations,and the Microsatellite Instability Pathway representing the pathway of he re di t ar y non-polyposis c olon c anc e r t hrough mutations in mismatch repair *** identify early cancers,screening programs have been initiated,and the leading strategy has been the use of faecal occult blood testing followed by colonoscopy in positive *** the treatment of colorectal cancer,significant advances have been made in the recent *** molecular targets of CRC include at least two important cell surface receptors:the epidermal growth factorreceptor and the vascular endothelial growth factor *** genetic and molecular knowledge of CRC has widen the scientific and clinical perspectives of diagnosing and ***,despite significant advances in the understanding and treatment of CRC,results from targeted therapy are still not *** studies will determine the role for this new treatment modality.

关键词： Colorectal carcinogenesis Risk factors Microbiology Genetics Diet Microbiome Inflammation

Argon preconditioning protects neuronal cells with a Toll-like receptor-mediated effect

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1371-1377页

作者： Stefanie Scheid Adrien Lejarre jakob Wollborn Hartmut Buerkle Ulrich Goebel Felix Ulbrich Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medical Center-University of FreiburgFaculty of MedicineFreiburgGermany Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine St.Franziskus-HospitalMuensterGermany

The noble gas argon has the potential to protect neuronal cells from cell *** far,this effect has been studied in treatment after acute *** using argon has not yet been *** this study,human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were treated with different concentrations of argon(25%,50%,and 74%;21%O_(2),5%CO_(2),balance nitrogen)at different time intervals before inflicting damage with rotenone(20μM,4 hours).Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry after annexin V and propidium iodide *** expressions of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 were also *** were also processed for analysis by western blot and qPCR to determine the expression of apoptotic and inflammatory proteins,such as extracellular-signal regulated kinase(ERK1/2),nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB),protein kinase B(Akt),caspase-3,Bax,Bcl-2,interleukin-8,and heat shock *** staining was performed for TLR2 and 4 and *** were also pretreated with OxPAPC,an antagonist of TLR2 and 4 to elucidate the molecular *** showed that argon preconditioning before rotenone application caused a dose-dependent but not a time-dependent reduction in the number of apoptotic *** with 74%argon for 2 hours was used for further experiments showing the most promising *** decreased the surface expression of TLR2 and 4,whereas OxPAPC treatment partially abolished the protective effect of *** increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 but decreased NF-κB and *** inhibited mitochondrial apoptosis and the heat shock *** also suppressed the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine *** confirmed the alteration of TLRs and *** reversed the argon effect on ERK1/2,Bax,Bcl-2,caspase-3,and interleukin-8 expression,but not on NF-κB and the heat shock *** together,argon preconditioning protects against apoptosis of neuronal c

关键词： apoptosis inflammation interleukin-8 neuroprotection rotenone SH-SY5Y Toll-like receptor 2 Toll-like receptor 4

Multi-objective optimization of methane production system from biomass through anaerobic digestion

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第10期26卷 2084-2092页

作者： Weijun Li jakob Kj?bsted Huusom Zhimao Zhou Yi Nie Yajing Xu Xiangping Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering Technical University of Denmark

This work addressed the multi-objective optimization of a biogas production system considering both environmental and economic criteria. A mixed integer non-linear programming(MINLP) model was established and solved with non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ, from which the Pareto fronts, the optimal technology combinations and operation conditions were obtained and analyzed. It's found that the system is feasible in both environmental and economic considerations after optimization. The most expensive processing section is decarbonization; the most expensive equipment is anaerobic digester; the most power-consuming processing section is digestion, followed by decarbonization and waste management. The positive green degree value on the process is attributed to processing section of digestion and waste management. 3:1 chicken feces and corn straw, solar energy, pressure swing adsorption and 3:1 chicken feces and rice straw, solar energy, pressure swing adsorption are turned out to be two robust technology combinations under different prices of methane and electricity by sensitivity analysis. The optimization results provide support for optimal design and operation of biogas production system considering environmental and economic objectives.

关键词： Biogas production system MINLP Multi-objective optimization Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ Green degree value

ANTIOXIDANT DEPLETION AND OIT VALUES OF HIGH IMPACT PP STRANDS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2009年第3期27卷 435-445页

作者： Werner W.Müller Ines jakob Chunshan Li Renate Tatzky-Gerth Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing(BAM) D-12200 BerlinGermany

The service life of a polyolefin product depends to large extent on the type and amount of the antioxidants added. During the manufacturing,storage and use of the product the antioxidants are depleted by physical processes and chemical degradation,and this impairs its long-term *** initial and in-use oxidation stability is often characterized and monitored by the measurement of the oxidative induction time(OIT),and service life predictions are based on the rate of decrease of the OIT *** study the correlation between the OIT value and the actual antioxidant concentration,eight random arrays of high-impact polypropylene(PP)strands stabilized using six different antioxidant packages(composed of Irgafos 168,Irganox 1010 and 1330,Chimassorb 944)were immersed in hot water(80℃and 90℃)and oven aged in air (80℃)for more than two years,and the change of OIT values and antioxidant concentrations was *** phosphitic and phenolic stabilizers water immersion is generally a more critical aging condition than oven aging in air,while for the hindered amine stabilizers(HAS)the opposite was *** expected,a linear correlation between OIT values and concentrations was found for the'classical'package of phosphitic and phenolic *** the case of Irganox 1330,the change of the OIT values during aging was considerably slower than the change of *** when zero concentration was reached according to the vanishing peak height in the chromatogram,a considerable OIT value was still *** may be due to unidentified degradation products of Irganox 1330 which still act as antioxidants in the long *** of HAS(Chimassorb 944)seems to enhance the initial OIT of stabilized phenolic samples and the long-term effectiveness of the phenolic stabilization under air oven aging ***,the marked long-term effectiveness of the HAS itself and the slow change with time of the concentration were not detectable by OIT measurements

关键词： Polypropylene Stabilizers Oxidative resistance Antioxidant depletion Oxidative induction time

Simulator Coupled with Distributed Co-Simulation Protocol for Automated Driving Tests

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Automotive Innovation 2021年第4期4卷 373-389页

作者： Max-Arno Meyer Lina Sauter Christian Granrath Hassen Hadj-Amor jakob Andert Teaching and Research Area Mechatronics in Mobile Propulsion RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany FEV Software and Testing Solutions SAS TrappesFrance

To meet the challenges in software testing for automated vehicles,such as increasing system complexity and an infinite number of operating scenarios,new simulation methods must be ***-loop simulations for automated driving(AD)require highly complex simulation models for multiple controlled vehicles with their perception systems as well as their surrounding *** the realization of such models,different simulation domains must be coupled with ***,widely supported model integration standards such as functional mock-up interface(FMI)lack native support for distributed platforms,which is a key feature for AD due to the computational intensity and platform exclusivity of certain *** newer FMI companion standard distributed co-simulation protocol(DCP)introduces platform coupling but must still be used in conjunction with AD *** part of an assessment framework for AD,this paper presents a DCP compliant implementation of an interoperable interface between a 3D environment and vehicle simulator and a co-simulation platform.A universal Python wrapper is implemented and connected to the simulator to allow its control as a DCP slave.A C-code-based interface enables the co-simulation platform to act as a DCP master and to realize cross-platform data exchange and time synchronization of the environment simulation with other integrated models.A model-in-the-loop use case is performed with the traffic simulator CARLA running on a Linux machine connected to the co-simulation master xMOD on a Windows computer via *** virtual vehicles are successfully controlled by cooperative adaptive cruise controllers executed outside of *** standard compliance of the implementation is verified by exemplary connection to prototypic DCP solutions from 3rd party *** exemplary application demonstrates the benefits of DCP compliant tool coupling for AD simulation with increased tool interoperability,reuse potential,and per

关键词： Distributed co-simulation protocol Co-simulation Automated driving Traffic simulation Tool coupling

Reduction of Transient Engine-Out NO_(x)-Emissions by Advanced Digital Combustion Rate Shaping

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Automotive Innovation 2020年第2期3卷 181-190页

作者： Daniel Neumann Lukas Schäfers Paul Muthyala jakob Andert Stefan Pischinger Institute for Combustion Engines RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany FEV Consulting GmbH Neuenhofstraße 18152078 AachenGermany

Modern diesel passenger cars already fulfill high demands regarding the reduction in NOx emissions through complex exhaust aftertreatment *** the consideration of real driving emissions,the reduction in NOx emissions in high transient engine operation becomes even more *** from increasing the complexity of exhaust aftertreatment systems,internal engine measures play a major *** approach to reducing NOx emissions described in this paper uses the precise control of the *** this purpose,the method of digital combustion rate shaping control is applied,which allows the realization of a predefined combustion by automatically adapting the injection profile during *** this work,this controller is extended in order to control the predefined combustion trace based on target NOx ***,the working principal of the state-of-the-art digital combusting rate shaping controller is *** the next step,the design and strategy of the extended control approach are explained and ***,its potential to reduce engine-out NOx emissions during transient driving situations is evaluated based on simulations of the *** is shown that the control concept fulfills the requirements and is able to effectively reduce high NOx peaks during transient operation.

关键词： Diesel engine Emission control Combustion rate shaping Closed loop combustion control NO_(x)Control

Capital flows, economic growth and the real effective exchange rate: Evidence from China

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Economic and Political Studies 2023年第1期11卷 123-147页

作者： Xin Tian jakob de Haan Yanping Zhao Faculty of Economics and Business University of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands CESifo MunichGermany School of Economics Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoChina Institute of Marine Economy Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoChina

This paper examines the Granger causal relationship between capital flows and economic growth in China over the period 1998Q1–2019Q2,allowing for real effective exchange rate(REER)*** parameter instability tests indicate structural changes,we use bootstrap rolling window causality tests,which suggest that the causal nexus between capital flows and GDP growth is *** find that the causal links between foreign direct investments(FDIs)and GDP growth are hardly affected by the REER,whereas the REER plays a more important role in affecting the causal connections between portfolio investments and other investments and GDP *** results suggest that cumulative portfolio inflows and cumulative other investment inflows harm GDP growth,whereas cumulative portfolio outflows and cumula-tive other investment outflows positively affect GDP growth.

关键词： Capital flows real effective exchange rate GDP growth rate bootstrap Granger causality test parameter instability test time-varying causality