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Floristic and Structural Analysis of Urban Tree Canopy: From Its Ecology to Its Social Issues

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第11期12卷 1-28页

作者： Richieri Antonio Sartori Ana Paula Balderi Camila Conti Anna Thereza Carcamo Henrique Rajão jakeline prata de assis pires department of Biology Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Copaba Environmental Association Socorro Brazil Institute of Biology Unicamp Campinas Brazil

Currently, urban areas are the largest segment of the world’s population, and they can reach up to 80% of it in some countries. Understanding green areas is of paramount importance to also understand the population’s mental health and well-being, as well as to achieve ecological understanding and its impact on urban infrastructure. Thus, the aim of the present study is to carry out a survey on both urban afforestation structure and on its social impact on a Brazilian municipality. It also sought to understand the damages caused by these species to urban infrastructure in comparison to data collected in 2009, to assess forest coverage in this municipality and tree planting underutilized capacity. Accordingly, all the streets in this municipality’s urban area, the botanical data of each tree and its damage to the city’s infrastructure and phytosanitary conditions were surveyed (from 1 to 5). Data were compared to those from the 2009 census, and social issues were analyzed. In total, 5044 individuals belonging to 189 species were recorded. The most often found species were Lagerstroemia indica and Murraya paniculata. Out of the total number of trees, 458 trees scored at least one score “5” in one of the criteria, and this number represents 8.9% of the total of the trees. L. indica was the species accounting for the highest rates of phytosanitary and infrastructure issues. Data comparison evidenced that urban tree canopy lost 25% of its vegetation between the two measurements taken herein, but the number of species has increased. When it comes to damages, many trees started showing phytosanitary issues or damage to urban infrastructure.

关键词： Urban Ecology Urban Tree Canopy Impact on Urban Infrastructure Socorro-SP Green Coverage

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What is the best biological treatment for rheumatoid arthritis? A systematic review of effectiveness

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World Journal of Rheumatology 2015年第2期5卷 108-126页

作者： Jéssica Barreto dos Santos Juliana de Oliveira Costa Haliton Alves de Oliveira Junior Lívia Lovato pires Lemos Vnia Eloisa de Araújo Marina Amaral de Avila Machado Alessandra Maciel Almeida Francisco de assis Acurcio Juliana Alvares Postgraduate Programme in Medicines and Pharmaceutical assistance College of PharmacyFederal University of Minas GeraisAv.Presidente Antonio Carlos College of Pharmacy Federal University of Minas GeraisAv.Presidente Antonio Carlos department of Social Pharmacy College of PharmacySUS Collaborating Centre-CCATESFederal University of Minas GeraisAv.Presidente Antonio Carlos College of Medicine Federal University of Minas GeraisAv.Prof.Alfredo Balena

AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness of the biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs(b DMARD) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis through a systematic review of observational ***:The studies were searched in the Pub Med,EMBASE,Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and LILACS databases(until August 2014),in the grey literature and conducted a manual *** assessed criteria of effectiveness included the EULAR,the disease activity score(DAS),the Clinical Disease Activity Index,the Simplified Disease Activity Index,the American College of Rheumatology and the Health Assessment *** meta-analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.2 software using a random effects model.A total of 35 studies were included in this ***:The participants anti-tumor necrosis factor inhibitors(TNF) nave,who used adalimumab(P = 0.0002) and etanercept(P = 0.0006) exhibited greater good EULAR response compared to the participants who used *** difference was detected between adalimumab and etanercept(P = 0.05).The participants who used etanercept exhibited greater remission according to DAS28 compared to the participants who used infliximab(P = 0.01).No differences were detected between adalimumab and infliximab(P = 0.12) or etanercept(P = 0.79).Better results were obtained with b DMARD associated with methotrexate than with b DMARD *** good EULAR response and DAS 28 was better for combination with methotrexate than b DMARD monotherapy(P = 0.03 e P < 0.00001).In cases of therapeutic failure,the participants who used rituximab exhibited greater DAS28 reduction compared to those who used anti-TNF agents(P = 0.0002).The participants who used etanercept achieved greater good EULAR response compared to those who did not use that drug(P = 0.007).Studies that assessed reduction of the CDAI score indicated the superiority of abatacept over rituximab(12.4 vs +1.7) and anti-TNF agents(7.6 vs 8.3).The present systematic review with meta-analys

关键词： Systematic review Meta-analysis Effecti-veness Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs Rheumatoid arthritis

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Diagnosis of Boron deficiency in Green Dwarf Coconut Palm

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 164-174页

作者： Leandro Glaydson da Rocha Pinho Pedro Henrique Monnerat Andre assis pires Marta Simone Mendonca Freitas Claudio Roberto Marciano Instituto Federal do Espirito Santo Campus ItapinaColatinaBrazil Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Campos dos GoytacazesBrazil

The diagnosis of boron deficiency in coconut palms has been hampered by lack of information about its distribution in the plant. Two experiments were conducted, one in a greenhouse to induce boron deficiency in dwarf green coconut palms, and other in the field, in which the plants received doses of boric acid, B(OH)3. The objective was to verify symptoms of boron deficiency and boron content variation in canopy, leaves and folioles (or leaflets). Boron deficient plants led leaves and folioles to become deformed. The deficient and sufficient contents of boron varied significantly in the canopy, but did not vary in leaves. The boron content increased significantly from bottom to the apex of the folioles in both treatments. To survey the level of boron in the coconut palm, the ideal is, using samples taken from the youngest leaf, to calculate the relation between the boron content in the apex of the foliole and the content in the center or in the folioles bottom, with minimum values 2.2 or 2.7, respectively.

关键词： Symptoms Leaf Analysis deficiency Induction Boric Acid Samples Cocos nucifera

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Sustainable living neighbourhoods:Measuring public space quality and walking environment in Lisbon

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Geography and Sustainability 2022年第4期3卷 289-298页

作者： Teresa Santos Filipa Ramalhete Rui Pedro Julião Nuno pires Soares Interdisciplinary Centre of Social Sciences(CICS.NOVA) Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities(NOVA FCSH)Universidade NOVA de LisboaAv.de Berna26 CLisboa 1069-061Portugal Studies Centre on Architecture City and Territory(CEACT)Universidade Autónoma de LisboaRua Fernando Assis Pacheco207Lisboa 1350-300Portugal

Obesity and global warming are two major challengesthat affect communities’health and quality of *** good walking environments,with appropriate pedestrian infrastructure,green areas and access to commercial retail and transport hubs favour liveable,healthy,and sustainable *** Lisbon City Hall has implemented an intervention program in the public space as a strategy to improve environmental quality and mitigate the effects of climate *** program“A square in each neighbourhood”intends not only to reinforce the economic base of Lisbon,namely tourism,restaurants,commerce,and creative activities but also to promote physical activity and improve the quality of living of all *** studying the impact of the public space quality on the walking environment,Campolide,a typical Lisbon neighbourhood,Portugal,which includes one of the requalified squares,was selected.A two-step methodology based on spatial modelling is *** the first step,the public space quality was evaluated based on a set of 13 urban quality ***,intended for the street level,were collected from open data platforms and complemented with a field ***,through spatial analysis,these attributes were used to build the Pedestrian Environment Quality Indicator and the Priority Intervention *** these indicators,walking-friendly streets were mapped and the most critical sites that require priority intervention were identified to prepare for the requalification planning *** street with the highest quality in the study area according to the dimensions evaluated-connectivity,convenience,comfort,cleanliness,and conviviality-has a great offer of trees,bus stops,commercial establishments,commercial diversity,crossings,paper bins/eco points and *** the opposite side of the rank,the street with the lowest quality has no trees or green areas,transport stops,benches and tables,or commercial *** urban quality indicators constitu

关键词： Public space Walking environment Spatial modelling Urban quality indicators Geographic Information Systems

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