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Smoking and Serum Lipid Profiles in Schizophrenia

Neuroscience Bulletin 2016年第4期32卷 383-388页

作者： Hui-Mei An Yun-Long Tan Shu-ping Tan Jing Shi Zhi-Ren Wang Fu-de Yang Xu-Feng Huang jair C.Soars Thomas R.Kosten Xiang-Yang Zhang Beijing Hui Long Guan Hospital Peking University Centre for Translational Neuroscience School of MedicineIllawarra Health and Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Wollongong department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Baylor College of Medicine

Schizophrenia is associated with a high preva- lence of cigarette-smoking and abnormal lipid profiles. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the profiles differ between schizophrenic smokers and non-smokers and whether the lipid profiles are related to psychopathological symptoms. Serum lipid profiles were measured in 130 male inpatients with DSM-IV-defined schizophrenia： 104 smokers and 26 non-smokers. Symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS）. Our results showed that positive PANSS symp- toms were fewer in smokers than in non-smokers, while the negative symptoms were fewer in those who smoked more cigarettes. Total protein and globulin levels were significantly lower in the smokers than in the non-smokers. However, there was no significant difference in total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein choles terol （HDL-c）, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, or apolipoprotein B between the smokers and non-smokers. However, the PANSS positive subscale had a significant negative correlation with the HDL-c levels （a protective factor） in the smokers but not in the non-smokers. Our findings suggest that schizophrenic patients who smoke have fewer psychotic symptoms, but contrary to expectation, smoking does not alter lipid profile levels.

关键词： Schizophrenia Nicotine Cigarettesmoking Lipid profiles Symptoms

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Dynapenia in all-cause mortality and its relationship with sedentary behavior in community-dwelling older adults

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第4期4卷 253-259页

作者： Rizia Rocha Silva Lucas Lima Galvão Joilson Meneguci Douglas de Assis Teles Santos jair Sindra Virtuoso Júnior Sheilla Tribess Research Center on Physical Activity Health and AgingDepartment of Sport SciencesInstitute of Health SciencesFederal University of Triângulo MineiroUberabaMinas GeraisBrazil department of Education University do Estado da BahiaTeixeira de FreitasBahiaBrazil

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of dynapenia combined with sedentary behavior(SB)on the risk of mortality in older adults living in a Brazilian community.A total of 322 participants aged60 years from the ELSIA(Longitudinal Study of Elderly Health in Alcobaça)prospective cohort were *** was diagnosed when the handgrip strength wasdering the total time spent sitting during one day in the week and one day on the *** combined with dynapenia,we derived the construction of four groups:best behavior(absence of dynapenia and low SB),intermediate behavior(absence of dynapenia and high SB;presence of dynapenia and low SB)and worst behavior(presence of dynapenia and high SB).Mortality was assessed by the follow-up time until death and/or *** the 5-year follow-up of the study,55 participants progressed to *** the adjusted models,the dynapenia and the time spent exposed to SB were analyzed in a combined way,the older adults with worse behavior(high SB and dynapenia)had higher risk ratios for mortality(hazard ratio 2.46;95%confidence interval 1.01–5.97)than the best behavior *** adults with dynapenia are at greater risk for all-cause mortality,which is aggravated by the addition of longer exposure to SB.

关键词： Mortality Muscle strength Aging Sedentary behavior

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Effects of lime addition on geotechnical properties of sedimentary soil in Curitiba,Brazil

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第1期10卷 188-194页

作者： jair A.Baldovino Eclesielter B.Moreira Wagner Teixeira Ronaldo L.S.Izzo Juliana L.Rose department of Civil Construction Federal University of Technology-Paraná Campus Curitiba

The soil of the Guabirotuba geological formation（Paraná Basin, Brazil） has physico-mechanical properties which are not suitable for its utilization in pavement construction, in protection of hillsides and slopes, or as shallow foundation support. Treatment of this soil by lime addition would improve its usability. The present context intends to determine the ratio between the splitting tensile strength（q;）and the unconfined compressive strength（q;） of clayey soil in the metropolitan region of Curitiba City,which has been treated with different lime contents and curing times. The control parameters evaluated include lime content（L）, curing time（t）, moisture content（w）, and ratio of porosity to volumetric lime content（η/L;）. It was observed that the q;/q;ratio is between 0.17 and 0.2 in relation to the curing time,and an exponential relation exists between them. Meanwhile, the unconfined compressive strength of lime-treated soil was found to be approximately four times the initial value.

关键词： Clayey soil stabilization Soil strength Lime-soil mixture Curing time

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Signal or cue: the role of structural colors in flower pollination

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 467-481页

作者： jair E. Garcia Mani Shrestha Scarlett R. Howard Phred Petersen Adrian G. Dyer School of Media and Communication RMIT University Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia

Angle dependent colors, such as iridescenee, are produced by structures present on flower petals changing their visual appearanee. These colors have been proposed to act as signals for plantinsect communication. However, there is a paucity of behavioral data to allow for interpretations of how to classify these colors either as a signal or a cue when con sidering the n atural con ditions under which pollination occurs. We sampled flowers from 6 plant species across various viewpoints looking for changes in the visual appearanee of the petals. Spectral characteristics were measured with different instruments to simulate both the spectral and spatial characteristics of honeybee's vision. We show the presenee of color patches produced by angle dependent effects on the petals and the calyx of various species;however, the appearance of the angle dependent color patches significantly varies with viewpoint and would only be resolved by the insect eye at close distances. Behavior experiments with honeybees revealed that pollinators did not use angle dependent colors to drive behavior when presented with novel flower presentations. Results show that angle dependent colors do not comply with the requirements of a signal for plant-pollinator communication since the information transmitted by these colors would be unreliable for potential, free-flying pollination vectors. We thus classify angle dependent colors produced by micro- and ultra-structures as being a cue (a feature which has not evolved for communication), and observe no evidence supporting claims of these angle dependent colors having evolved as visual signal.

关键词： approach angle color flower iridescence photography pollination vision

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Essential Oils from <i>Lippia origanoides</i>Kunth. and <i>Mentha spicata</i>L.: Chemical Composition, Insecticidal and Antioxidant Activities

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第9期5卷 1181-1190页

作者： Maria Luisa Teixeira Maria das G. Cardoso Ana Cristina S. Figueiredo jair C. moraes Franscinely A. Assis Juliana de Andrade David L. Nelson Marcos de Souza Gomes Josefina Aparecida de Souza Luiz Roberto Marques de Albuquerque department of Chemistry Federal University of Lavras Lavras Brazil department of Entomology Federal University of Lavras Lavras Brazil Federal University of Vales de Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Brazil Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências de Lisboa Centro de Biotecnologia Vegetal Lisboa Portugal

This work describes the chemical composition of the essential oils extracted from fresh leaves of Lippia origanoides Kunth. and Mentha spicata L. and their antioxidant and insecticidal activities. The essential oils were extracted by steam distillation using a modified Clevenger apparatus and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activities were determined by the β-carotene-linoleic acid method and by sequestration of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hidrazila radical. The concentrations of the essential oils and the synthetic standard, butylated hydroxyltoluene, were 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 500 μg mL-1. Insecticidal activity was analyzed by non-preference with choice and no choice against the aphid Myzus persicae Sulzer. Gas chromatography analysis of the essential oil from Lippia origanoides Kunth. revealed carvacrol (41.51%), p-cymene (18.36%), γ-terpinene (17.03%) and thymol (4.86%) as major constituents, and the essential oil from Mentha spicata L. contained piperitona (81.18%), piperitenone (14.57%) and limonene (1.47%) as the principal components. The essential oils and the standard exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activities at the concentrations tested. The essential oils were shown to be potential agents in the integrated management of the aphid Myzus persicae Sulzer.

关键词： Antioxidant Activity Insecticidal Activity Lamiaceae Natural Products Verbenaceae

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Fitness of Hybrids between Gossypium barbadense and Upland Cotton and Resistance to Pectinophora gossypiella and Alabama argillacea

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第8期7卷 820-826页

作者： Lucia Vieira Hoffmann Paulo Augusto Vianna Barroso jair Moises de Sousa Flora Ismail Tibazarwa Embrapa Santo Anthonio de Goias 75375-000 Brazil Federal University of Campina Grande Patos Campus University Avenue Paraiba 58700-970 Brazil department of Botany University of Dar es Salaam Dar Es Salaam 35060 Tanzania

Measuring fitness is essential for understanding the potential impacts of hybridisation between transgenic crops and their wild relatives. Transgenic CrylAc cotton Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense hybridise, the latter being valued as backyard cotton and an important genetic resource. G. barbadense was outcrossed to G. hirsutum containing the gene CrylAc and the isoline and the offspring evaluated for fitness as a measure of resistance to common pests and other growth parameters, Resistance to Pectinophora gossypiella and Alabama argillacea were greater in transgenic plants. Number of seeds per plant was higher in the F1 hybrids and G. hirsutum, F2 populations were intermediary; G. barbadense produced the least seeds per plant during the period of analysis. Anthesis of the first flower and opening of the first boll occurred earlier for G. hirsutum and Ft hybrids than F2; latest for G. barbadense. The observed-performance of resistance to the worms in the hybrids suggests that among FI and F2 populations transgenic hybrids may exhibit a competitive advantage over non-transgenic plants as a result of gene flow.

关键词： Biosafety pink bollworm cotton leaf worm gene flow.

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Computational Study of the Formation Reaction of Polyacid Precursors of Glass-Ionomer Materials

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2021年第8期9卷 1-9页

作者： jair Gaviria jairo Quijano Pablo Ruiz Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional de Colombia Medellín Colombia Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano Medellín Colombia

The formation of polyacids in a glass-ionomer cement was computationally modeled. The polyacid modelled is an oligomer made up of three molecules: acrylic acid, itaconic acid and an additional molecule that acts as a spacer group between the previous two. Acryloyl and meta-acryloyl derivatives of some amino acids and related molecules such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone and N-vinyl caprolactam were used as spacer groups. Some of these molecules have been previously used experimentally as spacer groups. In this work the spacer behaviour of 15 different molecules was investigated. To our knowledge, this is the first computational attempt to model some promising molecules to be incorporated into glass-ionomer dental cements. The results revealed the best structural arrangement for the investigated molecules.

关键词： Cements Glass Ionomer Polyacids Spacers Terpolymers

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Honeybees prefer novel insect-pollinated flower shapes over bird-pollinated flower shapes

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 457-465页

作者： Scarlett R. Howard Mani Shrestha Juergen Schramme jair E. Garcia Aurore AvARGUES-WEBER Andrew D. Greentree Adrian G. DYER Bio-inspired Digital Sensing (BIDS) Lab School of Media and Communication RMIT University Melbourne Victoria 3000 Australia Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Melbourne Victoria 3800 Australia institute of developmental Biology and Neurobiology (iDn) Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 55122 Germany Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI) Universite de Toulouse CNRS UPS Toulouse 31400 France ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics School of Science RMIT University Melbourne Victoria 3000 Australia department of Physiology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia

Plant-pollinator in teractio ns have a fundame ntal in fluence on flower evolution. Flower color signals are frequently tuned to the visual capabilities of important pollinators such as either bees or birds, but far less is known about whether flower shape in fluences the choices of pollinators. We tested European honeybee Apis mellifera pref ere nces using novel achromatic (gray-scale) images of 12 insect-pollinated and 12 bird-pollinated native Australian flowers in Germany;thus, avoiding in flue nces of color, odor, or prior experie nee. In depende nt bees were tested with a number of parameterized images specifically desig ned to assess pref ere nces for size, shape, brightness, or the number of flower-like shapes prese nt in an image. We show that honeybees have a pref ere nee for visiti ng images of in sect-polli nated flowers and such a pref ere nee is most-likely mediated by holistic in formati on rather than by in dividual image parameters. Our results in dicate an giosperms have evolved flower shapes which in fluence the choice behavior of importa nt pollinators, and thus suggest spatial achromatic flower properties are an important part of visual signaling for plantpollinator in teractions.

关键词： angiosperm Apis mellifera (European honeybee) bird-pollinated flower insect-pollinated pollinator

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Vestibular Function Evaluation in Endemic Diseases Combat Agents

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Health 2021年第2期13卷 144-156页

作者： Patrícia Arruda de Souza Alcarás Bianca Simone Zeigelboim Maria Cristina Alves Corazza Débora Lüders jair Mendes Marques Adriana Bender Moreira de Lacerda University of Western Sã o Paulo UNOESTE Presidente Prudente S&#227 o Paulo Brazil Tuiuti University of Paraná UTP Curitiba Paraná Brazil Université de Montréal UdeM Quebec Canada

Introduction: Simultaneous exposure to certain chemical agents and noise may cause synergistic, additive or potentiating effects on the auditory and vestibular system. However, there is still a lack of studies investigating simultaneous exposure to pesticides and noise in the vestibular system. Purpose: To analyze the findings of the vestibular evaluation of endemic diseases combat agents when simultaneously exposed to pesticides and noise. Method: Thirty-three male pesticide-exposed and noise-fighting endemic diseases combat agents participated in the study. The age range was 48 to 67 years (mean = 56 years). All participants underwent vestibular examinations, such as positional nystagmus research, spontaneous nystagmus with open and closed eyes, semi-spontaneous nystagmus, optokinetic nystagmus, pendular screening, per rotatory, caloric tests and tonal audiometry. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: Altered exams were presented in 36.4% of the cases. There was no statistically significant relationship between pesticide handling time and test results (p = 0.2825). The results of pure tone audiometry correlated significantly (p = 0.0494) with the vestibular exams, as participants who presented with worse hearing thresholds at the frequency of 4000 Hz in the right ear also presented altered results in the vestibular exam. Conclusion: The present study concluded that more than 1/3 of the studied population presented with vestibular dysfunction, which was related to anterior and posterior labyrinth alteration (Cochlear-Vestibular Syndrome). No central vestibular alteration was noted in this population.

关键词： Community Health Workers Pesticides Noise Hearing Vestibular System

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Dynamics of Nonlinear Interactions among Forces with Lagged Effect

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Applied Mathematics 2017年第10期8卷 1437-1444页

作者： jair Silvério dos Santos Katia A. G. Azevedo departamento de Computaç &atilde o e Matemática FFCLRP-Universidade de S&atilde o Paulo S&atilde o Paulo Brazil

This paper is concerned with the dynamics of the steady state of a two-delayed nonlinear system of functional differential equations. The stability of the steady state together with its dependence on the magnitude of time delays has been examined by means of characteristic equation corresponding to the nonlinear equation. General criteria for stability involving the two-delay equations have been obtained.

关键词： Hopf Bifurcation Business Cycle Stability Two-delayed Kaldor-Kalecki Model Fluctuations Phenomenum

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