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Does photobiomodulation require glucose to work effectively?

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 945-946页

作者： jaimie hoh kam John Mitrofanis UniversitéGrenoble Alpes Fonds de Dotation ClinatecGrenobleFrance University College London Institute of OphthalmologyUK

A main requirement for cells to function normally is the availability of ***,available either direct from circulation or storage,is converted to the essential energy that cells need to drive critical intrinsic *** cells are deprived of glucose,they become dysfunctional and suffer ***,the use of specific wavelengths of light on body tissues,has been shown to promote,through small organelles called mitochondria,the metabolism of glucose to make energy for cells;this energy can be used to improve cell function and *** this perspective,we hypothesize that the availability of glucose is central to the core mechanism of photobiomodulation;that photobiomodulation is at its most efficient in stimulating mitochondrial activity and improving cell function when there is glucose readily available.

关键词： metabolism distress stimulating

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Do astrocytes respond to light,sound,or electrical stimulation?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2343-2347页

作者： Audrey Le Naour Emilien Beziat jaimie hoh kam Pierre Magistretti Alim-Louis Benabid John Mitrofanis UniversitéGrenoble Alpes Fonds de dotationClinatecGrenobleFrance King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK

Astrocytes are not only the most populous cell type in the human brain,but they also have the most extensive and dive rse sets of connections,across synapses,axons,blood vessels,as well as having their own internal ***,they are associated with many brain functions;from the synaptic transmission to energy metabolism and fluid homeostasis,and from cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier maintenance to neuroprotection,memory,immune defenses and detoxification,slee p,and early *** yet,notwithstanding these key roles,so many current therapeutic approaches to a range of brain disorders have largely neglected their potential *** this review,we consider the role of astrocytes in three brain therapies;two are emerging treatments(photobiomodulation and ultrasound),while the other is well-established(deep brain stimulation).In essence,we explore the issue of whether external sources,such as light,sound,or electricity,can influence the function of astrocytes,as they do *** find that,when taken all together,each of these external sources can influence many,if not,all of the functions associated with *** include influencing neuronal activity,prompting neuroprotection,reducing inflammation(astrogliosis) and potentially increasing cerebral blood flow and stimulating the glymphatic *** suggest that astrocytes,just like neurons,can respond positively to each of these external applications and that their activation co uld each impart many beneficial outcomes on brain function;they are likely to be key playe rs underpinning the mechanisms behind many therapeutic strategies.

关键词： deep brain stimulation high frequency infrared mitochondria red ultrasound

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