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Toughened (Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)–SiC composites fabricated by one-step reactive sintering with a unique SiB_(6) additive

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第1期13卷 86-100页

作者： Wei Hao Xinzhe Lu Ling Li Tao Wang Guoliang Ren Huangyue Cai Xiaofeng Zhao Dongyun Wang na Ni Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Rail Transit Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Technology&Equipment Zhejiang Normal UniversityZhejiang 321004China Key Lab of Education Ministry for Power Machinery and Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

High-entropy diboride has been arousing considerable interest in recent ***,the low toughness and damage tolerance limit its applications as ultra-high-temperature structural *** we report that a unique SiB_(6) additive has been first incorporated as boron and silicon sources to fabricate a high-entropy boride(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)–SiC composite though one-step boro/carbothermal reduction reactive sintering.A synergetic effect of high-entropy sluggish diffusion and SiC secondary phase retarded the grain growth of the(Ti_(0.2)Zr_(0.2)Hf_(0.2)Nb_(0.2)Ta_(0.2))B_(2)–51SiC *** small grain size was beneficial to shorten the diffusion path for mass transport,thereby enhancing the relative density to~99.3%.These results in an increase of fracture toughness from~5.2 in HEBS-1900 to~7.7 MPa·m^(1/2) in HEBS-2000,which corresponded to a large improvement of 48%.The improvement was attributed to a mixed mode of intergranular and transgranular cracking for offering effective pinning in crack propagation,resulting from balanced grain boundary strength collectively affected by improved densification,solid solution strengthening,and incorporation of SiC secondary phase.

关键词： high-entropy diboride silicon hexaboride boro/carbothermal reduction reactive sintering fracture toughness

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Spatial search weighting information contained in cell velocity distribution

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 522-528页

作者：马一凯李娜陈唯 State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China China national Center for Bioinformation Beijing 100101China national Genomics Data Center Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Cell migration plays a significant role in physiological and pathological *** the characteristics of cell movement is crucial for comprehending biological processes such as cell functionality,cell migration,and cell–cell *** of the fundamental characteristics of cell movement is the specific distribution of cell speed,containing valuable information that still requires comprehensive *** article investigates the distribution of mean velocities along cell trajectories,with a focus on optimizing the efficiency of cell food search in the context of the entire *** confirm that the specific velocity distribution in the experiments corresponds to an optimal search efficiency when spatial weighting is *** simulation results indicate that the distribution of average velocity does not align with the optimal search efficiency when employing average spatial ***,when considering the distribution of central spatial weighting,the specific velocity distribution in the experiment is shown to correspond to the optimal search *** simulations reveal that for any given distribution of average velocity,a specific central spatial weighting can be identified among the possible central spatial weighting that aligns with the optimal search ***,our work presents a method for determining the spatial weights embedded in the velocity distribution of cell *** results have provided new avenues for further investigation of significant topics,such as relationship between cell behavior and environmental conditions throughout their evolutionary history,and how cells achieve collective cooperation through cell-cell communication.

关键词： cell migration foraging efficiency random walk spatial search weight

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Validity of fatty liver prediction scores for diagnosis of fatty liver by Fibroscan

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 353-360页

作者： Seogsong Jeong Sun Jae Park Seong Kyun na Sang Min Park Byung-Cheol Song Yun Hwan Oh Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University Graduate SchoolSeoul 03080Korea Department of Biomedical Informatics CHA University School of MedicineCHA UniversitySeongnam 13488Korea Department of Internal Medicine Inje University College of MedicineSeoul 50834Korea Department of Family Medicine Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Korea Department of Internal Medicine Jeju National University HospitalJeju National University College of MedicineJeju 63241Korea Department of Family Medicine Jeju National University HospitalJeju National University College of MedicineJeju 63241Korea Department of Family Medicine Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong HospitalChung-Ang University College of MedicineGwangmyeong 14353Korea

Background:The Korea national Health and Nutrition Examination Survey nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(K-naFLD)score was recently developed with the intent to operationally define nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(naFLD).However,there remained an external validation that confirmed its diagnostic performance,especially in patients with alcohol consumption or hepatitis virus ***:Diagnostic accuracy of the K-naFLD score was evaluated in a hospital-based cohort consisting of 1388 participants who received Fibroscan®.Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models and the contrast estimation of receiver operating characteristic curves were used for validation of the K-naFLD score,fatty liver index(FLI),and hepatic steatosis index(HSI).Results:K-naFLD-moderate[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=2.53,95%confidence interval(CI):1.13-5.65]and K-naFLD-high(aOR=4.14,95%CI:1.69-10.13)groups showed higher risks of fatty liver compared to the K-naFLD-low group after adjustments for demographic and clinical characteristics,and FLI-moderate and FLI-high groups revealed aORs of 2.05(95%CI:1.22-3.43)and 1.51(95%CI:0.78-2.90),*** addition,the HSI was less predictive for Fibroscan®-defined fatty *** K-naFLD and FLI also demonstrated high accuracy in the prediction of fatty liver in patients with alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis virus infection,and the adjusted area under curve values were comparable between K-naFLD and ***:Externally validation of the K-naFLD and FLI showed that these scores may be a useful,noninvasive,and non-imaging modality for the identification of fatty *** addition,these scores also predicted fatty liver in patients with alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis virus infection.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Fatty liver index Hepatic steatosis index

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A Scoping Review of Real-World Study in Vaccine Evaluation

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China CDC weekly 2024年第16期6卷 357-362页

作者： Lei Wang Hong Yang Lanfang Xia Quanwei Song na Liu Guomin Zhang Fuzhen Wang Huaqing Wang national Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID) BeijingChina national Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Real-world study(RWS)gained prominence starting with a significant investigation on ramipril’s impact on hypertension in 1993(1).A key advancement for the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)occurred with the enactment of the 21st Century Cures Act in 2016,emphasizing RWS(2).The FDA’s Real-world Evidence Program establishes real-world data(RWD)as“data relating to patient health status and/or the delivery of health care routinely collected from a variety of sources”,while real-world evidence(RWE)is“clinical evidence about the usage and potential benefits or risks of a medical product derived from analysis of RWD”(3).The proliferation of big data,electronic medical records(EMR),electronic health records(EHR),and medical claims data offers vast information resources facilitating *** access to RWD allows for worldwide monitoring of the impacts of various public health initiatives like vaccination *** randomized clinical trials(RCTs)traditionally gauge vaccine efficacy and shortterm safety,RWS can assess vaccine performance and safety across larger,more diverse populations and are adept at identifying rare events not easily discernible in RCTs due to their infrequency.

关键词： routine gained traditionally

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Carbon allocation in Picea jezoensis:Adaptation strategies of a non-treeline species at its upper elevation limit

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 347-357页

作者： Renkai Dong na Li Mai-He Li Yu Cong Haibo Du Decai Gao Hong S.He Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains Ministry of EducationSchool of Geographical SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China School of natural Resources University of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL8903BirmensdorfSwitzerland Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130102China School of Life Science Hebei UniversityBaoding071002China

Understanding the physiological adaptations of non-treeline trees to environmental stress is important to understand future shifts in species composition and distribution of current treeline *** aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanisms of the formation of the upper elevation limit of non-treeline tree species,Picea jezoensis,and the carbon allocation strategies of the species on Changbai *** employed the^(13)C in situ pulse labeling technique to trace the distribution of photosynthetically assimilated carbon in Picea jezoensis at different elevational positions(tree species at its upper elevation limit(TSAUE,1,700 m a.s.l.)under treeline ecotone;tree species at a lower elevation position(TSALE,1,400 m a.s.l.).We analyzed^(13)C and the non-structural carbohydrate(NSC)concentrations in various tissues following *** findings revealed a significant shift in carbon allocation in TSAUE compared to *** was a pronounced increase inδ^(13)C allocation to belowground components(roots,soil,soil respiration)in TSAUE compared to ***,the C flow rate within the plant-soil-atmosphere system was faster,and the C residence time in the plant was shorter in *** trends indicate enhanced C sink activity in belowground tissues in TSAUE,with newly assimilated C being preferentially directed there,suggesting a more conservative C allocation strategy by *** at higher elevations under harsher *** a strategy,prioritizing C storage in roots,likely aids in withstanding winter cold stress at the expense of aboveground growth during the growing season,leading to reduced growth of TSAUE compared to *** results of the present study shed light on the adaptive mechanisms governing the upper elevation limits of non-treeline trees,and enhances our understanding of how non-treeline species might respond to ongoing climate change.

关键词： ^(13)C pulse labeling Carbon distribution Non-structural carbohydrates(NSC) Non-treeline species Sink activity Stressful environments Upper elevation limit

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Understanding the factors influencing cloud-core vertical accelerations during deep convection formation in the WRF model

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第3期17卷 1-7页

作者： na Li Jin Wang Lingkun Ran Lei Yin Xiba Tang Yuchen Liu Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Guizhou Meteorological Bureau GuiyangChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications NanjingChina Yunnan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters and Climate Resources in the Great Mekong Subregion Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina

本文将扰动气压利用一个线性诊断关系代替,重新推导了WRF模式框架地形追随坐标系下的垂直动量方程,建立了垂直加速与对流触发(DCI)影响因子(如温度,水汽等)的直接联系.研究发现,DCI过程与对流核垂直加速相关,三维副散,扰动位势在垂直方... 详细信息

本文将扰动气压利用一个线性诊断关系代替,重新推导了WRF模式框架地形追随坐标系下的垂直动量方程,建立了垂直加速与对流触发(DCI)影响因子(如温度,水汽等)的直接联系.研究发现,DCI过程与对流核垂直加速相关,三维副散,扰动位势在垂直方向的二阶非均匀性,扰动位温垂直梯度,比湿及其垂直梯度,水凝物拖曳,均是能够直接影响垂直加速和对流触发的物理因子,这些量与模式基本预报量相关,通过解析基本预报量对对流发展的直接影响,可能有助于理解模式对DCI过程预测失败的原因.

关键词：垂直加速深对流垂直速度冰雹

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Characteristics of cell motility during cell collision

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 72-77页

Quantitative examination of cellular motion and intercellullar interactions possesses substantial relevance for both biology and ***,the effects of intercellular interactions during cellular locomotion remain under-explored in experimental *** such,this study seeks to bridge this research gap,adopting Dictyostelium discoideum(Dicty)cells as a paradigm to investigate variations in cellular motion during reciprocal *** aim to attain a comprehensive understanding of how cell interactions influence cell *** observing and processing the motion trajectories of colliding cells under diverse chemical environments,we calculated the diffusion coefficient(D)and the persistence time(τ),using mean square *** analysis of the relationship dynamics between D andτprior to the collisions reveals intricate and non-monotonic alterations in cell movements during *** quantitatively scrutinizing theτtrend,we were able to categorize the cellular responses to interactions under different ***,we ascertained that the effect of cell interactions during collisions in Dicty cells emulates a classical sigmoid *** discovery suggests that cellular responses might comply with a pattern akin to the Weber–Fechner law.

关键词： cell migration random walk cell-cell interaction

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尖晶石LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)材料表面Li_(3)PO_(4)包覆改性与电化学性能

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硅酸盐学报 2024年第6期52卷 2032-2039页

作者：柳娜宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司福建宁德352106

尖晶石结构LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)(LNMO)材料因具备高工作电压、低成本和环境友好等优点,被认为是最具有发展前景的正极材料之一。然而,LNMO材料在充放电过程中表现出严重的表面失氧和Mn溶出反应,导致其整体电化学性能较差。采用前驱... 详细信息

尖晶石结构LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)(LNMO)材料因具备高工作电压、低成本和环境友好等优点,被认为是最具有发展前景的正极材料之一。然而,LNMO材料在充放电过程中表现出严重的表面失氧和Mn溶出反应,导致其整体电化学性能较差。采用前驱体Li_(3)PO_(4)包覆技术,在LNMO材料颗粒表面构建均匀的纳米包覆层,不仅提高了LNMO的循环稳定性和倍率性能,而且有效抑制了循环过程中阴极材料过渡金属溶出。结合X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微技术、透射电子显微镜和电化学分析等测试手段,充分对比和分析Li_(3)PO_(4)包覆LNMO材料前后对微观结构和电化学性能的影响。该方法实现了Li_(3)PO_(4)的均匀包覆,并且没有改变LNMO正极材料的晶体结构。前驱体包覆3%Li_(3)PO_(4)的LNMO材料在1 C倍率下循环300圈容量保持率从无包覆的81.82%提升至包覆后的90.47%,2 C高倍率下的放电容量保持率从87.72%提升至92.39%,且EOL电芯阳极极片中过渡金属Mn溶出量明显降低。前驱体Li_(3)PO_(4)包覆策略是一种有效的材料表面改性策略,可以有效提升尖晶石型LNMO正极材料在循环过程中的结构稳定性和电化学性能。

关键词：镍锰酸锂磷酸锂包覆电化学性能

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TonEBP expression is essential in the IL-1β–induced migration and invasion of human A549 lung cancer cells

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 151-161页

作者： HEE JU SONG TAEHEE KIM HAN na CHOI SOO JIN KIM SANG DO LEE Department of Physiology School of MedicineChungnam National UniversityDaejeon35015Korea

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancers,in part because it readily *** tumor microenvironment,comprising blood vessels,fibroblasts,immune cells,and macrophages[including tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)],is closely related to cancer cell growth,migration,and *** secrete several cytokines,including interleukin(IL)-1β,which participate in cancer migration and invasion.p21-activated kinase 1(PAK1),an important signaling molecule,induces cell migration and invasion in several ***responsive enhancer-binding protein(TonEBP)is also known to participate in cancer cell growth,migration,and ***,the mechanisms by which it increases lung cancer migration remain ***,in this study,we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which IL-1βand TonEBP affect lung cancer cell migration and *** found that A549 cocultured-MΦ-secreted IL-1βinduced A549 cell migration and invasion via the PAK1 *** deficiency reduced A549 cell migration and invasion and increased responsiveness to IL-1β–induced migration and ***1 phosphorylation,which was promoted by IL-1β,was reduced when TonEBP was *** results suggest that TonEBP plays an important role in IL-1βinduction and invasiveness of A549 cells via the PAK1 *** findings could be valuable in identifying potential targets for lung cancer treatment.

关键词： Lung cancer TonEBP Tumor microenvironment Tumor-associated macrophage IL-1β

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A Global Decomposition Analysis of the Effect of Population Aging on Disability-Adjusted Life Years Associated with Cardiovascular Disease—204 Countries and Territories,1990-2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第39期6卷 1004-1010,I0001-I0006页

作者： na Sun Xiaocan Jia Xuezhong Shi Feng Jiang Chaojun Yang Yongli Yang Department of Computer and Health Statistics College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou CityHenan ProvinceChina Department of Disease Prevention and Control Zhengzhou University HospitalZhengzhou CityHenan ProvinceChina

What is already known about this topic?The influence of population aging on the disabilityadjusted life years(DALYs)associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD)is acknowledged,yet the magnitude of this impact remains *** is added by this report?This research quantified the influence of population aging on CVD DALYs from 1990 to 2021 through decomposition *** findings revealed that the proportion of DALYs attributable to aging varied widely,ranging from‒77.0%to 148.9%across 204 *** was significant variation in the attributed DALY proportions among different countries or territories and types of *** heart disease and stroke emerged as the leading contributors to DALYs influenced by *** are the implications for public health practice?Globally,the association of population aging with increased CVD DALYs underscores the critical need for enhancing health systems to cater to the needs of older *** the burden of CVD DALYs linked to demographic aging can be achieved by investing in resources and adjusting fertility policies.

关键词： aging attributed critical

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