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Comments to young surgeons concerning laparoscopic spleenpreserving D2 lymph node dissection for advanced gastric cancer on the upper body

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2014年第3期26卷 231-233页

作者： yoon Young Choi Ji Yeong An Woo Jin Hyung Sung hoon Noh Department of Surgery Yonsei University Health System Yonsei University College of Medicine

Qualified radical gastrectomy with lymph node dissection is very important to the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Now D2 lymph node dissection is standard procedure for gastric cancer surgery, and spleen hilar lymph node dissection is mandatory for gastric cancer in upper body. Because the anatomy of vessels in this area is very complicated, D2 lymph node dissection is technical challenging not only for open gastrectomy but also for laparoscopic one. Adapting a new technique is important to all surgeons, but we surgeons should always consider a patient＇s safety as the most important factor during surgery and that efforts should be based on scientific rationale with oncologic principles. I hope that the recent report by Huang et al. about laparoscopic spleen preserving hilar lymph node dissection would be helpful to young surgeons who will perform laparoscpic total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer lymph node dissection laparoscopy spleen

Sensitivity of the suspected blood indicator:An experimental study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第31期18卷 4169-4174页

作者： Sung Chul Park hoon jai Chun Eun Sun Kim Bora Keum Yeon Seok Seo Yong Sik Kim yoon Tae Jeen Hong Sik Lee Soon Ho Um Chang Duck Kim Ho Sang Ryu Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineKangwon National University School of MedicineChuncheon 200-722South Korea Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineKorea University College of MedicineSeoul 136-705South Korea

AIM： To investigate whether suspected blood indicator （SBI） in capsule endoscopy （CE） is affected by back- ground color and capsule passage velocity. METHODS： Experimental models of the small intestine constructed from paper in a variety of colors were used to simulate the background colors observed in CE im- ages. The background colors studied included very pale yellow, yellow, very pale magenta, light grayish pink, burnt sienna, and deep and dark brown, and red spots were attached inside them. An endoscopic capsule was manually passed through the models. The rate of detection of the red spots by the SBI was evaluated based on the colors of the models and the capsule pas- sage velocities （0.5 cm/s, 1 cm/s, and 2 cm/s）.RESULTS： The rate of detection of the red spots byground color of the model （P 〈 0.001）. Detection rates were highest for backgrounds of very pale magenta, burnt sienna, and yellow, in that order. They were lowest for backgrounds of dark brown and very pale yellow. The rate of detection of red spots by the SBI tended to decrease at rapid capsule passage velocities （1-2 cm/s） compared to slow velocities （0.5 cm/s） for backgrounds of very pale yellow （P = 0.042）, yellow （P = 0.001）, very pale magenta （P = 0.002）, and burnt sien- na （P = 0.001）. No significant differences in the rate of detection were observed according to velocity for light grayish pink （P = 0.643） or dark brown （P = 0.396）. CONCLUSION： SBI sensitivity was affected by back- ground color and capsule passage velocity in the models. These findings may facilitate the rapid detection of bleeding lesions by CE.

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Suspected blood indi-cator Sensitivity Background color Passage velocity

Dynamic deformation behavior and microstructural evolution during high-speed rolling of Mg alloy having non-basal texture

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第4期35卷 473-482页

作者： Sang-hoon Kim Jeong Hun Lee Chong Soo Lee Jonghun yoon Sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Ulsan Regional Division Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Hanyang University

The dynamic deformation behaviors and resultant microstructural variations during high-speed rolling(HSR) of a Mg alloy with a non-basal texture are investigated. To this end, AZ31 alloy samples in which the basal poles of most grains are predominantly aligned parallel to the transverse direction(TD) are subjected to hot rolling with different reductions at a rolling speed of 470 m/min. The initial grains with a TD texture are favorable for {10–12} twinning under compression along the normal direction(ND); as a result, {10–12} twins are extensively formed in the material during HSR, and this consequently results in a drastic evolution of texture from the TD texture to the ND texture and a reduction in the grain size. After the initial grains are completely twinned by the {10–12} twinning mechanism, {10–11} contraction twins and {10–11}-{10–12} double twins are formed in the {10–12} twinned grains by further *** the contraction twins and double twins have crystallographic orientations that are favorable for basal slip during HSR, dislocations easily accumulate in these twins and fine recrystallized grains nucleate in the twins to reduce the increased internal strain energy. Until a rolling reduction of 20%, {10–12}twinning is the main mechanism governing the microstructural change during HSR, and subsequently,the microstructural evolution is dominated by the formation of contraction twins and double twins and the dynamic recrystallization in these twins. With an increase in the rolling reduction, the average grain size and internal strain energy of the high-speed-rolled(HSRed) samples decrease and the basal texture evolves from the TD texture to the ND texture more effectively. As a result, the 80% HSRed sample, which is subjected to a large strain at a high strain rate in a single rolling pass, exhibits a fully recrystallized microstructure consisting of equiaxed fine grains and has an ND basal texture without a TD texture component.

关键词： Magnesium alloy High-speed rolling Texture Dynamic recrystallization Twinning

Human neural stem cells promote proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells and enhance angiogenesis in ischemic rat brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第2期11卷 298-304页

作者： Sun Ryu Seung-hoon Lee Seung U.Kim Byung-Woo yoon Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul National University Medical Research Center Seoul National University Medical Research Institute Chung-Ang University School of Medicine Department of Neurology UBC Hospital University of British Columbia

Transplantation of human neural stem cells into the dentate gyrus or ventricle of rodents has been reportedly to enhance neurogenesis. In this study, we examined endogenous stem cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the ischemic rat brain after the transplantation of human neural stem cells. Focal cerebral ischemia in the rat brain was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Human neural stem cells were transplanted into the subventricular zone. The behavioral performance of human neural stem cells-treated ischemic rats was significantly improved and cerebral infarct volumes were reduced compared to those in untreated animals. Numerous transplanted human neural stem cells were alive and preferentially localized to the ipsilateral ischemic hemisphere. Furthermore, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine-labeled endogenous neural stem cells were observed in the subventricular zone and hippocampus, where they differentiated into cells immunoreactive for the neural markers doublecortin, neuronal nuclear antigen Neu N, and astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein in human neural stem cells-treated rats, but not in the untreated ischemic animals. The number of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine-positive ？ anti-von Willebrand factor-positive proliferating endothelial cells was higher in the ischemic boundary zone of human neural stem cells-treated rats than in controls. Finally, transplantation of human neural stem cells in the brains of rats with focal cerebral ischemia promoted the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells and their differentiation into mature neural-like cells, and enhanced angiogenesis. This study provides valuable insights into the effect of human neural stem cell transplantation on focal cerebral ischemia, which can be applied to the development of an effective therapy for stroke.

关键词： nerve regeneration focal cerebral ischemia middle cerebral artery occlusion human neural stem cells transplantation differentiation infarct size behavioral analysis endogenous neurogenesis angiogenesis rats neural regeneration

Self-expandable metal stents in patients with postoperative delayed gastric emptying after distal gastrectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第40期24卷 4578-4585页

作者： Seung Han Kim Bora Keum Hyuk Soon Choi Eun Sun Kim Yeon Seok Seo yoon Tae Jeen Hong Sik Lee hoon jai Chun Soon Ho Um Chang Duck Kim Sungsoo Park Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineInstitute of Gastrointestinal Medical Instrument ResearchKorea University College of MedicineSeoul 02841South Korea Department of Surgery Korea University College of MedicineSeoul 02841South Korea

AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic stent insertion in patients with delayed gastric emptying after *** In this study, we prospectively collected data from patients who underwent stent placement for delayed gastric emptying(DGE) after distal gastrectomy between June 2010 and April 2017, at a tertiary referral academic center. Clinical improvement, complications, and consequences after stent insertion were *** Technical success was achieved in all patients(100%). Early symptom improvement was observed in 15 of 20 patients(75%) and clinical success was achieved in all patients. Mean follow-up period was 1178.3 ± 844.1 d and median stent maintenance period was 51 d(range 6-2114 d). During the follow-up period, inserted stents were passed spontaneously per rectum without any complications in 14 of 20 patients(70%). Symptom improvement was maintained after stent placement without the requirement of any additional intervention in 19 of 20 patients(95%).CONCLUSION Endoscopic stent placement provides prompt relief of obstructive symptoms. Thus, it can be considered an effective and safe salvage technique for post-operative DGE.

关键词： Self-expandable metal stent Delayed gastric emptying Gastrectomy Salvage technique Symptom improvement

Radiotherapy for 65 patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第15期14卷 2394-2400页

作者： Yeon Seok Seo Jin Nam Kim Bora Keum Sanghoon Park Yong Dae Kwon Yong Sik Kim yoon Tae Jeen hoon jai Chun Chul Yong Kim Chang Duck Kim Ho Sang Ryu Soon Ho Um Department of Internal Medicine Korea University College of Medicine Seoul 136-705 Korea Department of Radiation Oncology Korea University College of Medicine Seoul 136-705 Korea

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) in patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A total of 65 patients were treated with RT in the Korea University Medical Center. The median age of the patients was 60 years, and 86.2% were men. 18.5% and 81.5% of the patients were diagnosed as TNM stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ-A, respectively. Treatment response was assessed 4 mo after initiation of RT. Tumor regression rate 1 mo after initiation of RT (TRR1m) was also assessed. Duration of survival was calculated from the initiation of RT. RESULTS: The objective treatment response was 56.9%. The 12 mo survival rate was 34.7%. Predictive factors for survival were Child-Pugh grade, α-fetoprotein level and treatment response. An objective response was achieved more frequently in patients with TRR1m ≥ 20% than in those with TRR1m < 20% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: RT is effective in treating advanced HCC with a tumor response rate of 56.9%.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Radiotherapy Treatment response Survival

Dirac solitons in optical microresonators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1-15页

作者： Heming Wang Yu-Kun Lu Lue Wu Dong yoon Oh Boqiang Shen Seung hoon Lee Kerry Vahala T.J.Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA Research Laboratory of Electronics MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold AtomsDepartment of PhysicsMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Rockley Photonics Inc. PasadenaCAUSA Apple Inc. CupertinoCAUSA

Mode-coupling-induced dispersion has been used to engineer microresonators for soliton generation at the edge of the visible ***,we show that the optical soliton formed in this way is analogous to optical Bragg solitons and,more generally,to the Dirac soliton in quantum field *** optical Dirac soliton is studied theoretically,and a closed-form solution is derived in the corresponding conservative *** analytical and numerical solutions show unusual properties,such as polarization twisting and asymmetrical optical *** closed-form solution is also used to study the repetition rate shift in the *** observation of the asymmetrical spectrum is analysed using *** properties of Dirac optical solitons in microresonators are important at a fundamental level and provide a road map for soliton microcomb generation in the visible band.

关键词： theory spectra soliton

Numerical simulation for dendrite growth in directional solidification using LBM-CA(cellular automata)coupled method

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第14期47卷 15-24页

作者： Wonjoo Lee Yuhyeong Jeong Jae-Wook Lee Howon Lee Seong-hoon Kang Young-Min Kim Jonghun yoon Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Hanyang University222Wangsimni-roSeongdong-guSeoul 04763Republic of Korea Materials Deformation Department Korea Institute of Materials Science797 ChangwondaeroSeongsan-guChangwon-siGyeongnam-do 51508Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Hanyang University55 Hanyangdaehak-roSangnok-guAnsan-siGyeonggi-do 15588Republic of Korea

To predict the dendrite morphology and microstructure evolution in the solidification of molten metal,numerically,lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)-cellular automata(CA)model has been developed by integrating the LBM to solve the mass transport by diffusion and convection during solidification and the CA to determine the phase transformation with respect to the solid fraction based on the local equilibrium *** is successfully validated with analytic solutions such as Lipton-Glicksman-Kurz(LGK)model in static melt,and Oseen-Ivantsov solution under the fluid flow conditions in terms of tip radius and velocity of the dendrite *** proposed LBM-CA model does not only describe different types of dendrite formations with respect to various solidification conditions such as temperature gradient and growth rate,but also predict the primary dendrite arm spacing(PDAS)and the secondary dendrite arm spacing(SDAS),quantitatively,in directional solidification(DS)experiment with Ni-based superalloy.

关键词： Cellular automata(CA) Lattice Boltzmann method(LBM) Dendritic growth Directional solidification

Non-Jumping Take off Performance in Beetle Flight （Rhinoceros Beetle Trypoxylus dichotomus）

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2014年第1期11卷 61-71页

作者： Tien Van Truong Tuyen Quang Le hoon Cheol Park Kwang Joon yoon Min Jun Kim Doyoung Byun Department of Aerospace and Information Engineering Konkuk University Seoul South Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore KoreaInstitute of Ocean Science and Technology PO Box 29 Ansan 425-600 South Korea Department of Advanced Technology Fusion Konkuk University Seoul South Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon South Korea

In recent decades, the take-off mechanisms of flying animals have received much attention in insect flight initiation. Most of previous works have focused on the jumping mechanism, which is the most common take-off mechanism found in flying animals. Here, we presented that the rhinoceros beetle, Trypoxylus dichotomus, takes offwithout jumping. In this study, we used 3-Dimensional （3D） high-speed video techniques to quantitatively analyze the wings and body kinematics during the initiation periods of flight. The details of the flapping angle, angle of attack of the wings and the roll, pitch and yaw angles of the body were investigated to understand the mechanism of take-off in T. dichotomus. The beetle took off gradually with a small velocity and small acceleration. The body kinematic analyses showed that the beetle exhibited stable take-off. To generate high lift force, the beetle modulated its hind wing to control the angle of attack; the angle of attack was large during the upstroke and small during the downstroke. The legs of beetle did not contract and strongly release like other insects. The hind wing could be con- sidered as a main source of lift for heavy beetle.

关键词： take-oft non-jumping mechanism rhinoceros beetle kinematics