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Advancements on metal oxide semiconductor photocatalysts in photo-ele.trochemical conversion of carbon dioxide into fuels and other useful products

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第2期18卷 187-205页

作者： jai PRAKASH Zhangsen CHEN Shakshi SAINI Gaixia ZHANG Shuhui sun Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology HamirpurHamirpur 177005India Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique(INRS) Centre Énergie Matériaux TélécommunicationsVarennes J3X 1P7Canada Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology MandiHimachal PradeshIndia Department of Ele.trical Engineering École de Technologie SupérieureMontréal H3C 1K3Canada

Due to its fascinating and tunable.optoele.tronic properties,semiconductor nanomaterials are the best choices for multidisciplinary ***,the use of semiconductor photocatalysts is one of the promising ways to harness solar energy for useful applications in the field of energy and *** recent years,metal oxide-based tailored semiconductor photocatalysts have extensively been used for photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into fuels and other useful products utilizing solar *** is very significant not only from renewable.energy consumption but also from reducing global warming point of *** current research activities are promising for a better future of *** present mini-review is focused on recent developments(2–3 years)in metal oxide semiconductor hybrid photocatalysts-based photo-ele.trochemical conversion of CO_(2)into fuels and other useful ***,general mechanism of photo-ele.trochemical conversion of CO_(2)into fuels or other useful products has been ***,various metal oxide-based emerging hybrid photocatalysts including tailoring of their morphological,compositional,and optoele.tronic properties have been discussed with emphasis on their role.in enhancing photoele.trochemical ***,mechanism of their photo-ele.trochemical reactions and applications in CO_(2)conversion into fuels/other useful products have been ***,challe.ges and future prospects have been discussed followed by a summary.

关键词： metal-oxide semiconductors nanohybrid photocatalysts photo-ele.trochemical CO_(2)conversion tailoring morphology fuels challe.ges and future prospects

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Re-entry rocket basic flow characteristics and thermal environment of different retro-propulsion modes

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 190-203页

作者： Yifei SU Peijie sun Yangwen CUI Guigao le School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Shanghai Institute of Aerospace System Engineering Shanghai 200000China Southwest Institute of Technology and Engineering Chongqing 400039China

During the supersonic re-entry of multi-nozzle.heavy rockets into the atmosphere,the basic flow state becomes increasingly comple. due to the coupling effect between the retropropulsion plumes and the freestream.A numerical method using the hybrid Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes and Large Eddy Simulation(RES)method and discrete coordinate method is developed to accurately estimate the thermal *** addition,finite rate chemical kinetics is used to calculate the afterburning *** numerical results agree well with wind tunnel data,which confirms the validity and accuracy of the numerical *** are conducted for the heavy carrier rocket re-entry from 53.1 km to 39.5 km altitude with 180°angle.of attack by using three different Supersonic Retro-Propulsion(SRP)*** numerical results reveal that these three SRP flow fields are all Short Penetration Models(SPM).As the re-entry altitudes decrease,both the plume-plume interaction and the plume-freestream interaction become *** highest temperatures in the plume shear layers of the three SRP modes increase by 8.36%,7.33%and 6.92%respectively after considering afterburning reactions,and all occur at a reentry altitude of 39.5 *** the rocket re-enters the atmosphere,the maximum heat flux on the rocket base plate of three SRP modes stabilizes at 290,170 and 200 kW/m^(2) respectively,but the maximum heat flux on the side wall increases *** the altitude declines to 39.5 km,the extreme heat flux of the three modes increase by 84.16%,49.45%and 62.97%respectively compared to that at 53.1 km.

关键词： Re-entry rocket Multi-nozzle Supersonic retro propulsion Thermal environment Afterburning effect

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Path signature-based XAI-enable. network time series classification

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 91-106页

作者： le.sun Yueyuan WANG Yongjun REN Feng XIA Department of Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computing Technologies Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology

Classifying network time series(NTS) is crucial for automating network administration and ensuring cyberspace security. It enable. the detection of anomalies, the identification of network attacks,and the monitoring of performance issues, thereby providing valuable.support for network protection and optimization. However, modern communication networks pose challe.ges for NTS classification *** include handling large-scale.and comple. NTS data, extracting features from intricate datasets, and addressing explainability requirements. These challe.ges are particularly pronounced for comple. 5G networks. Notably, explainability has become crucial for the widespread deployment of network automation for 5G networks and beyond. To tackle.these challe.ges, we propose a path-signature-based NTS classification model calle. recurrent signature(Recur Sig). This innovative model is designed to overcome the time-consuming feature sele.tion proble. by utilizing deep-le.rning(DL) techniques. Additionally, it provides a solution for addressing the black-box issue associated with DL models in network automation systems(NAS) by incorporating an explainable.classification approach. Extensive experimentation on various public datasets demonstrates that Recur Sig outperforms existing models in accuracy and explainability. The results indicate its potential for application in cyberspace security and automated network management, offering an explainable.solution for network protection and optimization.

关键词： network time series classification explainable.artificial intelligence path signature automated network management recurrent neural network

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The Life Cycle.of Knowle.ge in Big Language Models:A Survey

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第2期21卷 217-238页

作者： Boxi Cao Hongyu Lin Xianpei Han le.sun Chinese Information Processing Laboratory Beijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China

Knowle.ge plays a critical role.in artificial ***,the extensive success of pre-trained language models(PLMs)has raised significant attention about how knowle.ge can be acquired,maintained,updated and used by language *** the enormous amount of related studies,there is still a lack of a unified view of how knowle.ge circulates within language models throughout the le.rning,tuning,and application processes,which may prevent us from further understanding the connections between current progress or realizing existing *** this survey,we revisit PLMs as knowle.ge-based systems by dividing the life circle.of knowle.ge in PLMs into five critical periods,and investigating how knowle.ge circulates when it is built,maintained and *** this end,we systematically review existing studies of each period of the knowle.ge life cycle.summarize the main challe.ges and current limitations,and discuss future directions.

关键词： Pre-trained language model knowle.ge acquisition knowle.ge representation knowle.ge probing knowle.ge editing knowle.ge application

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Disturbances rejection optimization based on improved two-degree-of-freedom LADRC for permanent magnet synchronous motor systems

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 518-531页

作者： Chenggang Wang Jianhu Yan Wenlong Li Liang Shan le.sun School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)speed control systems with conventional linear active disturbance rejection control(CLADRC)strategy encounter issues regarding the coupling between dynamic response and disturbance suppression and have poor performance in suppressing comple. nonlinear *** order to address these issues,this paper proposes an improved two-degree-of-freedom LADRC(TDOF-LADRC)strategy,which can enhance the disturbance rejection performance of the system while.decoupling entirely the system's dynamic and anti-disturbance performance to boost the system robustness and simplify controlle. parameter *** models that consider total disturbances are developed to design the TDOF-LADRC speed controlle. ***,to evaluate the control performance of the TDOF-LADRC strategy,its stability is proven,and the influence of each controlle. parameter on the system control performance is *** on it,a comparison is made between the disturbance observation ability and anti-disturbance performance of TDOF-LADRC and CLADRC to prove the superiority of TDOF-LADRC in rejecting ***,experiments are performed on a 750 W PMSM experimental platform,and the results demonstrate that the proposed TDOF-LADRC exhibits the properties of two degrees of freedom and improves the disturbance rejection performance of the PMSM system.

关键词： Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) Active disturbance rejection control(ADRC) Disturbance observer Two-degree-of-freedom control Anti-disturbance

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A method for active deception jamming discrimination based on frequency response

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 331-347页

作者： Wenbin WEI Ruihui PENG Yunlong DONG Dianxing sun le.XU Guohong WANG Qingdao Innovation and Development Base of Harbin Engineering University Harbin Engineering University150001China Institute of Information Fusion Navy Aeronautical UniversityYantai 264001China

There are many types of radar active deception false target jamming that are highly correlated with the real *** the real and false targets under a low Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)is *** solve the above proble.,this article.proposes a real/false target recognition method based on the features of multi-pulse joint frequency response by analyzing the differences in the scattering characteristics and modeling real target echoes as a synthesis of multi-scattering center ***,in the range-dopple. domain,the real and false targets are truncated along the range dimension,and a fast Fourier transform is performed to extract the features of multi-pulse joint frequency ***,a two-channel feature fusion network is designed for real and false target ***,a Multi-Coherent Processing Interval Joint Decision Method(M-CPIJDM)based on temporal information is proposed to improve the recognition *** using the measured data show that the proposed method can well recognize real and false target signals under four jamming backgrounds:distance false target,velocity false target,distance-velocity composite false target,and forwarding dense false target.

关键词： Activedeception false target jamming Multi-scattering center echo Multi-pulse jointfrequency response feature Two-channelfeature fusion network Multi-coherent processing interval jointdecision

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Proposing a machine le.rning approach to analyze and predict basic high-temperature properties of iron ore fines and its factors

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1082-1094页

作者： Qing-ke sun Yao-zu Wang Jian-liang Zhang Zheng-jian Liu le.le.Niu Chang-dong Shan Yun-fei Ma Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Intelligence Science and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

The basic high-temperature properties of iron ore play a crucial role.in optimizing sintering and ore ble.ding,but the testing process for these properties is comple. and has significant lag time,which cannot meet the actual needs of ore ble.ding.A prediction model for the basic high-temperature properties of iron ore fines was thus proposed based on a combination of machine le.rning algorithms and genetic ***,the prediction accuracy of different machine le.rning models for the basic high-temperature properties of iron ore fines was ***,a random forest model optimized by genetic algorithms was built,further improving the prediction accuracy of the *** test results show that the random forest model optimized by genetic algorithms has the highest prediction accuracy for the lowest assimilation temperature and liquid phase fluidity of iron ore,with a determination coefficient of 0.903 for the lowest assimilation temperature and 0.927 for the liquid phase fluidity after *** trained model meets the fluctuation requirements of on-site testing and has been successfully applied to actual production on site.

关键词： Iron ore Basic high-temperature property Machine le.rning Random forest Genetic algorithm

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Unveiling the intrinsic properties of single.NiZnFeO_x entity for promoting ele.trocatalytic oxygen evolution

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Chinese Chemical le.ters 2024年第4期35卷 181-186页

作者： Zhihao Gu Jiabo le.Hehe Wei Zehui sun Mahmoud Elsayed Hafez Wei Ma Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Mole.ular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-Suef 62511Egypt

Although considerable.research efforts have been devoted to the design and development of non-noble.ele.trocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction(OER), substantial enhancement of OER performance with commercial-scale.water ele.trolysis remains a big challe.ge. This could result from the difficulties in detecting the intrinsic properties and overlooking the assembly process for ele.trochemical OER process. Here, we employ a microjet collision method to investigate the intrinsic OER activities of individual NiZnFeO_x entities with and without a moderate magnetic field. Our results demonstrate that single.NiZnFeO_x nanoparticle.(NPs) show the excelle.t OER performance with a lowest onset potential(~1.35 V vs. RHE) and a greatest magnetic enhancement(~118%) among bulk materials, single.agglomerations and NPs. Furthermore, we explore the utility of theoretical investigation by density functional theory(DFT)calculations for studying OER process on NiZnFeO_x surfaces without and with spin alignment, indicating monodispersed NiZnFeO_xNPs with totally spin alignment facilitates the OER process under the external magnetic field. It is found that the well-dispersion of NiZnFeO_x NPs would increase the ele.trical conductivity and the surface spin state, resulting in promoting their OER activities. This work provides a test for uncovering the essential role. of NPs assembly to a significant promotion of their magnet-assisted OER.

关键词： Single.entity OER Magnetic enhancement Ele.trocatalysis Well-dispersion

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Characteristics and quality of clinical practice guidelines for diabetic kidney disease:a systematic review

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 609-619页

作者： WANG Yuhuang ZHANG le.ZHANG Zhengshan YAO Zhi LI Xiyao sun Luying LIAO Xing Department of Nephropathy and Endocrine Dongzhimen HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100010China Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Institute of Basic Research in Clinical MedicineChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100010China Department of Endocrine One Zone Fangshan HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102400China

OBJECTIVE:To assess the quality of Clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)in the context of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)and determine whether any factors affect the ***:We searched eight databases along with five international and national organizations to develop or archive guidelines from their inception to July 2023,with an additional search of *** the authoritative organizations related to *** and consensus statements created using direct differential diagnosis or therapy for DKD were included without language *** quality was evaluated by four reviewers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and EvaluationⅡ(AGREEⅡ)*** with the item and domain scores,the guideline was also allocated an overall quality score,which ranged from 1(lowest possible.quality)to 7(highest possible.quality).Moreover,an overall recommendation for use was also assigned(“recommended”,“recommended with modifications”or“not recommended”).RESULTS:A total of 16 CPGs were included,of which 14 were from Asia and the remaining two from *** two CPGs were updated in the third *** CPGs were recommended for use because their primary domains scored in the medium or high ***,five CPGs were recommended with modifications as the stakeholder involvement,applicability,and editorial independence domains were evaluated as low *** all domains,the lowest average score was for rigour of development(33%),followed by application(36%),and stakeholder involvement(51%).The highest average score was for scope and purpose(79%),followed by clarity of presentation(75%).None of the CPGs considered the patient's viewpoint,and six of 16 CPGs did not use any grading system to translate the evidence into ***,only three of 16 CPGs shared search strategy,and eight of 16 CPGs did not declare a funding ***:According to the AGREE II evaluation,more than one in four CPGs for DKD had poo

关键词： diabetic nephropathies practice guideline appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluation II quality assessment systematic review

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Vision Transformers with Hierarchical Attention

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 670-683页

作者： Yun Liu Yu-Huan Wu Guole. sun le.Zhang Ajad Chhatkuli Luc Van Gool Institute for Infocomm Research(I2R) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Computer Vision Lab ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)Chengdu 611731China

This paper tackle. the high computational/space comple.ity associated with multi-head self-attention(MHSA)in vanilla vision *** this end,we propose hierarchical MHSA(H-MHSA),a novel approach that computes self-attention in a hierarchical ***,we first divide the input image into patches as commonly done,and each patch is viewed as a ***,the proposed H-MHSA le.rns token relationships within local patches,serving as local relationship ***,the small patches are merged into larger ones,and H-MHSA models the global dependencies for the small number of the merged *** last,the local and global attentive features are aggregated to obtain features with powerful representation *** we only calculate attention for a limited number of tokens at each step,the computational load is reduced ***,H-MHSA can efficiently model global relationships among tokens without sacrificing fine-grained *** the H-MHSA module.incorporated,we build a family of hierarchical-attention-based transformer networks,namely *** demonstrate the superiority of HAT-Net in scene understanding,we conduct extensive experiments on fundamental vision tasks,including image classification,semantic segmentation,object detection and instance ***,HAT-Net provides a new perspective for vision *** and pretrained models are available.at https://***/yun-liu/HAT-Net.

关键词： Vision transformer hierarchical attention global attention local attention scene understanding.

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