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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2019年第11期27卷 2788-2798页

作者： Sunel Kumar Zhihua Wang Zhang Kang Jun Xia Ronald Whiddon Yong He jaffri gul-e-rana Zain Ali Saleh Bairq Kefa Cen State Key Laboratory of Clean energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringBrunel University LondonUxbridge UB83PHUK Fuel Research Centre PCSIRKarachi 75280Pakistan College of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The yield of tar and syngas has been investigated by catalytic pyrolysis of Pingzhuang lignite(PZL)over Ca(OH)2 catalyst in temperature range of 600℃-1000℃in a tube *** results show that the yield of volatile pyrolysis increases and char decreases with rising temperature for both raw and catalyzed Pingzhuang *** hydrogen fraction(H2)increased from 20%to 40%for the PZL sample;but,for the PZL-Ca(OH)2 sample,H2 fraction fluctuated randomly between 35%to 42%,with the maximum H2 fraction found at 1000℃.The Gaschromatography mass-spectroscopic(GC-MS)analysis revealed that the maximum tar yield at 800℃and 700℃was obtained for PZL and PZL-Ca(OH)2,*** surface morphology of PZL and PZL-Ca(OH)2 chars underwent different transformation in the presence of catalyst as illustrated by SeM/eDX,FTIR,and BeT ***,char sample was investigated for the carbon conversion and reactivity index using TGA analysis under N2 and CO atmosphere.

关键词： Catalyzed coal pyrolysis Release volatiles of tar and coal gas Surface area Pore volume

混合气气氛下纸浆黑液和钙混合催化剂的催化气化特性(英文)

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燃料化学学报 2008年第4期36卷 406-414页

作者： jaffri gul-e-rana 张济宇福州大学化学工程技术研究所福建福州350002

采用热重法在单一和混合催化剂（即3%钙和5%钠-黑液单一催化剂及一种3%钙和5%钠-黑液混合催化剂）,温度750℃-950℃及常压条件下对三种高变质无烟煤（福建龙岩、丰海和尤溪煤）研究了混合气气化过程中对碳转化率、气化反应速率及有害污... 详细信息

采用热重法在单一和混合催化剂（即3%钙和5%钠-黑液单一催化剂及一种3%钙和5%钠-黑液混合催化剂）,温度750℃-950℃及常压条件下对三种高变质无烟煤（福建龙岩、丰海和尤溪煤）研究了混合气气化过程中对碳转化率、气化反应速率及有害污染含硫气体相对量的催化效应。纸浆黑液和钙混合催化剂具有两者的的协同作用,在混合气气化过程中,3%钙和5%钠-黑液混合催化剂可极大地增加碳转化率和气化反应速率系由于该混合催化剂碱性表面化合物[—COM]、[—CO2M]及可交换的钙酚盐和羧酸钙[（—COO）2Ca]的存在加速了反应C＋2CO2=2CO和C＋H2O→CO＋H2的结果,且这一催化作用比水蒸气气化过程更强烈。通过添加碳酸钙于纸浆黑液催化剂的气化方法,除去促进催化剂功效和增加碳转化率以外,也可达到有效的脱硫作用,但是这一较好的操作温度需低于900℃。

关键词：混合催化剂钙黑液热重分析法混合气催化气化含硫气体

(Sm/eu/Tm)^(3+) doped tantalum semiconductor system for photovoltaic and electrochemical functionality amplification

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Journal of Rare earths 2024年第8期42卷 1586-1594,I0007页

作者： Shaan Bibi jaffri Khuram Shahzad Ahmad Isaac Abrahams Ibrahim A.A Materials and environmental Chemistry Lab Lab-E21Department of Environmental SciencesFatima Jinnah Women UniversityRawalpindiPakistan School of Physical and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

This work reports the synthesis,characterization,and energy focused applications of the novel lanthanides co-doped tantalum pentoxide hetero-system(Sm^(3+)-eu^(3+)-Tm^(3+):Ta_(2)O_(5)).Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) express excellent opto-electronic features reflected by the narrow band gap energy of 3.87 *** vibrations confirm the presence of Ta-O-Ta and Ta-O *** synthesized system possesses orthorhombic geometry with 59.46 nm particle *** the smoother and compact morphology,the synthesized material succeeds in augmenting the performance of different systems aimed at energy *** ambient perovskite solar cell device fabricated with the Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) as an electron transport layer excels in achieving an efficiency and fill factor of 14.17% and 76% under artificial *** device was marked by the negligible hysteresis behavior showing profound photovoltaic *** electrochemical activity of the Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) decorated electrode was evaluated for electrical charge storage potential with pseudocapacitive behavior,With the highest specific capacitance of 355.39 F/g and quicker ionic diffusion rate,the designed electrode excels conventionally used ***-catalysis of water with Ln^(3+)-doped Ta_(2)O_(5) material indicates its capacity for H_(2) production with the lowest overpotential and Tafel slope values of 148 and 121.2 mV/dec,while the O_(2) generation is comparatively *** the stable electrochemical output,this rare earth modified material has the potential to replace conventionally used environmentally perilous and costly materials.

关键词： Lanthanide doping Rare earth materials Perovskite solar cells Supercapacitors Water splitting

Investigation on Steam Gasification of High-metamorphous Anthracite Using Mixed Black Liquor and Calcium Catalyst

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2008年第4期16卷 575-583页

作者： gul-e-rana jaffri 张济宇 Institute of Chemical engineering and Technology Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China

The catalytic effects of single and mixed catalysts, i.e. single 3%Ca and 5%Na-BL（black liquor） catalysts and mixed 3%Ca＋5%Na-BL catalyst, on carbon conversion, gasification reaction rate constant and activation energy, relative amount of harmful pollutant like sulphur containing gases have been investigated by thermogravimetry in steam gasification under temperature 750℃ to 950℃ at ambient pressure for three high-metarnorphous anthracites （Longyan, Fenghai and Youxia coals in Fujian Province）. The mixed catalyst of 3%Ca＋5%Na-BL increases greatly the carbon conversion and gasification rate constant by accelerating the gasification reaction C＋H2O→CO＋H2 due to presence of alkali surfacecompounds [COM], [CO2M] and exchanged calcium phenolate and calcium carboxylate （-COO）2. By adding CaCO3 into BL catalyst in gasification, in addition to improving the catalyst function and enhancing the carbon conversion, the effective desulphurization is also achieved, but the better operating temperature should be below 900℃. The homogenous and shrinking core models can be successfully employed to correlate the relations between the conversion and the gasification .time .and to estimate the reaction rate constant, The reaction acUvaUon energy and pre-exponential factor are estimated and the activation energy for mixed catalyst is in a range of 98.72-166.92 kJ·mol^-1, much less than 177.50-196.46 kJ·mol^-1 for non-catalytic steam gasification for three experimental coals.

关键词： mixed catalyst calcium black liquor thermogravimetry steam gasification kinetics sulphur containing gas

Catalytic Activity of the Black Liquor and Calcium Mixture in CO2 Gasification of Fujian Anthracite

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2007年第5期15卷 670-679页

作者： gul-e-rana jaffri 张济宇 Institute of Chemical engineering and Technology Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China

CO2 gasification of Fuijian high-metamorphous anthracite with black liquor （BL） and/or mixture of BL and calcium stuff （BL＋Ca） as catalyst was studied by using a thermogravimetry under 750-950℃ at ambient pressure. When the coal was impregnated with an appropriate quantity of Ca and BL mixture, the catalytic activity of CO2 gasification was enhanced obviously. With a loading of 8%Na-BL＋2%Ca, the carbon conversion of three coal samples tested reaches up to 92.9%-99.3% at 950℃ within 30min. The continuous formation of alkali surface compounds such as （[-COM], [-CO2M]） and the presence of exchanged Ca, such as calcium phenolate and calcium carboxylates （COO）2Ca, contribute to the increase in catalytic efficiency, and using BL＋Ca is more efficient than that adding BL only, The homogeneous model and shrinking-core model were applied to correlate the data of conversion with time and to estimate the reaction rate constants under different temperature. The corresponding reaction activation energy （ea） and pre-exponential factor of three anthracites were estimated. It is found that ea is in the range from 73.6 to 121.4kJ·mol^-1 in the case of BL＋Ca, and 74.3 to 104.2kJ·mol^-1 when only BL was used as the catalyst, both of which are much less than that from 143.5 to 181.4kJ·mol^-1 if no catalyst used. It is clearly demonstrated that both of BL＋Ca mixture and BL could be the source of cheap and effective catalyst for coal gasification.

关键词： thermogravimetry black liquor calcium catalytic gasification high-metamorphous anthracite reaction kinetics

巴基斯坦Lakhra和Thar褐煤半焦的水蒸气催化气化(英文)

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燃料化学学报 2009年第1期37卷 11-19页

作者： jaffri G R 张济宇福州大学化学工程技术研究所福建福州350002

采用热重法在常压与700℃～900℃条件下的水蒸气气化过程，对两种巴基斯坦Lakhra和Thar褐煤半焦进行了单一和混合催化剂（即3％钙和5％钠-黑液单一催化剂及一种3％钙和5％钠-黑液混合催化剂）对碳转化率、气化反应速率常数及活化能、有... 详细信息

采用热重法在常压与700℃～900℃条件下的水蒸气气化过程，对两种巴基斯坦Lakhra和Thar褐煤半焦进行了单一和混合催化剂（即3％钙和5％钠-黑液单一催化剂及一种3％钙和5％钠-黑液混合催化剂）对碳转化率、气化反应速率常数及活化能、有害污染含硫气体相对量的催化效应研究。两者Lakhra和Thar褐煤半焦经直接气化就可获得高的碳转化率，但采用纸浆黑液催化剂可使气化速率变得很快。含灰高的Thar褐煤半焦在纸浆黑液催化气化过程更易生成一些复杂的硅酸盐，从而导致比含灰低的Lakhra褐煤半焦出现一个更低的转化率。在水蒸气气化过程由半焦和纸浆黑液自身所产生的SO2和H2S含硫气体可为存在于纸浆黑液中的Ca盐所捕获而完成脱硫过程，但这一过程在低于900℃时更有效。缩芯模型（SCM）可较好地用来关联转化率与时间的关系并给出不同温度下的反应速率常数矗。基于阿累尼乌斯方程预测了反应活化能ea和指前因子A。在纸浆黑液和钙混合催化及纸浆黑液催化剂时，Lakhra褐煤半焦的ea分别为44．7kJ／mol和59．6kJ／mol明显小于Thar褐煤半焦的ea=114．6kJ/mol和ea=100．8kJ／mol，同样也小于无催化剂纯半焦气化时Lakhra褐煤半焦的ea=161．2kJ/mol和Thar半焦的ea=124．8kJ／mol。

关键词：巴基斯坦褐煤半焦钙加黑液混合催化剂热重分析法水蒸气气化动力学含硫气体

Study on the estrous Cycle Regularity of Cryopreserved Rat Ovarian Tissues after Heterotopic Transplantation

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第5期6卷 293-298页

作者： Rumana Jafarey Syed Ali Rehan Shah jaffri Reproductive Medical Centre Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China Federal Board of Revenue Islamabad Pakistan

Objective: To evaluate the re-initiation of ovarian function in cryopreserved ovarian grafts by means of vaginal smear of transplant rats. Methods: A total of 40 SPF-SD female rats (5 - 6 week-old) were randomly divided into three groups (blank control, castration control and transplant group). Ovaries were removed by surgical procedure then after cryopreservation and thawing procedures the ovarian tissues pushed inside the back muscles gap in transplant group. On the first PO day, vaginal smear collection was daily initiated. After 30 days, the PO day when the estrous cycle was re-initiated was considered for analysis as well as the estrous days and the number of estrous cycles. Results: Normal control group had a regular estrous cycle, while the transplant group had an estrous cycle disorder within first 2 weeks and later 2 weeks after the transplantation while the duration of diestrus cycle lasted longer. At the same time, the castration group had lost the normal estrous cycle, keeping continue in the stage of diestrus. Conclusion: In transplanted animals the re-initiated ovarian function can be predicted with alteration between estrous and diestrus phases with predominant estrous irregularity. Moreover, short autotransplanted graft duration needs time to perfuse by new blood vessels and hormone secretions, so could not directly affect its target organs to function properly.

关键词： Transplantation Cryopreservation Thawing Vaginal Smear Ovarian Tissue Rats

热重法福建无烟煤二氧化碳催化气化的研究(英文)

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燃料化学学报 2007年第2期35卷 129-135页

作者： jaffri G R 张济宇福州大学化学过程技术研究所福建福州350002

采用纸浆黑液为催化剂在一热重分析仪中及常压与750℃-950℃下进行了福建无烟煤二氧化碳催化气化的研究以给出催化剂浓度,即在不同3%、5%、8%、10%-钠-黑液添加量时对碳转化率的影响。实验表明,在750℃-950℃催化剂浓度8%-钠-黑液添加... 详细信息

采用纸浆黑液为催化剂在一热重分析仪中及常压与750℃-950℃下进行了福建无烟煤二氧化碳催化气化的研究以给出催化剂浓度,即在不同3%、5%、8%、10%-钠-黑液添加量时对碳转化率的影响。实验表明,在750℃-950℃催化剂浓度8%-钠-黑液添加量的催化活性比其他浓度更好。在反应控制条件下测定了三种福建高变质无烟煤的碳转化率与气化反应时间的关系。应用均相模型和缩芯模型分别关联了这三种煤的转化率与时间的关系并得出不同温度下的反应速率常数k,进而采用阿累尼乌斯方程预测了实验所用三种煤的反应活化能ea和指前因子A。在适宜催化剂浓度8%-钠-黑液添加量时,其ea=76.18kJ/mol-104.22kJ/mol明显小于无催化剂纯煤气化时的ea=150.93kJ/mol-185.44kJ/mol数值范围,这明显地表明纸浆黑液是一个廉价和有效的煤气化催化剂。

关键词：热重分析法黑液催化气化高变质无烟煤反应动力学

Landfill Sites Identification Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Method: A Case Study of Intermediate City of Punjab, Pakistan

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2016年第1期8卷 40-49页

作者： Adeel Ahmad Umar Javaid Muhammad Asif Javed Sajid Rashid Ahmad Muhammad Abbas jaffri Mudassar Ashfaq College of earth and environmental Sciences University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan MM Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited Lahore Pakistan Ministry of Rural Affairs Al-Dulemia Saudi Arabia

escalation in population over time triggered the abrupt exploitation of natural resources for human survival trough industrialization that ultimately caused splendid increase in the waste generation. This industrial development resulted in the migration of rural community toward urban areas. Management of urban waste is a great challenge for the urban administration. However, technologies have been developed to manage the waste in environmental friendly and sustainable manner. Sanitary landfill sites are one of the latest methods of disposing the municipal solid waste in an environment friendly and sustainable manner. Government and administrative authorities are adopting this technology for the management of urban solid waste. Present study is about identifying landfill sites for the Sahiwal city with an area of 1160 square kilometer and projected population of 1.57 million persons in 2016. Geographical Information System (GIS) is used for the identification of appropriate landfill site (LFS) that can fulfill the need of city in future and is selected based on the sustainable and eco-friendly criteria. The criteria are developed keeping in view the proximity from several land-use features i.e. water bodies, roads, settlements, agricultural land, bare land and existing disposal sites. The weights of the criteria are quantified using pair-wise comparison method in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The weights are incorporated in GIS spatial data environment and are assigned to proximity threshold of each criterion. Ultimately a map for each criterion is developed highlighting suitable, least suitable, less suitable and un-suitable areas with respect to each specific criterion. These maps are spatially overlaid which result in a final map that identifies most suitable landfill sites for solid waste disposal. The five identified sites are then prioritized based on their distances from the city center and area available. All identified sites are on the bare land and con

关键词： Urbanization Urban Waste Landfill Site (LFS) GIS Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)