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Relationships between Pathological Patterns and Vocal Qualities Estimated by Acoustic Parameters

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第5期21卷 346-354页

作者： Young-Jae park Young-Bae park Department of Diagnosis and Biofunctional Medicine College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee University Department of Diagnosis and Biofunctional Medicine Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong

Objective： To examine whether vocal characteristics estimated by acoustic parameters were associated with phlegm, yin deficiency, or cold-heat patterns. Methods： A total of 75 college students （males：females = 53：22） aged 19-24 years were enrolled in this study. Each subject was asked to complete the phlegm pattern questionnaire （PPQ）, yin deficiency questionnaire （YDQ） and cold-heat questionnaire （CHQ）. For the acoustic analysis, each subject was asked to produce a sustained vowel sound （/a/） for 3 s to be used to calculate acoustic parameters. Then, habitual fundamental frequency （F0）, jitter, shimmer, F0 tremor, mean F0, standard deviation of F0, maximum F0, minimum F0, normalized noise energy, harmonic-to-noise ratio, signal-to-noise ratio, amplitude tremor, and power ratio were calculated using the Dr. Speech software. Finally, four hierarchical regression models with pattern questionnaire scores as dependent variables were formed to examine which factors among acoustic parameters, sex, and age were predictive of those pattern scores. Results： PPQ, YDQ, heat, and cold pattern scores all formed significant regression model equations and the adjusted R2 values were 0.281, 0.164, 0.156, and 0.170, respectively. There were aging effects in the PPQ and YDQ models （standardized β =0.199, 0.271, respectively）. Vocal tremor-related Fo tremor and vocal ringing-related power ratio parameters were associated with PPQ and YDQ scores. Gender was directly predictive of PPQ and indirectly moderated the relationship between power ratio and YDQ score. Vocal pitch- related habitual F0 and mean F0 were associated with heat and cold scores. These results indicate that the vocal qualities of phlegm- and yin deficiency-susceptible subjects tend to be ringing and less tremorous, and those of heat- and cold-susceptible subjects tend to be high-pitched. Conclusion： Our study results suggest that vocal characteristics estimated by acoustic parameters are partially predictive of phlegm,

关键词： Chinese medicine syndrome oriental medicine acoustic parameters

GENERAL DECAY FOR A QUASILINEAR SYSTEM OF VISCOELASTIC EQUATIONS WITH NONLINEAR DAMPING

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2012年第4期32卷 1321-1332页

作者： Jong Yeoul park Sun Hye park Department of Mathematics Pusan National UniversityBusan 609-735 South Korea

In this paper, we consider a system of coupled quasilinear viscoelastic equa- tions with nonlinear damping. We use the perturbed energy method to show the general decay rate estimates of energy of solutions, which extends some existing results concerning a general decay for a single equation to the case of system, and a nonlinear system of viscoelastic wave equations to a quasilinear system.

关键词： general decay coupled quasilinear equations viscoelastic equations perturbed energy method

Development of a cloud condensation nuclei(CCN)counter using a laser and charge-coupled device(CCD)camera

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第3期5卷 313-319页

作者： Mikyung park Jinkwan OH Kihong park School of Environmental Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 500-712The Republic of Korea

A continuous flow streamwise thermal gradientcloud condensation nuclei(CCN)counter with anaerosol focusing and a laser-charge-coupled device(CCD)camera detector system was developed *** countingperformance of the laser-CCD camera detector system wasevaluated by comparing its measured number concentrationswith those measured with a condensation particlecounter(CPC)using polystyrene latex(PSL)and NaClparticles of varying *** CCD camera parameters(***,gain,gamma,and exposure time)wereoptimized to detect moving particles in the sensing volumeand to provide the best image to count *** CCNcounter worked well in the particle number concentrationrange of 0.6-8000#·cm^(-3)and the minimum detectablesize was found to be 0.5μ*** supersaturation in theCCN counter with varying temperature difference wasdetermined by using size-selected sodium chloride particlesbased on Köhler *** developed CCNcounter was applied to investigate CCN activity ofatmospheric ultrafine particles at 0.5%*** showed that CCN activity increased with increasingparticle size and that the higher CCN activation forultrafine particles occurred in the afternoon,suggesting thesignificant existence of hygroscopic or soluble species inphotochemically-produced ultrafine particles.

关键词： aerosol cloud condensation nuclei(CCN)counter ultrafine particle

Empathic Responses of Behavioral-Synchronization in Human-Agent Interaction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3761-3784页

作者： Sung park Seongeon park Mincheol Whang Savannah College of Art and Design SavannahGA31401USA Sangmyung University Seoul03016Korea

Artificial entities,such as virtual agents,have become more *** long-term presence among humans requires the virtual agent’s ability to express appropriate emotions to elicit the necessary empathy from the *** empathy involves behavioral mimicry,a synchronized co-movement between dyadic ***,the characteristics of such synchrony between humans and virtual agents remain unclear in empathic *** study evaluates the participant’s behavioral synchronization when a virtual agent exhibits an emotional expression congruent with the emotional context through facial expressions,behavioral gestures,and *** viewed an emotion-eliciting video stimulus(negative or positive)with a virtual *** participants then conversed with the virtual agent about the video,such as how the participant felt about the *** virtual agent expressed emotions congruent with the video or neutral emotion during the *** participants’facial expressions,such as the facial expressive intensity and facial muscle movement,were measured during the dialog using a *** results showed the participants’significant behavioral synchronization(i.e.,cosine similarity≥.05)in both the negative and positive emotion conditions,evident in the participant’s facial mimicry with the virtual ***,the participants’facial expressions,both movement and intensity,were significantly stronger in the emotional virtual agent than in the neutral virtual *** particular,we found that the facial muscle intensity of AU45(Blink)is an effective index to assess the participant’s synchronization that differs by the individual’s empathic capability(low,mid,high).Based on the results,we suggest an appraisal criterion to provide empirical conditions to validate empathic interaction based on the facial expression measures.

关键词： Facial emotion recognition facial expression virtual agent virtual human embodied conversational agent empathy human-computer interaction

An Investigation on Open-RAN Specifications:Use Cases,Security Threats,Requirements,Discussions

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 13-41页

作者： Heejae park Tri-HaiNguyen Laihyuk park Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul01811Republic of Korea Faculty of Information Technology School of TechnologyVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City70000Vietnam

The emergence of various technologies such as terahertz communications,Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces(RIS),and AI-powered communication services will burden network operators with rising infrastructure ***,the Open Radio Access Network(O-RAN)has been introduced as a solution for growing financial and operational burdens in Beyond 5G(B5G)and 6G networks.O-RAN promotes openness and intelligence to overcome the limitations of traditional *** disaggregating conventional Base Band Units(BBUs)into O-RAN Distributed Units(O-DU)and O-RAN Centralized Units(O-CU),O-RAN offers greater flexibility for upgrades and network ***,this openness introduces new security challenges compared to traditional *** existing studies overlook these security requirements of the O-RAN *** gain deeper insights into the O-RAN system and security,this paper first provides an overview of the general O-RAN architecture and its diverse use cases relevant to B5G and 6G *** then delve into specifications of O-RAN security threats and requirements,aiming to mitigate security vulnerabilities *** providing a comprehensive understanding of O-RAN architecture,use cases,and security considerations,thisworkserves as a valuable resource for future research in O-RAN and its security.

关键词： O-RAN architecture use cases security issues security requirements security discussions

Use of drilling performance to improve rock-breakage efficiencies:A part of mine-to-mill optimization studies in a hard-rock mine

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第2期30卷 179-188页

作者： Junhyeok park Kwangmin Kim Department of Mining and Geological Engineering University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

In a hard-rock mine,blasting is an important rock-breakage process that impacts energy consumption both in downstream comminution processes and mine *** the blast fragmentation to improve rock-breakage efficiencies during crushing and grinding is key to mine-to-mill(MTM)*** study explores the use of monitoring while drilling(MWD)data to achieve this *** penetration rates(PRs)were extracted from blastholes to estimate intact rock properties and predict the breakage efficiencies that directly affect comminution energy *** intact rock properties,tensile strength(TS)and Bond work index(BWI),were correlated with the PR data to predict these efficiencies in crushing and grinding,*** of the complexity of the raw MWD data and effects of various disturbances,the MWD data was preprocessed and normalized to achieve a representative PR value at each *** preprocessing entailed defining valid PR ranges from the MWD data that could eliminate the noise related to discontinuity features in the rock mass structure as well as errors in operator *** PR data was also normalized using the adjusted penetration rate(APR)to minimize the effects of mechanical factors such as drill feed force,torque,and rotational *** correlate the representative APR value with intact rock properties,TS and BWI,various laboratory experiments were conducted:drilling tests using a high-precision coring machine,Brazilian disc tests,and Bond grindability *** on the results of these experiments,models were developed to predict rock-breakage efficiencies during crushing and grinding based on *** result of this study can be used to obtain blast energy designs that consider comminution energy consumption and efficiency in the downstream rock-breakage processes.

关键词： Monitoring while drilling(MWD) Mine-to-mill(MTM)optimization Rock-breakage efficiency Drilling penetration rates

The Betti Numbers of Real Toric Varieties Associated to Weyl Chambers of Type B

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第6期38卷 1213-1222页

作者： Suyoung CHOI Boram park Hanchul park Department of Mathematics Ajou University School of Mathematics Korea Institute for Advanced Study

The authors compute the(rational) Betti number of real toric varieties associated to Weyl chambers of type B, and furthermore show that their integral cohomology is p-torsion free for all odd primes p.

关键词： Real toric variety Real toric manifold Betti number Torsion-free cohomology Root system Weyl chambers Type B Generalized Euler number Springernumber Shellability

B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed sp3 C-Si Bond Forming Consecutive Reactions

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2019年第10期37卷 1057-1071页

作者： Sehoon park Department of Chemistry Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of TechnologyShantouGuangdong 515063China

Transition metal-catalyzed hydrosilylation is one of the most widely utilized reduction methods as an alternative to hydrogenation in academia and *** feature distinct from hydrogenation would be able to install sp3 C—Si bond(s)onto substrates skeleton vio hydrosilylation of ***,B(C6F5)3 with hydrosilanes has been demonstrated to be an efficient,metal-free catalyst system for the consecutive transformation of heteroatom-containing substrates accompanied by the formation of sp3 C—Si bond(s),which has not been realized thus far under the transition meta卜catalyzed hydrosilylative *** this review,I outline the B(C6F5)3-mediated consecutive hydrosilylations of heteroarenes containing quinolines,pyridines,and furans,and of conjugated nitriles/imines to provide a new family of compounds having sp?C—Si bond(s)with high chemo-,regio-and/or *** silylative cascade conversion of unactivated A/-aryl piperidines to sila-/V-heterocycles catalyzed by B(C6F5)3 involving consecutive dehydrogenation,hydrosilylation,and intramolecular C(sp2)—H silylation,is presented in another *** selectivity and mechanism of the boron catalysis focused on the sp3 C—Si bond formation are highlighted.

关键词： catalyzed hydrogenation boron

Approaches for enhancing the photocatalytic activities of barium titanate:A review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 160-188,I0004页

作者： Gopal Panthi Mira park Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center Woosuk UniversityWanjuChonbuk 55338Republic of Korea Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care(WSCLC)Woosuk UniversityWanjuChonbuk 55338Republic of Korea

Barium titanate(Ba TiO_(3)),a dielectric/ferroelectric semiconductor with perovskite structures is the most widely used photocatalyst in the field of environmental applications due to its low-cost,chemical stability,and *** types and forms of Ba TiO_(3)have shown their great potential toward the significant photocatalytic reactions owing to the several beneficial properties,including appropriate band positions,high oxygen vacancies,multiple crystal structures,the feasibility of size and morphology tailoring,spontaneous polarization,rapid migration of photogenerated charge carriers,and band ***,the large band gap and recombination of photogenerated charge carriers limit the overall photocatalytic efficiency of Ba TiO_(3).These difficulties can be further overcome by modifying the electronic band structure of Ba TiO_(3)to broaden its absorption to the visible region of the ***,this review encompasses various strategies,including modification of sizes and morphologies of particles by varying the reaction time and synthesis temperature,doping with non-metals/metals,loading with noble metals,and forming heterojunctions for enhancing the photocatalytic activities of Ba TiO_(3)-based photocatalysts possessing the effective capability of charge carrier separation,trapping and their transfer to the surface of ***,this review highlights the photocatalytic applications of Ba TiO_(3)-based photocatalysts along with the proposed mechanism in dyes/drugs degradation,H_(2)production,and bacteria killing.

关键词： Electrospinning BaTiO_(3)-photocatalyst Ferroelectricity Heterojunction Environmental remediation