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Diurnal Variation of Tropical Convection during TOGA COARE IOP

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2005年第5期22卷 685-702页

作者： jae-young byon Gyu-Ho LIM School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University Seoul South KoreaSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University Seoul South Korea

Diurnal variation of tropical convection and kinematic and thermodynamic conditions was investigated for different large-scale environments of the convectively active and inactive periods by using satellite observations and surface measurements during the Intensive Observation Period （IOP） of the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere/Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment （TOGA/COARE）. During the convectively active period, the features of nocturnal convection appear in vertical profiles of convergence, vertical velocity, heat source, and moisture sink. The specific humidity increases remarkably in the middle troposphere at dawn. On the other hand, the altitude of maximum convergence and that of the upward motion is lower during the convectively inactive period. The specific humidity peaks in the lower troposphere in the daytime and decreases in the middle troposphere. Spectral analyses of the time series of the infrared （IR） brightness temperature （TBB） and amounts of rainfall suggest multiscale temporal variation with a prominent diurnal cycle over land and oceanic regions such as the Intensive Flux Array （IFA） and the South Pacific Convergence Zone （SPCZ）. Over land, the daily maximum of deep convection associated with cloud top temperature less than 208 K appears at midnight due to the daytime radiative heating and the sea-land breeze. Over the ocean, convection usually tends to occur at dawn for the convectively active period while in the afternoon during the inactive period. Comparing the diurnal variation of convection with large-scale variables, the authors inferred that moisture in the middle troposphere contributes mostly to the development of nocturnal convection over the ocean during the convectively active period.

关键词： diurnal variation tropical convection rainfall large-scale environment

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Adenosine triphosphate-binding pocket inhibitor for mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein attenuated alcoholic liver disease via necroptosis-independent pathway

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第6期31卷 44-61页

作者： Han-Ning Xuan Yuan Hyun Sung Kim Gye Ryeol Park jae Eun Ryu Ji Eun Kim In young Kang Hye young Kim Seung Min Lee Ju Hee Oh Eileen L Yoon Dae Won Jun Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University School of MedicineSeoul 04763South Korea Department of Pathology Hanyang University School of MedicineSeoul 04763South Korea Department of Translational Medicine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul 04763South Korea Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Institute of Women’s Medical Life ScienceYonsei Cancer CenterSeverance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 04763South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Sanggye Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineSeoul 01757South Korea

BACKGROUND Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein(MLKL)serves as a critical mediator in necroptosis,a form of regulated cell death linked to various liver *** study aims to specifically investigate the role of MLKL’s adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-binding pocket in facilitating necroptosis-independent pathways that may contribute to liver disease *** focusing on this mechanism,we seek to identify potential therapeutic targets that can modulate MLKL activity,offering new strategies for the prevention and treatment of liver-related *** To investigate the possibility of using the ATP-binding pocket-associated,necro-ptosis-independent MLKL pathway as a target for liver *** Cell death following necroptosis stimuli was evaluated using cell proliferation assays,flow cytometry,and electron microscopy in various *** human liver organoid system was used to evaluate whether the MLKL ATP pocket-binding inhibitor could attenuate ***,alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases animal models were used to determine whether MLKL ATP pocket inhibitors could attenuate liver *** While an MLKL ATP pocket-binding inhibitor did not prevent necroptosis-induced cell death in RAW 264.7 cells,it did reduce the necroptosis-led expression of CXCL2,ICAM,and ***,MLKL ATP pocket inhibitor diminishes the expression of CXCL2,ICAM,and VCAM by inhibiting the IκB kinase and nuclear factor kappa-B pathways without inducing necroptosis-induced cell death in two-dimensional cell culture as well as the human-derived liver organoid *** MLKL ATP-binding inhibitor was ineffective in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease animal models,MLKL ATP-binding inhibitor attenuated hepatic inflammation in the alcoholic liver disease *** MLKL ATP pocket-binding inhibitor exerted anti-inflammatory effects through the necroptosis-independent MLKL pathway in an animal model of alcoholic liver disease.

关键词： RAW 264.7 cell Cell death Necroptosis Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein adenosine triphosphate binding inhibitor Alcoholic liver disease

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Novel transparent high-entropy sesquioxide ceramics with high physicochemical plasma etching resistance

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JOURNAL OF ADVANCED CERAMICS 2025年第1期14卷 163-176页

作者： Shin, Yu-Bin Ham, Su Been Kim, Ha-Neul Kim, Mi-Ju Ko, jae-Woong Lee, jae-Wook Park, young-Jo Kim, Jung-Hyung Lee, Hyo-Chang Jung, young Hwa Lee, Jung Woo Ma, Ho Jin Korea Inst Mat Sci Nano Mat Res Div Chang Won 51508 Gyeongsangnam South Korea Pusan Natl Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Pusan 46241 South Korea Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci Semicond Integrated Metrol Team Daejeon 34113 South Korea Korea Aerosp Univ Dept Semicond Sci Engn & Technol Goyang 10540 South Korea Korea Aerosp Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Goyang 10540 South Korea Pohang Accelerator Lab PLS II Beamline Div Pohang 37673 South Korea

High-entropy ceramics exhibit novel intrinsic properties. Hence, they have been explored for a wide range of applications ranging from thermal insulation and energy storage to advanced optical components. Recently, the semiconductor industry has faced a demand for higher-performance chips, necessitating higher aspect ratios in wafer fabrication and further miniaturization of linewidths. Therefore, novel materials with high plasma etching resistance and minimal contaminant generation are needed. The plasma-etching resistance displayed by high-entropy ceramics can be an innovative solution to this emerging challenge. In this study, we successfully fabricated single-phase high-entropy sesquioxide ceramics with high optical transparency, dense microstructure, and minimal residual pores. A structural analysis of the fabricated samples revealed a single-phase structure with excellent phase homogeneity. An evaluation of the plasma-etching resistance of high-entropy ceramics revealed for the first time a low etching rate of 8 nm/h compared with that of conventional plasma-resistant materials. These comprehensive characterizations of high-entropy ceramics indicate that they are promising candidates for significantly improving the production yield of semiconductors and for a wide range of potential applications, such as next-generation active optical ceramics.

关键词： high-entropy ceramics plasma etching resistance transparent ceramics sintering semiconductor manufacturing

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Distributional Methods for a Class of Functional Equations and Their Stabilities

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第11期23卷 2017-2026页

作者： jae young CHUNG Department of Mathematics Kunsan National UniversityKunsan 573-701South Korea

We consider a class of n-dimensional Pompeiu equations and that of Pexider equations and their Hyers Ulam stability problems in the spaces of Schwartz distributions. First, reducing the given distribution version of functional equations to differential equations we find their solutions. Secondly, using approximate identities we prove the Hyers Ulam stability of the equations.

关键词： Pompeiu equations Pexider equations distributions Hyers Ulam stability

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Stability of a Generalized Quadratic Functional Equation in Schwartz Distributions

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2009年第9期25卷 1459-1468页

作者： jae-young CHUNG Department of Mathematics Kunsan National University Kunsan 573-701 Republic of Korea

We consider the Hyers-Ulam stability problem of the generalized quadratic functional equationuoA＋voB-2woP1 - 2ko P2 =0, which is a distributional version of the classical generalized quadratic functional equation f（... 详细信息

关键词： Hyers-Ulam stability generalized quadratic functional equation distribution heat kernel

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Comparison of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestions of thermal hydrolysis pretreated swine manure: Process performance,microbial communities and energy balance

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 222-233页

作者： Xiaohui Liu Changmin Lee jae young Kim Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of swine manure (SM) commonly shows low biogas output and unsatisfactory economic performance. In this study, thermophilic AD (TAD, 50±1℃) was combined with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP, 170℃/10 bar), to investigate its potential for maximizing biogas yield, securing successful digestion and microbial diversity, as well as improving energy balance. Four lab-scale continuously stirred tank reactors were operated for 300 days and compared with each other, i.e., reactor 1 (raw SM fed in mesophilic AD:RSM-MAD), reactor 2 (THP-treated SM fed in MAD:TSM-MAD), reactor 3 (RSM-TAD),and reactor 4 (TSM-TAD). The results showed that THP was efficient to increase methane production of SM, TSM-TAD mode led to the highest methane yield (129.8±40.5 mL-CH_(4)/gVS/day) among the tests (p 700 mg/L) or volatile fatty acids (> 6000 mg/L) accumulation compared with MAD in start-up phase, TSM-TAD treatment mode behaved a sustainable digestion process in a long-term operation. For TSM-TAD scenario, higher Shannon–Weaver (3.873) and lower Simpson index (0.061) indicated this mode ensured and enlarged the diversity of bacteria communities. Phylum Bathyarchaeota was dominant (59.3%-90.0%) in archaea community,followed by Euryarchaeota in the four reactors. RSM-MAD treatment mode achieved the highest energy output (4.65 GJ/day), TSM-TAD was less effective (-17.38 GJ/day) due to increased energy demands. Thus improving the energetic efficiency of THP units is recommended for the development of TSM-TAD treatment mode.

关键词： Thermal hydrolysis pretreatment Digestion temperature Process performances Microbial communities Energy balance

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Primordial germ cell-mediated transgenesis and genome editing in birds

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 257-267页

作者： jae Yong Han young Hyun Park Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University Institute for Biomedical Sciences Shinshu University

Transgenesis and genome editing in birds are based on a unique germline transmission system using primordial germ cells(PGCs), which is quite different from the mammalian transgenic and genome editing system. PGCs are progenitor cells of gametes that can deliver genetic information to the next generation. Since avian PGCs were first discovered in nineteenth century, there have been numerous efforts to reveal their origin, specification, and unique migration pattern, and to improve germline transmission efficiency. Recent advances in the isolation and in vitro culture of avian PGCs with genetic manipulation and genome editing tools enable the development of valuable avian models that were unavailable before. However, many challenges remain in the production of transgenic and genome-edited birds,including the precise control of germline transmission, introduction of exogenous genes, and genome editing in ***, establishing reliable germline-competent PGCs and applying precise genome editing systems are critical current issues in the production of avian models. Here, we introduce a historical overview of avian PGCs and their application, including improved techniques and methodologies in the production of transgenic and genome-edited birds, and we discuss the future potential applications of transgenic and genome-edited birds to provide opportunities and benefits for humans.

关键词： Avian Genome editing Primordial germ cell Transgenesis

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Evaluation the Properties of Titanium Matrix Composites by Melting Route Synthesis

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2008年第1期24卷 105-109页

作者： Bong-jae Choi Si-young Sung Myoung-Gyun Kim young-Jig Kim Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Sungkyunkwan University SuwonKorea Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Sungkyunkwan University SuwonKorea Materials & Processing Engineering CenterR&D DivisionKorea Automotive Technology InstituteChonanChungnamKorea Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology Pohang Korea

The main purpose of this study is an in-situ synthesis of （TiB＋TiC） hybrid titanium matrix composites （TMCs） by vacuum induction melting method and to verify its mechanical *** melting route was adopted to synthesize the commercial pure titanium （cp Ti） and granular boron carbide （B-4C）.The reinforcements,the fraction of 10 ***,were formed by adding 1.88 wt pct B-4C to cp *** in-situ synthesis of TMCs,electron probe micro-analysis elemental mapping was carried out to confirm the distribution and shape of *** cone-on-disk type sliding wear test was also done for the identification of *** is concluded that （TiB＋TiC） hybrid TMCs can be in-situ synthesized and has better wear properties than H13.

关键词： Titanium matrix composites H13 In-situ Wear

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Development of genome engineering technologies in cattle: from random to specific

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 285-293页

作者： Soo-young Yum Ki-young Youn Woo-jae Choi Goo Jang Department of Veterinary Clinical Science College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science Seoul National University Farm Animal Clinical Training and Research Center Institute of Green Bio Science Technology Seoul National University Emergence Center for Food-Medicine Personalized Therapy System Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology Seoul National University College of Veterinary Medicine Seoul National University

The production of transgenic farm animals(e.g., cattle) via genome engineering for the gain or loss of gene functions is an important undertaking. In the initial stages of genome engineering, DNA micro-injection into one-cell stage embryos(zygotes) followed by embryo transfer into a recipient was performed because of the ease of the ***, as this approach resulted in severe mosaicism and has a low efficiency, it is not typically employed in the cattle as priority, unlike in mice. To overcome the above issue with micro-injection in cattle, somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT) was introduced and successfully used to produce cloned livestock. The application of SCNT for the production of transgenic livestock represents a significant advancement, but its development speed is relatively slow because of abnormal reprogramming and low gene targeting efficiency. Recent genome editing technologies(e.g.,ZFN, TALEN, and CRISPR-Cas9) have been rapidly adapted for applications in cattle and great results have been achieved in several fields such as disease models and bioreactors. In the future, genome engineering technologies wil accelerate our understanding of genetic traits in bovine and wil be readily adapted for bio-medical applications in cattle.

关键词： Cattle CRISPR-Cas9 Genome engineering technologies Transgenesis Transposon

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A global-scale multidecadal variability driven by Atlantic multidecadal oscillation

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National Science Review 2020年第7期7卷 1190-1197页

作者： young-Min Yang Soon-Il An Bin Wang jae Heung Park Department of Atmospheric Science Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters and Earth System Modeling Center Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Department of Atmospheric Sciences and International Pacific Research Center University of Hawaii Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Irreversible Climate Change Research Center Yonsei University Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology

Observational analysis shows that there is a predominant global-scale multidecadal variability(GMV) of sea-surface temperature(SST). Its horizontal pattern resembles that of the interdecadal Pacific oscillation(IPO) in the Pacific and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation(AMO) in the Atlantic Ocean, which could affect global precipitation and temperature over the globe. Here, we demonstrate that the GMV could be driven by the AMO through atmospheric teleconnections and atmosphere–ocean coupling *** reveal a strong negative correlation when AMO leads GMV by approximately 4–8 *** experiments using a climate model driven by observed AMO signals reveal that the tropical Atlantic warm SST anomalies of AMO initiate anomalous cooling in the equatorial central-eastern Pacific through atmospheric teleconnections. Anticyclonic anomalies in the North and South Pacific induce equatorward winds along the coasts of North and South America, contributing to further cooling. The upper-ocean dynamics plays a minor role in GMV formation but contributes to a delayed response of the IPO to the AMO forcing. The possible impact of the GMV on AMO was also tested by prescribing only Pacific SST in the model; however, the model could not reproduce the observed phase relationship between the AMO and the GMV. These results support the hypothesis that the Atlantic Ocean plays a key role in the multidecadal variability of global SST.

关键词： global-scale multidecadal variability Atlantic multidecadal oscillation atmospheric teleconnection interdecadal Pacific oscillation

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