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Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Resource Allocation in HPC/AI Converged Cluster

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4375-4395页

作者： Jargalsaikhan Narantuya Jun-Sik shin Sun park JongWon Kim Department of Cloud Kakao Enterprise CorpSeongnam13494Korea AI Graduate School Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)Gwangju61005Korea

As the complexity of deep learning(DL)networks and training data grows enormously,methods that scale with computation are becoming the future of artificial intelligence(AI)development.In this regard,the interplay between machine learning(ML)and high-performance computing(HPC)is an innovative paradigm to speed up the efficiency of AI research and development.However,building and operating an HPC/AI converged system require broad knowledge to leverage the latest computing,networking,and storage technologies.Moreover,an HPC-based AI computing environment needs an appropriate resource allocation and monitoring strategy to efficiently utilize the system resources.In this regard,we introduce a technique for building and operating a high-performance AI-computing environment with the latest technologies.Specifically,an HPC/AI converged system is configured inside Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST),called GIST AI-X computing cluster,which is built by leveraging the latest Nvidia DGX servers,high-performance storage and networking devices,and various open source tools.Therefore,it can be a good reference for building a small or middlesized HPC/AI converged system for research and educational institutes.In addition,we propose a resource allocation method for DL jobs to efficiently utilize the computing resources with multi-agent deep reinforcement learning(mDRL).Through extensive simulations and experiments,we validate that the proposed mDRL algorithm can help the HPC/AI converged cluster to achieve both system utilization and power consumption improvement.By deploying the proposed resource allocation method to the system,total job completion time is reduced by around 20%and inefficient power consumption is reduced by around 40%.

关键词： Deep learning HPC/AI converged cluster reinforcement learning

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Accumulation of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose)by sustained supply of calcium inducing mitochondrial stress in pancreatic cancer cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第27期28卷 3422-3434页

作者： Keun-Yeong Jeong jae Jun Sim Minhee park Hwan Mook Kim Research and Development Metimedi PharmaceuticalsIncheon 22006South Korea

BACKGROUND The biochemical phenomenon defined as poly adenosine diphosphate(ADP)-ribosylation(PARylation)is essential for the progression of pancreatic cancer.However,the excessive accumulation of poly ADP-ribose(PAR)induces apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF)release from mitochondria and energy deprivation resulting in the caspase-independent death of cancer cells.AIM To investigate whether sustained calcium supply could induce an anticancer effect on pancreatic cancer by PAR accumulation.METHODS Two pancreatic cancer cell lines,AsPC-1 and CFPAC-1 were used for the study.Calcium influx and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)were observed by fluorescence staining.Changes in enzyme levels,as well as PAR accumulation and energy metabolism,were measured using assay kits.AIF-dependent cell death was investigated followed by confirming in vivo anticancer effects by sustained calcium administration.RESULTS Mitochondrial ROS levels were elevated with increasing calcium influx into pancreatic cancer cells.Then,excess PAR accumulation,decreased PAR glycohydrolase and ADP-ribosyl hydrolase 3 levels,and energy deprivation were observed.In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects were confirmed to accompany elevated AIF levels.CONCLUSION This study visualized the potential anticancer effects of excessive PAR accumulation by sustained calcium supply on pancreatic cancer,however elucidating a clear mode of action remains a challenge,and it should be accompanied by further studies to assess its potential for clinical application.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Calcium Reactive oxygen species Poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose Poly adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation Poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase Apoptosis-inducing factor Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Anticancer effect

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Lubricant skin on diverse biomaterials with complex shapes via polydopamine-mediated surface functionalization for biomedical applications

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第7期25卷 555-568页

作者： Kijun park Seunghoi Kim Yejin Jo jae park Inwoo Kim Sooyoung Hwang Yeontaek Lee So Yeon Kim Jungmok Seo School of Electronic and Electronic Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea Center for Biomaterials Biomedical Research InstituteKorea Institute of Science and TechnologiesSeoul02792Republic of Korea Center for Theragnosis Biomedical Research InstituteKorea Institute of Science and TechnologiesSeoul02792Republic of Korea

Implantable biomedical devices require an anti-biofouling,mechanically robust,low friction surface for a prolonged lifespan and improved performance.However,there exist no methods that could provide uniform and effective coatings for medical devices with complex shapes and materials to prevent immune-related side effects and thrombosis when they encounter biological tissues.Here,we report a lubricant skin(L-skin),a coating method based on the application of thin layers of bio-adhesive and lubricant-swellable perfluoropolymer that impart anti-biofouling,frictionless,robust,and heat-mediated self-healing properties.We demonstrate biocompatible,mechanically robust,and sterilization-safe L-skin in applications of bioprinting,microfluidics,catheter,and long and narrow medical tubing.We envision that diverse applications of L-skin improve device longevity,as well as anti-biofouling attributes in biomedical devices with complex shapes and material compositions.

关键词： Anti-biofouling Lubricant-infused Biomedical applications Biomaterials Biointerface

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Absorption-Dominant mmWave EMI Shielding Films with Ultralow Reflection using Ferromagnetic Resonance Frequency Tunable M-Type Ferrites

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第6期15卷 1-23页

作者： Horim Lee Seung Han Ryu Suk Jin Kwon jae Ryung Choi Sang‑bok Lee Byeongjin park Composites Research Division Korea Institute of Materials Science797 ChangwondaeroSeongsan‑GuChangwonGyeongsangnam‑Do 51508Republic of Korea

Although there is a high demand for absorption-dominant electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding materials for 5G millimeter-wave(mmWave) frequencies, most current shielding materials are based on reflection-dominant conductive materials. While there are few absorption-dominant shielding materials proposed with magnetic materials, their working frequencies are usually limited to under 30 GHz. In this study, a novel multi-band absorption-dominant EMI shielding film with M-type strontium ferrites and a conductive grid is proposed. This film shows ultralow EMI reflection of less than 5% in multiple mmWave frequency bands with sub-millimeter thicknesses, while shielding more than 99.9% of EMI. The ultralow reflection frequency bands are controllable by tuning the ferromagnetic resonance frequency of M-type strontium ferrites and composite layer geometries. Two examples of shielding films with ultralow reflection frequencies, one for 39 and 52 GHz 5G telecommunication bands and the other for 60 and 77 GHz autonomous radar bands, are presented. The remarkably low reflectance and thinness of the proposed films provide an important advancement toward the commercialization of EMI shielding materials for 5G mmWave applications.

关键词： 5G communication MmWave EMI shielding M-type ferrites

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Nucleus-Encoded Thylakoid Protein,OsY3IP1,Confers Enhanced Tolerance to Saline and Alkaline Stresses in Rice

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Rice science 2022年第3期29卷 225-236页

作者： Hyeran MOON Young-Ah KIM Ryoung shin Chang-Jin park Department of Molecular Biology Sejong University Department of Bioresources Engineering Sejong University RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science Plant Engineering Research Institute Sejong University

Abiotic stress confers serious damage to the photosynthetic machinery,often resulting in plant growth inhibition.Hypothetical chloroplast open reading frame 3(Ycf3)-interacting protein 1(Y3IP1)is a nucleus-encoded thylakoid protein and plays an essential role in the assembly of photosystem I.The full-length cDNA over-expresser(FOX)gene-hunting system is an approach using systemically generated gain-of-function mutants.Among the FOX-rice lines,a line CE175 overexpressing rice Y3IP1gene(Os Y3IP1)displayed less inhibition of root growth under saline(NaCl)stress.The expression of Os Y3IP1 was up-regulated under saline and alkaline(Na2CO3)stresses in the rice variety Kitaake.After saline and alkaline treatments,transgenic Kitaake overexpressing OsY3IP1-GFP(OsY3IP1-GFPox/Kit)displayed higher levels of chlorophyll content compared to Kitaake.Under the stress conditions,the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II photochemistry levels was higher in OsY3IP1-GFPox/Kit than in Kitaake.The increased tolerance conferred by OsY3IP1 overexpression correlated with reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation.Our data provide new insights into the possible role of OsY3IP1 in the pathway suppressing photooxidative damage under stress conditions.These features can be further exploited to improve saline and alkaline tolerances of rice plants in future.

关键词： alkaline reactive oxygen species rice saline stress tolerance

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Exploring ideal operative time for best outcomes in gastric cancer surgery:A multi-institutional study based on KLASS-07 database

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2023年第6期35卷 660-674页

作者： shin-Hoo park Ye-Rim shin Hoon Hur Chang Min Lee jae Seok Min Seung Wan Ryu Hyun Dong Chae Oh Jeong Chang-In Choi Kyo-Young Song Ho Goon Kim Ye Seob Jee Kwang Hee Kim Jeong Goo Kim Kyung Sook Yang Hua Huang Sungsoo park Division of Foregut Surgery Korea University College of MedicineSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Division of Foregut Surgery Korea University Anam HospitalSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon 16499Republic of Korea Division of Foregut Surgery Korea University Ansan HospitalAnsan 15355Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesCancer CenterBusan 46033Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Keimyung University Dongsan Medical CenterDaegu 41931Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Catholic University of Daegu School of MedicineDaegu 42472Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Chonnam National University Medical SchoolHwasun 58128Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Pusan National University HospitalPusan 49241Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Catholic University of Seoul St Mary’s HospitalSeoul 06591Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Chonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangju 61469Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Dankook University College of MedicineCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Busan Paik HospitalInje UniversityBusan 14905Republic of Korea Department of Surgery Daejeon St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of Medicinethe Catholic University of KoreaDaejeon 34943Republic of Korea Department of Biostatistics Korea University College of MedicineSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Gastric Cancer and Soft Tissue Sarcoma Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200433China Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Objective:While a rushed operation can omit essential procedures,prolonged operative time results in higher morbidity.Nevertheless,the optimal operative time range remains uncertain.This study aimed to estimate the ideal operative time range and evaluate its applicability in laparoscopic cancer surgery.Methods:A prospectively collected multicenter database of 397 patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy were retrospectively reviewed.The ideal operative time range was statistically calculated by separately analyzing the operative time of uneventful surgeries.Finally,intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were compared among the shorter,ideal,and longer operative time groups.Results:The statistically calculated ideal operative time was 135.4-165.4 min.The longer operative time(LOT)group had a lower rate of uneventful,perfect surgery than the ideal or shorter operative time(IOT/SOT)group(2.8%vs.8.8%and 2.2%vs.13.4%,all P<0.05).Longer operative time increased bleeding,postoperative morbidities,and delayed diet and discharge(all P<0.05).Particularly,an uneventful,perfect surgery could not be achieved when the operative time exceeded 240 min.Regardless of ideal time range,SOT group achieved the highest percentage of uneventful surgery(13.4%),which was possible by surgeon's ability to retrieve a higher number of lymph nodes and perform≥150 gastrectomies annually.Conclusions:Operative time longer than the ideal time range(especially≥240 min)should be avoided.If the essential operative procedure were faithfully conducted without compromising oncological safety,an operative time shorter than the ideal range leaded to a better prognosis.Efforts to minimize operative time should be attempted with sufficient surgical experience.

关键词： Operative time laparoscopic surgery gastric cancer gastrectomy morbidity

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Preparation of human decellularized peripheral nerve allograft using amphoteric detergent and nuclease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1890-1896页

作者： Joo-Yul Bae Suk Young park Young Ho shin shin Woo Choi jae Kwang Kim Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Ulsan College of MedicineGangneung Asan HospitalGangneung-siKorea Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea

Animal studies have shown that amphoteric detergent and nuclease(DNase I and ribonuclease A) is the most reliable decellularization method of the peripheral nerve. However, the optimal combination of chemical reagents for decellularization of human nerve allograft needs further investigation. To find the optimal protocol to remove the immunogenic cellular components of the nerve tissue and preserve the basal lamina and extracellular matrix and whether the optimal protocol can be applied to larger-diameter human peripheral nerves, in this study, we decellularized the median and sural nerves from the cadavers with two different methods: nonionic and anionic detergents(Triton X-100 and sodium deoxycholate) and amphoteric detergent and nuclease(3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate(CHAPS), deoxyribonuclease I, and ribonuclease A). All cellular components were successfully removed from the median and sural nerves by amphoteric detergent and nuclease. Not all cellular components were removed from the median nerve by nonionic and anionic detergent. Both median and sural nerves treated with amphoteric detergent and nuclease maintained a completely intact extracellular matrix. Treatment with nonionic and anionic detergent decreased collagen content in both median and sural nerves, while the amphoteric detergent and nuclease treatment did not reduce collagen content. In addition, a contact cytotoxicity assay revealed that the nerves decellularized by amphoteric detergent and nuclease was biocompatible. Strength failure testing demonstrated that the biomechanical properties of nerves decellularized with amphoteric detergent and nuclease were comparable to those of fresh controls. Decellularization with amphoteric detergent and nuclease better remove cellular components and better preserve extracellular matrix than decellularization with nonionic and anionic detergents, even in large-diameter human peripheral nerves. In Korea, cadaveric studies are not yet legally subject to Institutional Review Board rev

关键词： median nerve sural nerve nuclease detergent human decellularized nerve graft

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Anaphylactic shock induced by polyethylene glycol after bowel preparation for the colorectal cancer surgery:A case report

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世界临床病例杂志 2023年第23期11卷 5589-5594页

作者： Go Woon park Nahyeon park Jung Cheol Kuk Eung Jin shin Dae Ro Lim Department of General Surgery Soonchunhyang Bucheon HospitalBucheon 14584South Korea

BACKGROUND Polyethylene glycol(PEG)is widely used as an additive because of its hydrophilic and chemically inert properties.However,there are been increasing reports of PEG allergies,including anaphylaxis,although they are still rare.This case report aims to raise awareness,that the commonly used bowel cleansing agent containing PEG can cause serious allergic reactions.CASE SUMMARY Prior to surgery for sigmoid colon cancer,a 63-year-old man was prescribed a bowel cleansing agent containing PEG.Within 30 min of ingestion,he developed symptoms of anaphylactic shock and did not respond to initial intramuscular epinephrine injection.Under diagnosis of anaphylaxis to PEG,he was stabilized with fluid hydration and continuous norepinephrine infusion.CONCLUSION While allergic reactions to PEG are rare,they can be life-threatening.Therefore,it is crucial for clinicians to be aware of this possibility and to diagnose and resuscitate patients immediately.

关键词： Polyethylene glycol Anaphylaxis Sigmoid colon cancer Bowel preparation Case report

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Incidence and Related Risk Factors of Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia in Infants after Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第5期17卷 569-578页

作者： jae Hee Seol Se Yong Jung jae Young Choi Han Ki park Young Hwan park Nam Kyun Kim Department of Pediatrics Congenital Heart Disease CenterDivision of Pediatric CardiologySeverance Cardiovascular HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University Wonju College of MedicineWonjuKorea Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Division of Cardiovascular SurgeryCongenital Heart Disease CenterSeverance Cardiovascular HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Pediatrics and Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineEmory UniversityAtlantaUSA

Objective:Junctional ectopic tachycardia is common after cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease.However,its incidence and related risk factors in infants after cardiac surgery are not well known.The objective of this study was to determine the overall incidence and related risk factors for junctional ectopic tachycardia in neonates and infants.Methods:We enrolled a total of 271 patients aged<1 year who underwent open cardiac surgery at Severance Cardiovascular Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020.Exclusion criteria were immediate postoperative mortality,other arrhythmias detected in the perioperative period,and prematurity.Result:The overall incidence of junctional ectopic tachycardia was 12.9%.The logistic regression analysis revealed that longer cardiopulmonary bypass time,surgery involving atrioventricular node stretching,and the presence of early repolarization on preoperative electrocardiography increased the risk of junctional ectopic tachycardia.Patients with junctional ectopic tachycardia had longer intubation time and intensive care unit stay.Conclusion:Junctional ectopic tachycardia is a common arrhythmia after cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease in infants.Occasionally,infants developing junctional ectopic tachycardia after cardiac surgery have specific preoperative electrocardiography findings.The risk factors for junctional ectopic tachycardia were associated not only with surgical procedural factors but also with preoperative electrocardiographic parameters.

关键词： Junctional ectopic tachycardia congenital heart disease early re-polarization

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Non-secretory multiple myeloma expressed as multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma with an endobronchial lesion mimicking metastatic cancer:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第22期10卷 7899-7905页

作者： Seul Bi Lee Chi Young park Hee Jeong Lee Ran Hong Woo shin Kim Sang-Gon park Department of Hemato-oncology Chosun University HospitalGwangju 501-717South Korea Department of Pathology Chosun University HospitalGwangju 501-717South Korea Department of Laboratory Medicine Chosun University HospitalGwangju 501-717South Korea

BACKGROUND Non-secretory multiple myeloma(MM)is a rare condition that accounts for only 3%of MM cases and is defined by normal serum and urine immunofixation and a normal serum free light chain ratio.Non-secretory MM with multiple extramedullary plasmacytomas derived from endobronchial lesions is extremely rare and can be misdiagnosed as metastasis of solid cancer.CASE SUMMARY A 36-year-old man presented with progressive facial swelling and nasal congestion with cough.Various imaging studies revealed an endobronchial mass in the left bronchus and a large left maxillary mass with multiple destructive bone metastatic lesions.He initially presented with lung cancer and multiple metastases.However,pathologic reports showed multiple extramedullary plasmacytomas in the left maxilla and the left bronchus.There was no change in the serum and urine monoclonal protein levels,and no abnormalities were observed in laboratory examinations,including hemoglobin,calcium,and creatinine levels.The bone marrow was hypercellular,with 13.49%plasma cells.The patient was diagnosed with non-secretory MM expressed as multiple extramedullary plasmacytomas with endobronchial lesions in a rare location.Radiation therapy for symptomatic lesions with high-dose dexamethasone was started,and the size of the left maxillary sinus lesion dramatically decreased.In the future,chemotherapy will be administered to control lesions in other areas.CONCLUSION We present a rare case of non-secretory MM with multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma with an endobronchial lesion.

关键词： Maxillary mass lesion Destructive bone metastatic lesion Multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma Endobronchial lesion Non-secretory multiple myeloma Case report

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