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Intercomparison of Precipitation Simulated by Regional Climate Models over East Asia in 1997 and 1998

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2007年第4期24卷 539-554页

作者： Dong-Kyou lee William J.GUTOWSKI Hyun-Suk KANG Chun-Ji KIM School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences Iowa State UniversityAmesUSAJr Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yonsei UniversitySeoulKorea.School of Earth and Environmental SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea

Regional climate simulations in Asia from May 1997 to August 1998 were performed using the Seoul National University regional climate model （SNURCM） and Iowa State University regional climate model （***5/LSM）, which were developed by coupling the NCAR/Land Surface Model （LSM） and the Mesoscale Model （MM5）. However, for physical processes of precipitation, the SNURCM used the Grell scheme for the convective parameterization scheme （CPS） and the simple ice scheme for the explicit moisture scheme （EMS）, while the ***5/LSM used the Betts-Miller scheme for CPS and the mixed phase scheme for EMS.The simulated precipitation patterns and amounts over East Asia for the extreme climatic summer in 1997 （relative drought conditions） and 1998 （relative flood conditions） were especially focused upon. The ***5/LSM simulated more precipitation than was observed in 1997 due to more moisture and cloud water in the lower levels, despite weak upward motion. In the SNURCM, strong upward motion resulted in more precipitation than that was observed in 1998, with more moisture and cloud water in the middle levels. In the ***5/LSM, weak upward motion, unchanged moisture in the lower troposphere, and the decrease in latent heat flux at the surface increased convective precipitation only by 3% for the 1998 summer event. In the SNURCM, strong upward motion, the increase in moisture in the lower troposphere, and the increase in latent heat flux at the surface increased convective precipitation by 48% for the summer of 1998. The main differences between both simulations were moisture availability and horizontal momentum transport in the lower troposphere, which were also strongly influenced by large-scale forcing.

关键词： regional climate simulation summer precipitation variability extreme climatic event physical process

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Analysis of Runoff in Ungauged Mountain Watersheds in Sichuan,China using Kinematic-wave-based GIUH Model

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第2期7卷 157-166页

作者： CAO Shuyou lee Kwan Tun HO Juiyi LIU Xingnian HUANG Er YANG Kejun State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 Sichuan China Department of River & Harbor Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung 202 Taibei China.

Floods are one of the most common natural hazards occurring all around the ***,the knowledge of the origins of a food and its possible magnitude in a given region remains unclear *** lack of understanding is particularly acute in mountainous regions with large degrees in Sichuan Province,China,where runoff is seldom *** nature of streamflow in a region is related to the time and spatial distribution of rainfall quantity and watershed *** geomorphologic characteristics are the channel network and surrounding landscape which transform the rainfall input into an output hydrograph at the outlet of the *** the given geomorphologic properties of the watershed,theoretically the hydrological response function can be determined hydraulically without using any recorded data of past rainfall or runoff *** this study,a kinematic-wave-based geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (KW-GIUH) model was adopted and verified to estimate runoff in ungauged *** mountain watersheds,the Yingjing River watershed and Tianquan River watershed in Sichuan were selected as study *** geomorphologic factors of the two watersheds were obtained by using a digital elevation model (DEM) based on the topographic database obtained from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission of US's *** tests of the model on the two watersheds were performed both at gauged and ungauged *** between the simulated and observed hydrographs for a number of rainstorms at the gauged sites indicated the potential of the KW-GIUH model as a useful tool for runoff analysis in these ***,to simulate possible concentrated rainstorms that could result in serious flooding in these areas,synthetic rainfall hyetographs were adopted as input to the KW-GIUH model to obtain the flow hydrographs at two ungauged sites for different return period *** analysis can be performed in the future to select the optimum design retu

关键词： Kinematic-wave-based geomorphologic instantaneous unit hydrograph (KW-GIUH) Ungauged watershed Rainfall-runoff simulation Digital elevation model

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Various Silver Nanostructures on Sapphire Using Plasmon Self-Assembly and Dewetting of Thin Films

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Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第2期9卷 41-57页

作者： Sundar Kunwar Mao Sui Quanzhen Zhang Puran Pandey Ming-Yu Li Jihoon lee College of Electronics and Information Kwangwoon University Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering University of Arkansas

Silver(Ag) nanostructures demonstrate outstanding optical, electrical, magnetic, and catalytic properties and are utilized in photonic, energy, sensors, and biomedical *** target application and the performance can be inherently tuned by control of configuration, shape, and size of Ag nanostructures. In this work, we demonstrate the systematical fabrication of various configurations of Ag nanostructures on sapphire(0001) by controlling the Ag deposition thickness at different annealing environments in a plasma ion coater. In particular, the evolution of Ag particles(between 2 and 20 nm),irregular nanoclusters(between 30 and 60 nm), and nanocluster networks(between 80 and 200 nm) are found be depended on the thickness of Ag thin film. The results were systematically analyzed and explained based on the solid-state dewetting,surface diffusion, Volmer–Weber growth model, coalescence,and surface energy minimization mechanism. The growth behavior of Ag nanostructures is remarkably differentiated at higher annealing temperature(750 ℃) due to the sublimation and temperature-dependent characteristic of dewetting *** addition, Raman and reflectance spectra analyses reveal that optical properties of Ag nanostructures depend on their morphology.

关键词： Ag nanostructures Surface plasmon Selfassembly Dewetting

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Short health scale: A valid measure of health-related quality of life in Korean-speaking patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第19期23卷 3530-3537页

作者： Soo-Kyung Park Bong Min Ko Hyeon Jeong Goong Jeong Yeon Seo Sang Hyuk lee Hae Lim Baek Moon Sung lee Dong Il Park Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kangbuk Samsung HospitalSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute Department of Internal Medicine Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine

AIM To evaluate the short health scale(SHS),a new,simple,four-part visual analogue scale questionnaire that is designed to assess the impact of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)on health-related quality of life(HRQOL),in Korean-speaking patients with *** The SHS was completed by 256 patients with Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC).Individual SHS items were correlated with inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire(IBDQ)dimensions and with disease activity to assess ***-retest reliability,responsiveness and patient or disease characteristics with probable association with high SHS scores were *** Of 256 patients with IBD,139(54.3%)had UC and 117(45.7%)had *** correlation coefficients between SHS questions about"symptom burden","activities of daily living",and"disease-related worry"and their corresponding dimensions in the IBDQ ranged from0.62 to 0.71,compared with correlation coefficients ranging from-0.45 to-0.61 for their non-corresponding *** was a stepwise increase in SHS scores,with increasing disease activity in both CD and UC(all P values<0.001).Reliability was confirmed with test-retest correlations ranging from 0.68 to 0.90(all P values<0.001).Responsiveness was confirmed with the patients who remained in *** SHS scores remained unchanged,except for the SHS dimension"disease-related worry".In the multivariate analysis,female sex was associated with worse"general well-being"(OR=2.28,95%CI:1.02-5.08)along with worse disease *** The SHS is a valid and reliable measure of HRQOL in Korean-speaking patients with IBD.

关键词： Quality of life Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Disease activity

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Role and outcome of conventional surgery in the treatment of pyogenic liver abscess in the modern era of minimally invasive therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第5期14卷 747-751页

作者： Simon Siu-Man Ng Janet Fung-Yee lee Paul Bo-San Lai Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin Hong Kong China

AIM:To evaluate the role and outcome of conventional surgery in the treatment of pyogenic liver abscess in the modern era of minimally invasive therapy. METHODS:The medical records of thirteen patients with pyogenic liver abscess who underwent surgical treatment between January 1995 and December 2002 were retrospectively reviewed to determine the clinical presentation, indication and nature of surgery, and out-come of surgery. RESULTS:The patients were predominantly women (10/13) with a mean age of 65 ± 17 years. Their main presenting symptoms were abdominal pain (100%) and fever (77%). The aetiologies included biliary (n = 6), cryptogenic (n = 3), portal (n = 2), and trauma (n = 2). Seven patients underwent percutaneous drainage as the initial treatment. Of these, three patients developed peritonitis secondary to peritoneal spillage. Another four patients failed to respond because of multilocula-tion. Salvage surgery was required in these patients. Six patients proceeded to straight laparotomy:two had marked sepsis and multiloculated abscess that precluded percutaneous drainage, and four presented with perito-nitis of uncertain pathology. Surgical procedures included deroofment and drainage (n = 9), liver resection (n = 3), peritoneal lavage (n = 2), cholecystectomy (n = 4), and exploration of common bile duct (n = 2). One patient required reoperation because of bleeding. Three patients required further percutaneous drainage after surgery. The overall mortality was 46%. Four patients died of multiorgan failure and two patients died of pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSION:Surgical treatment of pyogenic liver ab-scess is occasionally needed when percutaneous drainage has failed due to various reasons. Mortality rate in this group of patients has remained high.

关键词： Pyogenic liver abscess Surgical drainage Liver resection Percutaneous drainage Outcome

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Gas Sensing Characteristics of SnO_2 Whiskers Prepared from SNC_2O_4

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稀有金属材料与工程 2006年第A3期35卷 100-103页

作者： Ki-Won Kim Pyeong-Seok Cho Jong-Heun lee Seong-Hyeon Hong Department of Materials Science & Engineering Korea UniversitySeoui 136-713Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering and Nano Systems Institute-National Core Research Center Seoul National UniversitySeoul 151-744Korea

SnO_2 whiskers were prepared from the decomposition of whisker-like SnC_2O_4,which was precipitated by a reaction between an aqueous SnCl_2 and oxalic acid solution at high solution temperatures (80℃).After the decomposition of SnC_2O_4 at 450℃,SnO_2 whiskers containing both of rutile and metastable orthorhombic phases were obtained with the content of the orthorhombic phase decreasing with increasing heat-treatment temperature and *** effect of orthorhombic phase upon CO gas sensitivity was investigated by measuring the evolution of the primary particle size and the CO sensitivity with repeating heat treatment at 450℃.The 50μg/g CO sensitivity increased with decreasing concentration of the orthorhombic phase despite particle coarsening,which suggests that the orthorhombic phase is detrimental to the CO gas sensitivity.

关键词： SnO2 whisker orthorhombic phase gas sensor SnC2O4

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Increased end-stage renal disease risk in patients with inflammatory bowel disease:A nationwide populationbased study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第42期24卷 4798-4808页

作者： Seona Park jaeyoung Chun Kyung-Do Han Hosim Soh Kookhwan Choi Ji Hye Kim Jooyoung lee Changhyun lee Jong Pil Im Joo Sung Kim Department of Internal Medicine Liver Research InstituteSeoul National University College of Medicine Department of Biostatistics College of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea Department of Internal Medicine CHA Gangnam Medical CenterCHA University Department of Internal Medicine and Healthcare Research Institute Healthcare System Gangnam CenterSeoul National University Hospital

AIM To estimate the risk of end-stage renal disease(ESRD)in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS From January 2010 to December 2013, patients with Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) were identified, based on both the International Classification of Diseases, 10 th revision(ICD-10) and the rare,intractable disease registration program codes from the National Health Insurance(NHI) database in South Korea. We compared 38812 patients with IBD to ageand sex-matched non-IBD controls with a ratio of 1:*** newly diagnosed with ESRD were identified with the ICD-10 *** During a mean follow-up of 4.9 years, ESRD was detected in 79(0.2%) patients with IBD and 166(0.1%)controls. The incidence of ESRD in patients with IBD was0.42 per 1000 person-years. Patients with IBD had a significantly higher risk of ESRD than controls [adjusted hazard ratio(HR) = 3.03; 95% confidence interval(CI):1.77-5.20; P < 0.001]. The incidences(per 1000 personyears)of ESRD were 0.51 in patients with CD and 0.13 in controls, respectively(adjusted HR = 6.33; 95%CI:2.75-14.56; P < 0.001). In contrast, the incidence of ESRD was similar between the UC and control groups(0.37 vs 0.37 per 1000 person-years; adjusted HR = 2.01;95%CI: 0.90-4.51; P = 0.089).CONCLUSION The risk of ESRD was elevated in patients with CD, but not UC. Patients with CD should be monitored carefully for signs of renal insufficiency.

关键词： Claims data Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease End-stage renal disease Ulcerative colitis

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粉青沙器罐

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陶瓷学报 2017年第1期 132-132页

作者： lee jae-Seong

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Summer Monsoon Indices on June Rainfall in Hong Kong and Its Vicinity

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第5期30卷 789-799页

作者： WU Man-chi TONG Hang-wai lee Tsz-cheung Hong Kong Observatory Hong Kong China

Climatologically, June is usually the wettest month in Hong Kong. With significant interannual variation of the summer monsoon, the rainfall variability in June is also large. As Hong Kong is in close proximity to the peripheries of different monsoon regions, the variability of June rainfall largely depends on the relative strength of various monsoon systems. In the present study, a new index comparing the relative condition of the western North Pacific summer monsoon and the South China Sea summer monsoon is developed based on the difference between the respective monsoon indices WNPMI （western North Pacific summer monsoon index） and UMI （unified monsoon index）. It is shown that June rainfall in Hong Kong and its vicinity is better correlated with this new index than either WNPMI or UMI alone. Based on the signs of the new index in conjunction with those of WNPMI and UMI, a framework to stratify the monsoon conditions into different configurations together with a simple scheme to summarize the associated rainfall responses is formulated. This study highlights how the rainfall variability on a local or regional scale can be quantified by the broad-scale conditions of different monsoon systems.

关键词： Hong Kong South China Sea summer monsoon western North Pacific summer monsoon mon- soon index June rainfall bootstrap regional monsoon

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Nuclear Targeting of Methyl-Recycling Enzymes in Arabidopsis thaliana Is Mediated by Specific Protein Interactions

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Molecular Plant 2012年第1期5卷 231-248页

作者： Sanghyun lee Andrew C. Doxey Brendan J. McConkey Barbara A. Moffatt Department of Biology University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Developmental Biology Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

Numerous transmethylation reactions are required for normal plant growth and development. S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase （SAHH） and adenosine kinase （ADK） act coordinately to recycle the by-product of these reactions, S-adenosylhomocysteine （SAH） that would otherwise competitively inhibit methyltransferase （MT） activities. Here, we report on investigations to understand how the SAH produced in the nucleus is metabolized by SAHH and ADK. Localization analyses using green fluorescent fusion proteins demonstrated that both enzymes are capable of localizing to the cytoplasm and the nucleus, although no obvious nuclear localization signal was found in their sequences. Deletion analysis revealed that a 41-amino-acid segment of SAHH （GlylS^-Lys19~） is required for nuclear targeting of this enzyme. This segment is surface exposed, shows unique sequence conservation patterns in plant SAHHs, and possesses additional features of protein-protein interaction motifs. ADK and SAHH interact in Arabidopsb via this segment and also interact with an mRNA cap MT. We propose that the targeting of this complex is directed by the nuclear localization signal of the MT; other MTs may similarly target SAHH/ADK to other subcellular compartments to ensure uninterrupted transmethylation.

关键词： Transmethylation subcellular localization S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase adenosine kinase nuclear targeting protein docking protein modeling protein motif analysis.

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