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Biochar improves soil properties and corn productivity under drought conditions in South Korea

Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1148-1158页

作者： jae-hyuk park Jin-Ju Yun Seong-Heon Kim Jong-Hwan park Bharat Sharma Acharya Ju-Sik Cho Se-Won Kang Department of Agricultural Chemistry Sunchon National UniversitySuncheon 57922Republic of Korea Division of Soil and Fertilizer National Institute of Agricultural SciencesRDAWanju 55365Republic of Korea Department of Life Resources Industry Dong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Rodale Institute Southeast Organic CenterChattahoochee HillsGA 30268USA Department of Agricultural Life Sciences Sunchon National UniversitySuncheon 57922Republic of Korea

Biochar has been shown to improve soil properties and plant productivity in soils with inherently low ***,little has been reported for upland corns under dry and wet precipitation *** study investigates the effect of biochar addition on a range of soil physicochemical,biological,and hydrological properties,and corn growth and productivity under agrometeorological drought and wet ***,experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at two sites during 2017 and 2018 in South *** included(i)CN:control(ii)IF:inorganic fertilizer(N-P-K)at 145-30-60 kg ha^(−1);(iii)BS:barley straw at 5 t ha^(−1);(iv)CWBC:corn waste biochar at 5 t ha^(−1);(v)CWBC+IF:corn waste biochar+inorganic fertilizer;(vi)CWBC+BS:corn waste biochar+barley *** year 2017 was relatively dry,whereas the year 2018 was *** drought conditions in the year 2017,biochar facilitated soil water ***,higher precipitation in 2018 increased the quantity and distribution of soil water and nutrients in the top 15 *** reduced soil bulk density,and increased porosity,cation exchange capacity and total organic carbon in both years but increased total bacterial counts during the dry year *** population was generally higher under wet ***,more soil CO_(2) was emitted in the wet year than in the dry *** further indicated that biochar can enhance corn biomass and grain yield regardless of precipitation *** grain index was,however,affected by rainfall and was significantly different across treatments in the year 2018 *** biomass,grain yield,and grain index were highest in CWBC+IF treatment and lowest under CN ***,biochar addition appeared to improve soil quality and soil conditioning effects in the drought and wet years,ameliorating soil and plant ***,biochar can improve water and nutrients storage,availability,and uptake,and

关键词： Biochar Drought Precipitation Soil CO_(2)

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Iron sulfides with dopamine-derived carbon coating as superior performance anodes for sodium-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2019年第10期12卷 2609-2613页

作者： Aihua Jin Seung-Ho Yu jae-hyuk park Seok Mun Kang Mi-Ju Kim Tae-Yeol Jeon Junyoung Mun Yung-Eun Sung Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Seoul 08826Republic of Korea School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University145 Anatn-roSeongbtik-guSeoul 02841Republic cf Korea Beamline Department Pohang Accelerator Laboratory(PAL)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering Incheon National University12-1Songdo-dong Yeonsu-guIncheon 22012Republic of Korea

High energy ball-milled iron sulfides with thin carb on layer coati ng(BM-FeS/C composites)were prepared by the simple and econo mical ***-milled process,followed by carb on coati ng,reduced the particle size and increased the electrical con *** n employed as sodium-ion battery ano des,BM?F eS/C composites showed extremely high electrochemical performa nee with reversible specific capacity of 589.8 mAh·g^-1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA·g^-*** also exhibited superior rate capabilities of 375.9 mAh·g^-1 even at 3.2 Ag^1 and 423.6 mAh·g^-1 at 1.5 Ag_1.X-ray absorptio n near edge structure an alysis con firmed the electrochemical pathway for con version reaction of BM-FeS/C composites.

关键词： sodium-ion batteries iron sulfides high energy ball-milling dopamine X-ray absorption near edge structure

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Variations in dynamic recrystallization behavior and mechanical properties of AZ31 alloy with extrusion temperature

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第7期11卷 2351-2365页

作者： jae Won Cha Sung hyuk park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea

This study investigates the effects of extrusion temperature on the dynamic recrystallization(DRX)behavior of a Mg-3Al-1Zn-0.3Mn(AZ31,wt%)alloy during hot extrusion and on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of materials extruded at 350 and 450℃.An increase in the extrusion temperature causes a decrease in the amount of strain energy accumulated in the material during extrusion,because of promoted activation of pyramidalslip and dynamic *** reduced strain energy weakens the DRX behavior during extrusion,which eventually results in a decrease in the area fraction of recrystallized grains of the extruded *** material extruded at 450℃has coarser grains and a stronger basal fiber texture than that extruded at 350℃.As the extrusion temperature increases from 350 to 450℃,the tensile yield strength(TYS)of the extruded material increases from 191.8 to 201.5 MPa,whereas its compressive yield strength(CYS)decreases from 122.5 to 111.0 MPa;consequently,its tension-compression yield stress ratio(CYS/TYS)decreases from 0.64 to *** increase in the TYS is attributed mainly to the stronger texture hardening and strain hardening effects of the extruded material,and the decrease in the CYS is attributed to the reduced twinning stress resulting from grain coarsening and texture *** microstructural and textural evolutions of the materials during extrusion and the deformation and hardening mechanisms of the extruded materials are discussed in detail.

关键词： Mg-Al-Zn alloy Extrusion Dynamic recrystallization Microstructure Yield asymmetry

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Prominent cycling reversibility and kinetics enabled by CaTiO3 protective layer on Zn metal for aqueous Zn-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 245-258页

作者： Gaeun Lee Yong Nam Ahn Seongjoon So Chanwoo park Jong-Seong Bae Taehyun park Il Tae Kim jaehyun Hur School of Chemical Biological and Battery Engineering Gachon University Seongnam Busan Center Korea Basic Science Institute

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries （AZIBs） have received considerable attention owing to their various advantages such as safety,low cost,simple battery assembly conditions,and high ionic ***,they still suffer from serious problems,including uncontrollable dendrite growth,corrosion,hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） from water decomposition,electrode passivation,and unexpected *** creation of a uniform artificial nanocrystal layer on the Zn anode surface is a promising strategy for resolving these ***,we propose the use of a perovskite CaTiO3（CTO） protective layer on Zn（CTO@Zn） as a promising approach for improving the performance of *** CTO artificial layer provides an efficient pathway for Zn ion diffusion towards the Zn metal because of the high dielectric constant （εr=180） and ferroelectric characteristics that enable the alignment of dipole moments and redistribute the Zn2+ions in the CTO *** avoiding the direct contact of the Zn anode with the electrolyte solution,the uneven dendrite growth,corrosion,parasitic side reactions,and HER are mitigated,while CTO retains its mechanical and chemical robustness during ***,CTO@Zn demonstrates an improved lifespan in a symmetric cell configuration compared with bare ***@Zn shows steady overpotential （～68 m V） for 1500 h at 1 mA cm-2/0.5 mA h cm-2,excelling bare ***,when paired with the V2O5-C cathode,the CTO@Zn//V2O5-C full battery delivers 148.4 mA h g-1（based on the mass of the cathode） after 300 *** study provides new insights into Zn metal anodes and the development of high-performance AZIBs.

关键词： Perovskite

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Effects of homogenization temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of high-speed-extruded Mg–5Bi–3Al alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第10期10卷 2833-2846页

作者： jae Won Cha Sang-Cheol Jin jae-Gil Jung Sung hyuk park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University80 DaehakroDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea

This study investigates the effects of billet homogenization temperature on the dynamic recrystallization behavior during high-speed extrusion and resultant microstructure and tensile properties of the Mg–5Bi–3Al(BA53,wt%)*** billets homogenized at 350 and450℃(350H and 450H billets)are extruded at a high speed of 69 m/*** 350H billet has a relatively smaller grain size and a higher abundance of fine Mg3Bi2particles compared to the 450H *** extrusion of the 350H billet,enhanced dynamic recrystallization occurs as a result of its finer grains and abundance of particles,while the growth of recrystallized grains is suppressed by the grain-boundary pinning effect of ***,the extruded 350H material is characterized by smaller grains,relatively greater number of Mg3Bi2particles,and a higher internal strain energy than the extruded 450H *** tensile strength of the extruded 350H material is higher than that of the extruded 450H material owing to stronger grain-boundary hardening,particle hardening,and strain hardening *** extruded 350H material also exhibits a higher tensile elongation as its smaller grains inhibit the formation of crack-inducing undesirable twins during *** results from this study demonstrate that a decrease in the homogenization temperature from 450 to 350℃leads to improved strength and ductility in the high-speed-extruded BA53 material.

关键词： Mg–Bi–Al alloy High-speed extrusion Homogenization Dynamic recrystallization Tensile properties

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Comprehensive molecular characterization to predict immunotherapy response in advanced biliary tract cancer:a phase II trial of pembrolizumab

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 57-65页

作者： RYUL KIM JOO KYUNG park MINSUK KWON MINAE AN JUNG YONG HONG JOON OH park SUNG HEE LIM SEUNG TAE KIM Division of Hematology-Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Hematology-Oncology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon-siGyeonggi-doKorea Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are effective in a subset of patients with metastatic solid ***,the patients who would benefit most from ICIs in biliary tract cancer(BTC)are still *** and methods:We molecularly characterized tissues and blood from 32 patients with metastatic BTC treated with the ICI pembrolizumab as second-line ***:All patients had microsatellite stable(MSS)type *** of the 32 patients achieved partial response(PR),with an objective response rate(ORR)of 9.4%(95%confidence interval[CI],2.0–25.2)and nine showed stable disease(SD),exhibiting a disease control rate(DCR)of 37.5%(95%CI,21.1–56.3).For the 31 patients who had access to PD-1 ligand 1(PD-L1)combined positive score(CPS)testing(cut-off value≥1%),the ORR was not different between those who had PD-L1-positive(PD-L1+;1/11,9.1%)and PDL1-(2/20,10.0%)tumors(p=1.000).The tumor mutational burden(TMB)of PD-L1+BTC was comparable to that of PD-L1-BTC(p=0.630).TMB and any exonic somatic mutations were also not predictive of pembrolizumab *** analysis of blood and tumor samples demonstrated a relatively high natural killer(NK)cell proportion in the peripheral blood before pembrolizumab treatment in patients who achieved tumor ***,the tumors of these patients presented high enrichment scores for NK cells,antitumor cytokines,and Th1 signatures,and a low enrichment score for cancer-associated ***:This study shows the molecular characteristics associated with the efficacy of pembrolizumab in BTC of the MSS type.

关键词： Pembrolizumab Whole-exome sequencing Whole-transcriptome sequencing Biliary tract cancer

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Influence of undissolved second-phase particles on dynamic recrystallization behavior of Mg–7Sn–1Al–1Zn alloy during low-and high-temperature extrusions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第12期71卷 87-97页

作者： Hyun Ji Kim Sang-Cheol Jin jae-Gil Jung Sung hyuk park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Republic of Korea Implementation Research Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon51508Republic of Korea

This study investigates the effects of fine and coarse undissolved particles in a billet of the Mg–7 Sn–1 Al–1 Zn(TAZ711)alloy on the dynamic recrystallization(DRX)behavior during hot extrusion at low and high temperatures and the resultant microstructure and mechanical properties of the *** this end,partially homogenized(PH)and fully homogenized(FH)billets are extruded at temperatures of250 and 450°*** PH billet contains fine and coarse undissolved Mg_(2) Sn particles in the interdendritic region and along the grain boundaries,*** fine particles(<1μm in size)retard DRX during extrusion at 250°C via the Zener pinning effect,and this retardation causes a decrease in the area fraction of dynamically recrystallized(DRXed)grains of the extruded *** addition,the inhomogeneous distribution of fine particles in the PH billet leads to the formation of a bimodal DRXed grain structure with excessively grown grains in particle-scarce *** contrast,in the FH billet,numerous nanosized Mg_(2) Sn precipitates are formed throughout the material during extrusion at 250°C,which,in turn,leads to the formation of small,uniform DRXed grains by the grain-boundary pinning effect of the *** the PH billet is extruded at the high temperature of 450°C,the retardation effect of the fine particles on DRX is weakened by their dissolution in theα-Mg matrix and the increased extent of thermally activated grain-boundary *** contrast,the coarse Mg_(2) Sn particles in the billet promote DRX during extrusion through the particle-stimulated nucleation phenomenon,which results in an increase in the area fraction of DRXed *** both low and high extrusion temperatures,the extruded material fabricated using the PH billet,which contains both fine and coarse undissolved particles,has a lower tensile strength than that fabricated using the FH billet,which is virtually devoid of second-phase *** lower strength of the former is attributed mai

关键词： Mg–Sn alloy Second-phase particle Extrusion Homogenization Dynamic recrystallization

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M-IDM: A Multi-Classication Based Intrusion Detection Model in Healthcare IoT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1537-1553页

作者： jae Dong Lee Hyo Soung Cha Shailendra Rathore Jong hyuk park Healthcare AI Team National Cancer CenterGoyang-si10408Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology(SeoulTech)Seoul01811Korea

In recent years,the application of a smart city in the healthcare sector via loT systems has continued to grow exponentially and various advanced network intrusions have emerged since these loT devices are being *** studies focused on security threat detection and blocking technologies that rely on testbed data obtained from a single medical IoT device or simulation using a well-known dataset,such as the NSL-KDD ***,such approaches do not reect the features that exist in real medical scenarios,leading to failure in potential threat *** address this problem,we proposed a novel intrusion classication architecture known as a Multi-class Classication based Intrusion Detection Model(M-IDM),which typically relies on data collected by real devices and the use of convolutional neural networks(i.e.,it exhibits better performance compared with conventional machine learning algorithms,such as naïve Bayes,support vector machine(SVM)).Unlike existing studies,the proposed architecture employs the actual healthcare IoT environment of National Cancer Center in South Korea and actual network data from real medical devices,such as a patient’s monitors(i.e.,electrocardiogram and thermometers).The proposed architecture classies the data into multiple classes:Critical,informal,major,and minor,for intrusion ***,we experimentally evaluated and compared its performance with those of other conventional machine learning algorithms,including naïve Bayes,SVM,and logistic regression,using neural networks.

关键词： Smart city healthcare IoT neural network intrusion classication machine learning

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Scalable Ir‑Doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)/TiO_(2)Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H_(2)Production

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 1-18页

作者： Sukhwa Hong Jiseon Kim jaebeom park Sunmi Im Michael R.Hoffmann Kangwoo Cho Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 790−784Korea Linde Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology(I‑CREATE) Yonsei University International CampusIncheon 21983Republic of Korea

Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2)production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy *** study reports Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)spinel layer with TiO_(2)overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment *** dilute(0.1 M)NaCl solutions,the NFI/TiO_(2)marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).Robust operation in near-neutral pH was *** including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO_(2) which serves both as the primary site for Cl−chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic *** electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)conversion,but also enhances H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive *** scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO_(2)was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.

关键词： Wastewater electrolysis cell Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4) Reactive chlorine species Decentralized H_(2)production On-site wastewater treatment

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Effects of Al addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-3Bi alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第7期10卷 1887-1898页

作者： Sang-Cheol Jin jae Won Cha Jun Ho Bae Hui Yu Sung hyuk park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Implementation Research Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China

Effects of Al addition to a Mg±Bi binary alloy on its microstructural characteristics and tensile properties after extrusion are investigated via extrusion of Mg-3Bi±x Al(x=0,1,and 2 wt%)billets and analysis of the extruded *** Al addition negligibly affects the second-phase particles of the extruded alloy;however,an increase in the Al content causes significant decreases in the average grain size and maximum texture intensity of the extruded material owing to an increase in the area fraction of dynamically recrystallized(DRXed)*** Al addition improves the strength of the extruded alloy;this improvement is attributed to the enhanced grain-boundary hardening and solid-solution hardening effects induced by grain refinement and Al solute atoms,*** the Al content increases from 0 wt%to 1 wt%and 2 wt%,the tensile elongation increases substantially from 2.8%to 9.4%and 16.9%,*** reduction in the number and size of un DRXed grains with increasing Al content suppresses the formation and coalescence of cracks in the un DRXed grains during tension,which results in a significant improvement in the tensile ductility of the extruded *** tensile deformation,large undesirable twins that act as crack initiation sites are locally formed in the un DRXed grains of the Mg-3Bi alloy,whereas relatively smaller twins are uniformly formed in both the DRXed and the un DRXed grains of the Mg-3Bi-2Al ***,the extruded Mg-3Bi-2Al alloy has a substantially higher tensile yield strength±elongation product(2924 MPa%)than the extruded Al-free B3 alloy(381 MPa%).

关键词： Mg-Bi-Al alloy Extrusion Microstructure Strength Ductility

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