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P-ROCK: A Sustainable Clustering Algorithm for Large Categorical Datasets

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 553-566页

作者： Ayman Altameem Ramesh chandra Poonia Ankit Kumar Linesh Raja Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Applied Studies and Community ServicesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11533Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science CHRIST(Deemed to be University)Bangalore560029India Department of Computer Engineering and Applications GLA UniversityMathuraUPIndia Department of Computer Application Manipal University JaipurRajasthan303007India Information Systems Department Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia

Data clustering is crucial when it comes to data processing and *** new clustering method overcomes the challenge of evaluating and extracting data from big *** or categorical data can be *** clustering methods favor numerical data clustering and ignore categorical data *** recently,the only way to cluster categorical data was to convert it to a numeric representation and then cluster it using current numeric clustering ***,these algorithms could not use the concept of categorical data for *** that,suggestions for expanding traditional categorical data processing methods were *** addition to expansions,several new clustering methods and extensions have been proposed in recent *** is an adaptable and straightforward algorithm for calculating the similarity between data sets to cluster *** paper aims to modify the algo-rithm by creating a parameterized version that takes specific algorithm parameters as input and outputs satisfactory cluster *** parameterized ROCK algorithm is the name given to the modified algorithm(P-ROCK).The proposed modification makes the original algorithm moreflexible by using user-defined parameters.A detailed hypothesis was developed later validated with experimental results on real-world datasets using our proposed P-ROCK algorithm.A comparison with the original ROCK algorithm is also *** results show that the proposed algorithm is on par with the original ROCK algorithm with an accuracy of 97.9%.The proposed P-ROCK algorithm has improved the runtime and is moreflexible and scalable.

关键词： ROCK K-means algorithm clustering approaches unsupervised learning K-histogram

The Grand Challenges in Information Systems

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2022年第4期15卷 103-115页

作者： chandra Amaravadi School of Computer Sciences Western Illinois University Macomb USA

The field of information systems has historically suffered from a pre-dominance of behavioral approaches. As a result, it is not surprising that in spite of decades of research, dozens of conferences and journals and thousands of researchers, very few breakthroughs have been achieved. This paper advocates a technical approach that focuses on improving existing systems in organizations by viewing them from the point of roles i.e. functions fulfilled by IS in organizations. These are understood as: 1) supporting operations, 2) providing information, 3) supporting decision making, 4) providing knowledge, 5) supporting knowledge and clerical work, and 6) supporting organizational design. It is generally agreed that the field’s understanding of fulfilling roles “1”, “2”, “3” and “6” is mature while understanding of areas “3” (for unstructured decisions), “4”, and “5” are still incomplete. The challenges in these areas are difficult problems that we refer to as grand challenges and discuss in this paper.

关键词： Challenges in Information Systems Information Systems Challenges Research in IS IS Research Technology Support

An Acoustic Analysis of Fluctuations for Inter-and Intra-Speaker Variability in Speech Sounds

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第1期9卷 38-43页

作者： Jasdeep Kaur Kailash chandra Juglan Kush Sharma Vishal Sharma Department of Physics School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjab Data Manager School of Community Medicine and Public HealthPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh Institute of Forensic Science and Criminology Panjab UniversityChandigarhIndia

Background:Variation in the speech of speakers is a crucial issue for the forensic *** main reason behind incorrect speaker identification is greater intra-speaker *** the forensic state of play,a lot of research has been carried out on speaker *** inter variations and intra fluctuations in speakers for the Punjabi language is still a grey *** and Objectives:Our aim is to study acoustic analysis of fluctuations for inter and intra speaker variability in speech *** our study,we will consider Punjabi vowel with *** Statistical methods will be applied to analyze the data;firstly,the Shapiro-Wilk test will be checked for normality and then Levene’s Test to assess the equality of *** and Method:Five vowels were selected with different *** were combined to make meaningful *** these meaningful words were embedded in *** speakers participated *** are students of A.S College at Khanna in *** individuals were aged between 20-22 years with no hearing or speech *** voice samples were recorded with help of good quality microphone and by Goldwave software in the sound proof *** were introduced directly into PRAAT software by the use of a Sony microphone and with sampling rate of 44100 Hz *** Analysis has been done with help of Goldwave software in form of *** and Conclusion:Each formant shows a different value for inter variations and inter speaker fluctuations.F1 and F2 shows lesser speaker variation than the high-frequency region in F3 and F4,so we can say that in comparison with the lower part,high-frequency regions are more *** assumptions for TWO-WAY ANOVA is violated and hence,we have used the non-parametric Friedman Test and performed its Post hoc *** Posthoc analysis,we can say that F1 and F2(p>0.05)and F2 and F3(p>0.05)gave the same type of ***,from the results of these st

关键词： Forensic voice identification Friedman test intervariations and intrafluctuations Punjabi

Dynamics of novel COVID-19 in the presence of Co-morbidity

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第2期7卷 138-160页

作者： Amit Kumar Saha chandra Nath Podder Ashrafi Meher Niger Department of Mathematics University of DhakaDhaka1000Bangladesh

A novel coronavirus(COVID-19)has emerged as a global serious public health issue from December *** having a weak immune system are more susceptible to coronavirus *** is a double challenge for people of any age with certain underlying medical conditions including cardiovascular disease,diabetes,high blood pressure and cancer ***-morbidity increases the probability of COVID-19 *** this paper a deterministic compartmental model is formulated to understand the transmission dynamics of *** mathematical analysis of the model shows that it exhibits backward bifurcation phenomenon when the basic reproduction number is less than *** the case of no re-infection it is shown that having the reproduction number less than one is necessary and sufficient for the effective control of COVID-19,that is,the disease free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when the reproduction threshold is less than ***,in the absence of reinfection,a unique endemic equilibrium of the model exists which is globally asymptotically stable whenever the reproduction number is greater than *** simulations of the model,using data relevant to COVID-19 transmission dynamics,show that the use of efficacious face masks publicly could lead to the elimination of COVID-19 up to a satisfactory *** study also shows that in the presence of co-morbidity,the disease increases significantly.

关键词： COVID-19 Co-morbidity Face-mask

Performance Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Classifying Hand Motion-Based EEG Brain Signals

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第9期42卷 1095-1107页

作者： Ayman Altameem Jaideep Singh Sachdev Vijander Singh Ramesh chandra Poonia Sandeep Kumar Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar Department of Computer Science College of Applied StudiesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11495Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal University JaipurJaipur303007India Department of Computer Science CHRIST(Deemed to be University)Bangalore560029India Department of Computer Science and Engineering CHRIST(Deemed to be University)Bangalore560074India Information Systems Department Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) records brain activity using electroencephalogram (EEG) headsets in the form of EEG signals;these signals can berecorded, processed and classified into different hand movements, which can beused to control other IoT devices. Classification of hand movements will beone step closer to applying these algorithms in real-life situations using EEGheadsets. This paper uses different feature extraction techniques and sophisticatedmachine learning algorithms to classify hand movements from EEG brain signalsto control prosthetic hands for amputated persons. To achieve good classificationaccuracy, denoising and feature extraction of EEG signals is a significant step. Wesaw a considerable increase in all the machine learning models when the movingaverage filter was applied to the raw EEG data. Feature extraction techniques likea fast fourier transform (FFT) and continuous wave transform (CWT) were usedin this study;three types of features were extracted, i.e., FFT Features, CWTCoefficients and CWT scalogram images. We trained and compared differentmachine learning (ML) models like logistic regression, random forest, k-nearestneighbors (KNN), light gradient boosting machine (GBM) and XG boost onFFT and CWT features and deep learning (DL) models like VGG-16, DenseNet201 and ResNet50 trained on CWT scalogram images. XG Boost with FFTfeatures gave the maximum accuracy of 88%.

关键词： Machine learning brain signal hand motion recognition braincomputer interface convolutional neural networks

The benefits of yoga in children

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第1期16卷 14-19页

作者： chandra Nanthakumar Faculty of University Foundation Studies HELP University

The number of children suffering from stress and anxiety in Malaysia is on the rise. Evidence shows that mind-body therapies such as mindfulness therapy, meditation and yoga have been practiced in many other countries to reduce and/or manage the psychological effects of stress and anxiety. This review arti- cle looks at the intervention of yoga as a meditative movement practice in helping school children man- age stress and anxiety. Articles were retrieved using a combination of databases including PubMed/ MEDLINE, and PsyclNFO. Not only peer-reviewed articles, but also those written in English language were included in this review. All studies reviewed had incorporated some form of meditative movement exer- cise. The intervention encompassed asanas （postures）, pranayama （expansion of life force）, dharana （con- centration） and dhyana （meditation）, which are the different paths in yoga. A total of eight articles met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. The findings of this review reveal that the practice of yoga has brought about, among other things, improvement in managing and reducing stress and anxiety. Despite the limitations in most, if not all of the studies reviewed, in terms of heterogeneity and sample size, yoga appears to be an effective modality for helping children cope with stress and anxiety. It appears that if schools in Malaysia can incorporate yoga as part of the physical education curriculum, it will definitely benefit the students.

关键词： Yoga Stress Physiology Anxiety Child

Role of remote sensing, geographic bioinformatics system and bioinformatics in kala-azar epidemiology

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2011年第6期25卷 373-384页

作者： Gouri Sankar Bhunia Manas Ranjan Dikhit Shreekant Kesari Ganesh chandra Sahoo Pradeep das Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (ICMR) Agamkuan Patna Bihar 800007 India

Visceral leishmaniasis or kala-azar is a potent parasitic infection causing death of thousands of people each year. Medicinal compounds currently available for the treatment of kala-azar have serious side effects and decreased efficacy owing to the emergence of resistant strains. The type of immune reaction is also to be considered in patients infected with Leishmania donovani （L. donovani）. For complete eradication of this disease, a high level modern research is currently being applied both at the molecular level as well as at the field level. The computational approaches like remote sensing, geographic information system （GIS） and bioinformatics are the key resources for the detection and distribution of vectors, patterns, ecological and environmental factors and genomic and proteomic analysis. Novel approaches like GIS and bioinformatics have been more appropriately utilized in determining the cause of visearal leishmaniasis and in designing strategies for preventing the disease from spreading from one region to another.

关键词： bioinformatics geographical bioinformatics systems (GIS) rK39 support vector machine (SVM)

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanowires and ZnO–CuO Nanoflakes from Sputter-Deposited Brass(Cu_(0.65)–Zn_(0.35)) Film and Their Application in Gas Sensing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第11期31卷 1069-1078页

作者： Bhagaban Behera Sudhir chandra Centre for Applied Research in Electronics Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

A novel method was presented for synthesis of ZnO and ZnO-CuO composites in the form of nanowires, nanorods and nanoflakes on oxidized silicon substrates. Further, the use of the synthesized nanostructures for gas sensing was demonstrated. Pure brass （Cu0.65-Zn0.35） films were deposited on oxidized Si substrate by radio frequency （RF） diode sputtering. Subsequently, these films having thickness in the range of 100-200 nm were oxidized in different oxidizing ambient in the temperature range of 300-550 ℃. The effect of temperature, time and oxidizing ambient on the growth of nanostructures was investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and photoluminescence （PL） techniques. The nanostructures surface was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. The synthesized nanowires had diameter in the range of 60-100 nm and length up to 50 μm. Based on these observations, the growth mechanism has been suggested. For the nanorods, the diameter was observed to be -150 nm. Samples having dense nanowires, nanorods and nanoflakes were used as a gas sensing material. The performance Of the sensor was investigated for different nanostructured materials for various volatile organic compounds （VOCs）, It was observed that ZnO- CuO nanoflakes were more sensitive to VOC sensing compared to ZnO nanowires and nanorods.

关键词： Brass Thermal oxidation Nanostructures ZnO CuO sensor Sensor Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

Effect of heavy metals and phenol on bacterial decolourisation and COD reduction of sucrose-aspartic acid Maillard product

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第1期25卷 172-180页

作者： Sangeeta Yadav Ram chandra Department of Environmental Microbiology School for Environmental SciencesBabasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University)

Melanodins are amino-carbonyl complex, predominantly present in sugarcane molasses based distillery wastewater as major source of colourant. The microbial decolourisafion of melanoidin is a challenge due to its binding property with other co-pollutants of distillery waste. Results revealed that the presence of Zn2＋（2.00-20.00 mg/L） in melanoidin solution （1200 mg/L） stimulated the bacterial growth and sucrose-aspartic acid Maillard product （SAA） decolourisation as compared to control, while Fe3＋ and Mn2＋ at the same concentration inhibited the process. However, the presence of phenol （100 mg/L） along with Zn2＋, Fe3＋ and Mn2＋ suppressed the bacterial growth, SAA decolourisation and MnP activity. The shrinkage and reduced number of bacterial cell count at higher concentration of heavy metals in presence of phenol was also observed under scanning electron microscope.

关键词： degradation manganese peroxidase melanoidin