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Impact of a new aggressive nutrition policy incorporating early introduction of parenteral nutrition and mother's own milk on growth of preterm infants

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第4期12卷 450-454页

作者： Chuen Siang Low jacqueline J Ho Revathy Nallusamy Penang Medical College Penang 10450Malaysia Department of Pediatrics Penang Medical CollegePenangMalaysia Department of Pediatrics Penang HospitalPenangMalaysia

Background:Most of the evidence on early feeding of preterm infants was derived from high income settings,it is equally important to evaluate whether it can be successfully implemented into less resourced *** study aimed to compare growth and feeding of preterm infants before and after the introduction of a new aggressive feeding policy in Penang Hospital,a tertiary referral hospital in a middle income ***:The new aggressive feeding policy was developed mainly from Cochrane review evidence,using early parenteral and enteral nutrition with standardized breastfeeding counselling aimed at empowering mothers to provide early expressed milk.A total of 80 preterm babies(34 weeks and below)discharged from NICU were included(40 pre-and 40 post-intervention).Pre and post-intervention data were *** primary outcome was growth at day 7,14,21 and at discharge and secondary outcomes were time to full oral feeding,breastfeeding rates,and adverse ***:Complete data were available for all babies to *** baby was discharged prior to day 14 and 10 babies before day 21,so growth data for these babies were *** data were similar in the two *** was no significant weight difference at 7,14,21 days and at *** post-intervention babies were breastfed at discharge than pre-intervention babies(21 vs.8,P=0.005).Nosocomial infection(11 vs.4,P=0.045),and blood transfusion were significantly lower in the postintervention babies than in the pre-intervention babies(31 vs.13,P=0.01).The post-intervention babies were more likely to achieve shorter median days(interquartile range)to full oral feeding[11(6)days vs.13(11)days,P=0.058]and with lower number affecting necrotising enterocolitis(0 vs.5,P=0.055).Conclusion:Early aggressive parenteral nutrition and early provision of mother’s milk did not result in improved growth as evidenced by weight gain at *** we found more breastfeeding babies,lower nosocom

关键词： early breastfeeding early parenteral nutrition pediatrics preterm babies

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Neuroprotective action of Ginkgo biloba on the enteric nervous system of diabetic rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第7期17卷 898-905页

作者： Glasiella Gonzalez Perez da Silva jacqueline Nelisis Zanoni Nilza Cristina Buttow Department of Morphological Sci-ences Universidade Estadual de Maringá Av. Colombo 5790Bloco H-79 CEP 87020-900 Maringá PR Brazil

AIM: To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on the enteric neurons in the small intestine of diabetic rats. METHODS: Fifteen Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group (C), diabetic group (D) and diabetic-treated (DT) daily with EGb 761 extract (50 mg/kg body weight) for 120 d. The enteric neurons were identified by the myosin-V immunohistochemical technique. The neuronal density and the cell body area were also analyzed. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in the neuronal population (myenteric plexus P = 0.0351; submucous plexus P = 0.0217) in both plexuses of the jejunum in group D when compared to group C. With regard to the ileum, there was a significant decrease (P = 0.0117) only in the myenteric plexus. The DT group showed preservation of the neuronal population in the jejunum submucous plexus and in the myenteric plexus in the ileum. The cell body area in group D increased significantly (P = 0.0001) in the myenteric plexus of both segments studied as well as in the ileum submucosal plexus, when compared to C. The treatment reduced (P = 0.0001) the cell body area of the submucosal neurons of both segments and the jejunum myenteric neurons. CONCLUSION: The purified Ginkgo biloba extract has a neuroprotective effect on the jejunum submucous plexus and the myenteric plexus of the ileum of diabetic rats.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Ginkgo biloba Myenteric plexus Submucous plexus Neuroprotection

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Drug resistance in the sexually transmitted protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis

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Cell Research 2003年第4期13卷 239-249页

作者： REBECCA L DUNNE,LINDA A DUNN,PETER UPCROFT,PETERJO’DONOGHUE,jacqueline A UPCROFT The Queensland Institute of Medical Research The Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health and Nutrition Brisbane Queensland 4029 Australia Tie School of Molecular and Microbial Science University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia The Queensland Institute of Medical Research The Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health and Nutrition Brisbane Queensland 4029 Australia The Queensland Institute of Medical Research The Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health and Nutrition Brisbane Queensland 4029 Australia The School of Molecular and Microbial Science University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia The Queensland Institute of Medical Research The Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health and Nutrition Brisbane Queensland 4029 Australia

Trichomoniasis is the most common, sexually transmitted infection. It is caused by the flagellated protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. Symptoms include vaginitis and infections have been associated with preterm delivery, low birth weight and increased infant mortality, as well as predisposing to HIV/AIDS and cervical cancer. Trichomoniasis has the highest prevalence and incidence of any sexually transmitted infection. The 5-nitroimidazole drugs, of which metronidazole is the most prescribed, are the only approved, effective drugs to treat trichomoniasis. Resistance against metronidazole is frequently reported and cross resistance among the family of 5-nitroimidazole drugs is common, leaving no alternative for treatment, with some cases remaining unresolved. The mechanism of metronidazole resistance in T. vaginalis from treatment failures is not well understood, unlike resistance which is developed in the laboratory under increasing metronidazole pressure. In the latter situation, hydrogenosomal fu

关键词： Trichomonas vaginalis metronidazole pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase ferredoxin hydrogenase drug resistance.

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Drug therapy for heart failure in older patients —what do they want？

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2015年第2期12卷 165-173页

作者： Donah Zachariah jacqueline Taylor Nigel Rowell Clare Spooner Paul R Kalra Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust Portsmouth P06 3L Y UK Glasgow Royal Infirmary Glasgow G40SF UK South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust TS4 3BW UK Servier Laboratories Ltd SL3 6P J UK

Chronic heart failure （CHF） is predominantly seen in older patients, and therefore real life medicine often requires the extrapolation of findings from trials conducted in much younger populations. Prescribing patterns and potential benefits in the elderly are heavily influenced by polypharmacy and co-morbid pathologies. Increasing longevity may become less relevant in the frail elderly, whereas improving quality of life （QoL） often becomes priority; the onus being on improving wellbeing, maintaining independence for longer, and delaying institution- alisation. Specific studies evaluating elderly patients with CHF are lacking and little is known regarding the tolerability and side-effect profile of evidence based drug therapies in this population. There has been recent interest on the impact of heart rate in patients with symptomatic CHF. Ivabradine, with selective heart rate lowering capabilities, is of benefit in patients with CHF and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in sinus rhythm, resulting in reduction of heart failure hospitalisation and cardiovascular death. This manuscript will focus on CHF and the older patient and will discuss the impact of heart rate, drug therapies and tolerability. It will also highlight the tmmet need for specific studies that focus on patient-centred study end points rather than mortality targets that characterise most therapeutic trials. An on-going study evalu- ating the impact of ivabradine on QoL that presents a unique opportunity to evaluate the tolerability and impact of an established therapy on a wide range of real life, older patients with CHF will be discussed.

关键词： Heart failure Heart rate Quality of life The elderly

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Gut Microbiota in Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease and in Other Chronic Metabolic Diseases

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第2期9卷 227-238页

作者： Winston Hernández-Ceballos jacqueline Cordova-Gallardo Nahum Mendez-Sanchez Plan of Combined Studies in Medicine(PECEM-MD/PhD) Faculty of MedicineNational Autonomous University of MexicoMexico CityMexico Department of Hepatology Service of Surgery and Obesity ClinicGeneral Hospital“Dr.Manuel Gea González”Mexico CityMexico Faculty of Medicine.National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico CityMexico Liver Research Unit Medica Sur Clinic&FoundationMexico CityMexico

The gut microbiome plays a key role in the health-disease balance in the human *** its composition is unique for each person and tends to remain stable throughout lifetime,it has been shown that certain bacterial patterns may be determining factors in the onset of certain chronic metabolic diseases,such as type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),obesity,metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),and metabolic *** gut-liver axis embodies the close relationship between the gut and the liver;disturbance of the normal gut microbiota,also known as dysbiosis,may lead to a cascade of mechanisms that modify the epithelial properties and facilitate bacterial *** of gut microbiota is fundamental to maintaining gut integrity,as well as the bile acids *** the present review,we summarize the current knowledge regarding the microbiota,bile acids composition and their association with MAFLD,obesity,T2DM and metabolic syndrome.

关键词： Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis Gut microbiota Gut-liver axis Dysbiosis Bile acids

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Stakeholder responses to mandating environmental,social and governance reporting in Hong Kong China

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2024年第2期17卷 1-30页

作者： Ricky Chung Lyndie Bayne jacqueline Birt Department of Accounting and Finance The University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia UWA Business School The University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia

We examine stakeholders’comment letters regarding the Hong Kong China Exchange’s(HKEX)2015 Consultation Paper,which proposed mandating ESG reporting in Hong Kong *** test for significant differences in responses between stakeholder groups and whether the HKEX’s decision was consistent with stakeholders’preferences in the consultation *** comment letters submitted by six lobbying groups—preparers,investors,the accounting profession,NGOs,other institutions and individuals—we analyze survey responses using textual analysis software and statistical *** find that users and the accounting profession participated more than *** also find that preparers and users took different positions on mandating ESG reporting when lobbying the HKEX,whereas preparers and the accounting profession advocated similar ***,we find a significant association between stakeholder groups’preferences and the HKEX’s decision on most proposed changes.

关键词： Lobbying ESG reporting Non-financial disclosure Hong Kong China

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IN PRAISE OF SHARING AS A STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE HOUSING

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Journal of Green Building 2010年第1期5卷 155-163页

作者： jacqueline McIntosh John Gray Sasha Maher Faculty of Architecture and Design Victoria University of Wellington Victoria University of Wellington University of Auckland

A central theoretical principle of sustainability is the interdependence of economic,socio-cultural,environmental,and equity *** core idea is that sustainability is achieved only by balancing these *** practice,however,this balance is rarely evidenced in the design and production of housing,despite the mass of research into sustainable *** paper discusses some of the political,economic and socio-cultural issues at work in sustainable housing *** illustrates how the notion of sustainability has come to be represented by ecologically-focused models,while other approaches to sustainable housing design,such as shared housing models,are barely mentioned in the *** paper argues that modernist imperatives,such as demands for speed and status undermine sustainable housing design and obscure its *** authors suggest that in the planning and design of sustainable housing attention should be given to the sharing of resources and space as an added method of conservation,and conclude that current imbalances in research agendas and socio-cultural practices create a blind spot in the sustainable housing debate.

关键词： conjoined housing shared housing sustainable housing Pacific island housing

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Design rules for strong electro-optic materials

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 579-587页

作者： Ali K.Hamze Marc Reynaud jacqueline Geler-Kremer Alexander A.Demkov Department of Physics The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

The explosive rise of silicon photonics has led to renewed interest in the electro-optic(EO)or Pockels effect due to its potential uses in many next generation device *** find materials with a strong EO response in thin film form,which are essential for low power and small footprint devices,one needs to find a general design rule for strong Pockels materials.

关键词： materials film optic

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Cuticular hydrocarbon profiles differ between ant body parts:implications for communication and our understanding of CHC diffusion

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Current Zoology 2021年第5期67卷 531-540页

作者： Philipp P.SPRENGER Lisa J.GERBES jacqueline SAHM Florian MENZEL Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution(iomE) Johannes Gutenberg-University MainzHanns-Dieter Husch-Weg 15Mainz55128Germany Department of Evolutionary Animal Ecology University of BayreuthUniversitatsstraße 30Bayreuth95477Germany Senckenberg Research Institute Senckenberganlage 2560325 Frankfurt am MainGermany

Insect cuticular hydrocarbons(CHCs)serve as communication signals and protect against *** form complex blends of up to 150 different *** to differences in molecular packing,CHC classes differ in melting *** is especially important in social insects like ants,which use CHCs to communicate within the colony and to recognize *** recognition models often assume a homogenous colony odor,where CHCs are collected,mixed,and redistributed in the postpharyngeal gland(PPG).Via diffusion,recognition cues should evenly spread over the body ***,CHC composition should be similar across body parts and in the *** test this,we compared CHC composition among whole-body extracts,PPG,legs,thorax,and gaster,across 17 ant species from 3 *** CHC composition differed between body parts,with consistent patterns across species and CHC ***-melting CHC classes were most abundant in the *** contrast,whole body,gaster,thorax,and legs had increasing proportions of CHC classes with higher melting *** CHC variation was highest for rather solid,late-melting CHC classes,suggesting that CHCs differ in their diffusion rates across the body *** results show that body parts strongly differ in CHC composition,either being rich in rather solid,late-melting,or rather liquid,early-melting *** implies that recognition cues are not homogenously present across the insect ***,the unequal diffusion of different CHCs represents a biophysical mechanism that enables caste differences despite continuous CHC exchange among colony members.

关键词： nestmate recognition Formicidae eusocial insects melting temperature cuticle regionalization pheromones

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Self-perceptions and social–emotional classroom engagement following structured physical activity among preschoolers: A feasibility study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第2期6卷 241-247页

作者： Spyridoula Vazou Constantine Mantis Gayle Luze jacqueline S.Krogh Department of Kinesiology Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Department of Human Development and Family Studies Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Background: The well-rounded development of the child, including physical, cognitive, emotional, and social health, may be the most efficient route to well-being and academic success. The primary goal was to investigate the feasibility of implementing a 12-week structured program of physical activity(PA) incorporating cognitive, social, and emotional elements in preschool. Additionally, this study, using a within-subject design,examined the acute effects of a PA session on classroom engagement and changes on perceived competence and peer acceptance from the first to the last week of the ***: Twenty-seven preschoolers(mean age = 4.2 years) completed the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children before and after a twice-weekly PA program. Unobtrusive classroom observations were conducted for verbal, social, and affective engagement during the first and last week of the program, both following a structured PA session(experimental day) and on a day without PA(control day). Treatment fidelity was monitored to ensure that the intervention was delivered as ***: The children exhibited longer periods of verbal and social engagement during classroom periods that followed PA sessions than on non-PA days. Children also expressed more positive affect following PA sessions during the last week of the PA program. Despite high baseline scores,perceptions of general competence increased meaningfully(η2= 0.15, p = 0.05), driven by increase in perceptions of cognitive competence(η2= 0.15,p = 0.06).Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of providing structured PA program to preschoolers. Moreover, these initial findings suggest that purposely designed, structured PA may help advance the social–emotional engagement and perceived competence of preschool children.

关键词： Acute Intervention Long-term effects Movement Peer acceptance Perceived competence

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