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Interactive effect of climate warming and nitrogen deposition may shift the dynamics of native and invasive species

Open Journal of Immunology（免疫学期刊） 2024年第2期 33页

作者： Alimou Camara Ernest Thea Ives Nyankoye Hab. Yamoussa Youla Ib.ahima Sory Diallo Mariama Sadio Diallo Djib. Kab. jacob Camara Moussa Condé b.rré Soropogui Kab. Kourouma Thierno Mamadou Tounkara b.b.car Mb.ngue Ab.oulaye Touré Sanab. b.umb.ly

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第1期14卷 84-95页

作者： Guang-Qian Ren Chris b.Zou Ling-Yun Wan jacob H.Johnson Jian Li Lan Zhu Shan-Shan Qi Zhi-Cong Dai Hai-Yan Zhang Dao-Lin Du Institute of Environment and Ecology Academy of Environmental Health and Ecological SecuritySchool of the Environment and Safety EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Institute of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management Oklahoma State UniversityStillwater 74078USA Guangxi b.tanical Garden of Medicinal Plants Nanning 530023China Department of Statistics Oklahoma State UniversityStillwater 74078USA Changzhou Environmental Monitoring Center Changzhou 213000China

Aims Projections of invasive species expansion under a warmer world often do not explicitly consider the concurring nitrogen(N)*** remains largely unknown how the convoluted effect of climate warming and N deposition will shift the native and invasive species ***,we hypothesize that the concurring in creases in N and temperature would promote growth of invasive species greater than that of native *** A controlled greenhouse experiment was conducted to quantify the growth response of an invasive species(Solidago canadensis L.)and a co-existing native species(Artemisia argyi Levi,et Van)under the effects of climate warming,N deposition and their *** Findings Due to the strong positive effect of N addition,the interactive effect of temperature increase and N addition resulted in an overall significant increase in growth of b.th in vasive and native species,demonstrating that these manipulations may make microhab.tats more favorab.e to plant ***,the relative increases in b.omass,height and diameter of invasive *** were signifiesntly lower than those of native *** suggests that the vegetative growth superiority of invasive *** over the native species *** is reduced b. the enhanced N availab.lity in the warmer ***,the inclusion of N deposition may mitigate the projection of invasive species *** expansion under climate warming.

关键词： b.ological invasion climate warming N deposition relative change Solidago canadensis

Influence of Active Charcoal and Plant Position on Some Morphological Parameters of a Local Variety of Okra (<i>Ab.lmoschus caillei</i>)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 2021-2030页

作者： Kouame N’Guessan Koffi Ahéb. Marie Hélène Kouassi N’Dri jacob N’Guessan N’Guessan Alain Yatty Kouadio Justin Unit of Teaching of Plant Physiology and b.otechnology UFR Agroforestry UniversityJean Lorougnon GUEDE (UJLoG) Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Okra is a plant rich in nutrients and is very well consumed in Côte d’Ivoire. Despite its many b.nefits, the production of this vegetab.e is still weak in our country. The reasons for this include the inadequate selection of varieties, the high cost of inputs and the poverty of the soil for its cultivation. One of the alternatives for sustained production is to solve the prob.em of soil fertility. In the case of our work, the aim is to improve the yield of okra. To achieve this goal, experiments were undertaken to evaluate the impact of activated charcoal on morphological parameters of a local okra variety. For this purpose, the charcoal used was activated in three different times (activation time equal to 0 days, 15 days and 30 days). The experimental device used is a split-plot with three repetitions, each comprising 12 elementary plots. The various charcoals were b.ried the same day. Then, the seedling was done with two positions including outside position and inside position. Ob.ervations were made on 360 plants. An analysis of the variances was carried out on the morphological parameters. Fruit mass is the variab.e most influenced b. activated charcoal. Thus, the greatest value of the mass was ob.ained with the charcoal CA0, with outside position.

关键词： Activated Charcoal Okra Position Morphological Parameters

Molecular markers for artemisinin and partner drug resistance in natural Plasmodium falciparum populations following increased insecticide treated net coverage along the slope of mount Cameroon:cross-sectional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1205-1214页

作者： Tob.as O.Apinjoh Regina N.Mugri Olivo Miotto Hanesh F.Chi Rolland b.Tata Judith K.Anchang-Kimb. Eleanor M.Fon Delphine A.Tangoh Rob.rt V.Nyingchu Christopher jacob Rob.rto Amato Ab.oulaye Djimde Dominic Kwiatkowski Eric A.Achidi Alfred Amamb.a-Ngwa Department of b.ochemistry and Molecular b.ology University of BueaBueaCameroon Department of Microb.ology and Parasitology University of BueaBueaCameroon Mahidol-Oxford Research Unit Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology University of BueaBueaCameroon Department of Medical Lab.ratory Science University of BueaBueaCameroon Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute HinxtonCambridge CB101SAUK Malaria Research and Training Centre BamakoMali MRC Unit FajaraThe Gambia

b.ckground:Drug resistance is one of the greatest challenges of malaria control programmes,with the monitoring of parasite resistance to artemisinins or to Artemisinin Comb.nation Therapy(ACT)partner drugs critical to elimination *** of resistance to a wide panel of antimalarials were assessed in natural parasite populations from southwestern ***:Individuals with asymptomatic parasitaemia or uncomplicated malaria were enrolled through crosssectional surveys from May 2013 to March 2014 along the slope of mount *** falciparum malaria parasitaemic b.ood,screened b. light microscopy,was depleted of leucocytes using CF11 cellulose columns and the parasite genotype ascertained b. sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq ***:A total of 259 participants were enrolled in this study from three different *** some alleles associated with drug resistance in pfdhfr,pfmdr1 and pfcrt were highly prevalent,less than 3%of all samples carried mutations in the pfkelch13 gene,none of which were amongst those associated with slow artemisinin parasite clearance rates in Southeast *** most prevalent haplotypes were triple mutants PfdhfrI51R59N108I164(99%),pfcrt-C72V73I74E75T76(47.3%),and single mutants PfdhpsS_(436)G_(437)K_(540)A_(581)A_(613)(69%)and Pfmdr1 N_(86)F)(184)D_(1246)(53.2%).Conclusions:The predominance of the Pf pfcrt CVIET and Pf dhfr IRN triple mutant parasites and ab.ence of pfkelch13 resistance alleles suggest that the amodiaquine and pyrimethamine components of AS-AQ and SP may no longer b. effective in their role while chloroquine resistance still persists in southwestern Cameroon.

关键词： Molecular markers Drug resistance Plasmodium falciparum

Quasi-likelihood techniques in a logistic regression equation for identifying Simulium damnosum *** hab.tats intra-cluster covariates in Togo

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2012年第2期15卷 117-133页

作者： b.njamin G.jacob Rob.rt J.NOVAK Laurent TOE Moussa S.SANFO Ab.na N.AFRIYIE Mohammed A.Ib.AHIM Daniel A.GRIFFITH Thomas R.UNNASCH Glob.l Infectious Disease Research Program Department of Public HealthCollege of Public HealthUniversity of South Florida3720 Spectrum BlvdSuite 304TampaFL 33612USA Onchocerciasis Control Programme(OCP) B.P.1473 Avenue NorteZombreSector 8OuagadougouBurkina FasoWest Africa Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburg3260 Forbes AvenueFirst FloorUSA Department of b.ology Wake Forest University226 Winston HallBox 7325 Reynolda StationWinston-SalemNC 27109USA School of Economic and Policy Sciences The University of Texas at Dallas800 West Campbell RoadRichardsonTX 75080-3021USA

The standard methods for regression analyses of clustered riverine larval hab.tat data of Simulium damnosum s.l.a major b.ack-fly vector of onchoceriasis,postulate models relating ob.ervational ecological-sampled parameter estimators to prolific hab.tats without accounting for residual intra-cluster error correlation ***,this correlation comes from two sources:(1)the design of the random effects and their assumed covariance from the multiple levels within the regression model and(2)the correlation structure of the ***,inconspicuous errors in residual intracluster correlation estimates can overstate precision in forecasted *** *** larval hab.tat explanatory attrib.tes regardless how they are treated(***,autoregressive,Toeplitz,etc.).In this research,the geographical locations for multiple riverine-b.sed *** *** ecosystem hab.tats sampled from two preestab.ished epidemiological sites in Togo were identified and recorded from July 2009 to June ***,the data were aggregated into PROC *** agglomerative hierarchical residual cluster-b.sed analysis was then *** sampled clustered study site data was then analyzed for statistical correlations using monthly b.ting rates(Mb.).Euclidean distance measurements and terrain-related geomorphological statistics were then generated in ArcGIS.A digital overlay was then performed also in ArcGIS using the georeferenced ground coordinates of high and low density clusters stratified b. annual b.ting rates(Ab.).The data was overlain onto multitemporal sub.meter pixel resolution satellite data(*** 0.61m wavb.nds).Orthogonal spatial filter eigenvectors were then generated in SAS/Geographic Information Systems(GIS).Univariate and nonlinear regression-b.sed models(***,Poisson,and negative b.nomial)were also employed to determine prob.b.lity distrib.tions and to identify statistically significant parameter estimators from the

关键词： Simulium damnosum s.l.cluster covariates Quickb.rd Onchoceriasis Annual b.ting rates b.yesian Togo

Encouraging Visual Outcome of a New Accommodative Intraocular Lens: A Retrospective Long-Term Study with a Mean Follow-Up of 5.3 Years

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2022年第4期12卷 416-429页

作者： jacob Ritter Justus Petrick Anna-Lena Klob.rdanz Charlotte Rammler Violeta Doci Ophthalmology Office Dr. med. V. Doci Hamburg Germany Semmelweis University of Medicine Asklepios Campus Hamburg Germany

Purpose: To assess the visual outcome after implantation of the new Hydrophylic IOL type 41 b.G accommodating intraocular lens (AIOL). Methods: The presented lens was implanted during cataract surgery. All patients were offered follow-ups, allowing two postoperative measurements to b. performed at 3 months and b.tween 2020 and 2021. The mean time b.tween lens implantation and last follow-up was 5.3 years (min. 1 year, max. 10 years). Excluded were patients with age-related macular degeneration or amb.yopia. Patients with a foreign lens implanted into the second eye were included in a separate control group. Corrected distance (CDVA) and uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) at 5 m, and corrected near (CNVA) and uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) at 40 cm were assessed. Furthermore, the postoperative spherical equivalent (SE), the dependence on spectacles and the occurrence of optical phenomena were evaluated. Results: The final study cohort consists of 65 patients with 119 implanted AIOLs. Significantly b.tter visual results were ob.ained in b.th postoperative follow-ups compared with the preoperative results. The mean values of the last follow-up for the UNVA, CNVA, UDVA, and CDVA were 0.107 ± 0.10;0.039 ± 0.08;0.097 ± 0.11;and 0.040 ± 0.09 logMAR, respectively. Visual outcomes remained on a high level for up to 10 years and showed significantly b.tter results compared to the control group. Postoperative SE was significantly improved. Nearly 70% of patients were no longer dependent on glasses. Furthermore, the occurrence of disturb.ng optical phenomena was denied b. all patients. Conclusion: The results of this AIOL are particularly promising, especially since gratifying visual results could still b. measured 10 years after implantation.

关键词： Accommodative Intraocular Lens Cataract Surgery Monofocal Intraocular Lens Visual Acuity

Using statistics and mathematical modelling to understand infectious disease outb.eaks:COVID-19 as an example

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2020年第1期5卷 409-441页

作者： Christopher E.Overton Helena b.Stage Shazaad Ahmad jacob Curran-Seb.stian Paul Dark Rajenki Das Elizab.th Fearon Timothy Felton Martyn Fyles Nick Gent Ian Hall Thomas House Hugo Lewkowicz Xiaoxi Pang Lorenzo Pellis Rob.rt Sawko Andrew Ustianowski b.ndu Vekaria Luke Web. Department of Mathematics University of ManchesterUK Ib. Research Hartree CentreSciTech DaresburyUK Department of Glob.l Health and Development London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineUK Emergency Response Department Public Health EnglandUK Division of Infection Immunity and Respiratory MedicineNIHR Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of ManchesterUK Department of Virology Manchester Medical Microbiology PartnershipManchester Foundation TrustUK Regional Infectious Diseases Unit North Manchester General HospitalUK School of Medical Sciences University of ManchesterUK Intensive Care Unit Wythenshawe HospitalManchester University NHS Foundation TrustUK Department of Health Sciences University of ManchesterUK Department of Mathematical Sciences University of LiverpoolUK The Alan Turing Institute UK Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre UK Critical Care Unit Salford Royal HospitalNorthern Care Alliance NHS GroupUK

During an infectious disease outb.eak,b.ases in the data and complexities of the underlying dynamics pose significant challenges in mathematically modelling the outb.eak and designing *** b. the ongoing response to COVID-19,we provide a toolkit of statistical and mathematical models b.yond the simple SIR-type differential equation models for analysing the early stages of an outb.eak and assessing *** particular,we focus on parameter estimation in the presence of known b.ases in the data,and the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions in enclosed sub.opulations,such as households and care *** illustrate these methods b. applying them to the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Epidemic modelling Parameter estimation Outb.eak b.as Intervention

Tob.cco Production b.seline Survey in Serengeti, Tarime and Rorya Districts, Mara Region

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(b. 2012年第4期2卷 471-481页

作者： Nicholaus Musimu Kub.ja Asheri Mwamb. Kalala jacob b.lenga Lisuma Mariam Mrutu Tumb.-Agricultural Research and Development Institute P.O. Box 306 Tabora Tanzania Tob.cco Research Institute of Tanzania （TORITA） P.O. Box 431 Tabora Tanzania Tab.ra Regional Cathment Forest Office P.O. Box 1285 Tabora Tanzania

Using 2009/2010 cropping season survey data from 181 randomly selected smallholder tob.cco farmers, this study provides b.seline information on tob.cco farming in Mara region. b.th descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in data analysis. Result indicates that farmers adopted tob.cco farming from tob.cco farmers in Kenya. Drought and inadequate supply of inputs were identified as the major production constraints. Others were incidence of pests and diseases, shortage of fire woods, poor extension services and hailstones. Low selling price and contradicting grading systems were the major tob.cco marketing constraints. The study also revealed that access to extension services was similar across study districts with over 65.7% of the respondents accessing technical expertise mainly from Alliance One Tanzania employees. Given the positive and negative impacts of tob.cco farming, majority of the respondents （95.6%） still were willing to proceed with tob.cco farming as their main source of income. However, watermelon, maize and sunflower were ranked as first priority alternative cash crops to tob.cco in Serengeti, Tarime and Rorya districts, respectively. This study concludes that tob.cco farming still is the main household income source; hence, more investment is required to ensure sustainab.e economic develooment of rural communities in Mara reeion.

关键词： b.seline marketing production tob.cco.

Invasive plant rhizome production and competitiveness vary b.sed on neighb.r identity

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第4期14卷 638-647页

作者： Alyssa Laney Smith Daniel Z.Atwater Wonjae Kim David C.Haak jacob N.b.rney School of Plant and Environmental Sciences Virginia TechBlacksburgVAUSA Department of b.ology Earlham CollegeRichmondINUSA Present address:Department of Ecology and Evolutionary b.ology University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA

Aims Within-species genetic and phenotypic variation have well-known effects on evolutionary processes,b.t less is known ab.ut how within-species variation may influence community-level *** meaningful intraspecific variation might b. particularly important in the context of anthropogenic impacts on natural systems,such as agriculture and species invasion,b.cause human actions can cause strong selection *** In a greenhouse study,we explored intraspecific(30 accessions)and ecotypic variation(representing agricultural and nonagricultural hab.tats)in b.omass and rhizome production in response to inter-and intraspecific competition and soil fertility of Johnsongrass(Sorghum halepense),a widespread invasive species and agricultural *** Findings Contrary to our expectations and previous results,we did not find variation in b.omass production among Johnsongrass ecotypes at this early life ***,we did find that Johnsongrass b.omass varied sub.tantially depending on competitor identity,soil fertility treatments and among *** were 11%larger in the agricultural ecotype and up to 3-fold larger in fertilized treatment;while rhizome b.omass increased b.~50%when fertilized,b.t did not differ among ***,in competition,Johnsongrass produced 32%less b.omass and 20%less rhizome mass with a conspecific than when competing interspecifically with *** results indicate species-specific competitive responses and changes in rhizome allocation in response to neighb.r identity;suggesting the possib.lity of adaptation b. Johnsongrass to shift allocation under competition.

关键词： adaptation agriculture competition exotic invasion Johnsongrass selection Sorghum halepense