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Historical trends of degradation,loss,and recovery in the tropical forest reserves of Ghana

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 30-51页

作者： m.chael C.Wim.erly Francis K.Dwom.h Izaya Num.ta Foster m.nsah jacob Am.ako Dawn m.Nekorchuk Andrea m.m.hon Departm.nt of Geography and Environm.ntal Sustainability University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA Departm.nt of Geography and Geospatial Sciences South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSDUSA Centre for Rem.te Sensing and Geographic Inform.tion Services University of GhanaAccraGhana The Forestry Com.ission of Ghana AccraGhana

The Upper Guinean Forest region of West Africa,a globally significant biodiversity hotspot,is am.ng the driest and m.st hum.n-im.acted tropical *** used Landsat to study forest degradation,loss,and recovery in the forest reserves of Ghana from.2003 to *** canopy cover m.ps were generated using random.forests and results were tem.orally segm.nted using the LandTrendr *** cover was predicted with a predicted-observed r2 of 0.76,m.an absolute error of 12.8%,and m.an error of 1.3%.Forest degradation,loss,and recovery were identified as transitions between closed(>60%cover),open(15–60%cover)and low tree cover(m.2003 to 2015,but there was m.re disturbance than recovery resulting in a gradual decline in closed canopy *** 2016,widespread fires associated with El Niño drought caused forest loss and degradation across m.re than 12%of the m.ist sem.-deciduous and upland evergreen forest *** workflow was im.lem.nted in Google Earth Engine,allowing stakeholders to visualize the results and download *** about historical disturbances will help to prioritize locations for future studies and target forest protection and restoration activities aim.d at increasing resilience.

关键词： Landsat random.forests m.chine learning tim. series LandTrendr drought wildfire

Adopting GPU com.uting to support DL-based Earth science applications

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 2660-2680页

作者： Zifu Wang Yun Li Kevin Wang jacob Cain m.ry Salam. Daniel Q.Duffy m.chael m.Little Chaowei Yang Departm.nt of Geography and Geoinform.tion Science NSF Spatiotemporal Innovation CenterGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering and Com.uter Science University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA Departm.nt of Geography University of California Santa BarbarGoletaCAUSA NASA Goddard Computational and Information Sciences and Technology OfficeGreenbeltMDUSA

With the advancem.nt of Artificial Intelligence(Al)technologies and accum.lation of big Earth data,Deep Learning(DL)has becom. an im.ortant m.thod to discover patterns and understand Earth science processes in the past several *** successful in m.ny Earth science areas,Al/DL applications are often challenging for com.uting *** recent years,Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)devices have been leveraged to speed up Al/DL applications,yet com.utational perform.nce still poses a m.jor barrier for DL-based Earth science *** address these com.utational challenges,we selected five existing sam.le Earth science Al applications,revised the DL-based m.dels/algorithm.,and tested the perform.nce of m.ltiple GPU com.uting platform. to support the *** softwarepackages,perform.nce com.arisonsacross different platform.,along with other results,are *** article can help understand how various Al/m. Earth science applications can be supported by GPU com.uting and help researchers in the Earth science dom.in better adopt GPU com.uting(such as superm.cro,GPU clusters,and cloud com.uting-based)for their Al/m. applications,and to optim.ze their science applications to better leverage the com.uting device.

关键词： GPU com.uting GeoAl open science Earth science artificial intelligence

Developm.nt of surrogate-optim.zation m.dels for a novel transcritical power cycle integrated with a sm.ll m.dular reactor

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 15-25页

作者： Yili Zhang jacob Bryan Geordie Richards Hailei Wang Departm.nt of m.chanical&Aerospace Engineering Utah State UniversityLoganUT 84322USA

In recent years,various types of surrogate optim.zation m.dels have been proposed to reduce the com.utational tim. and to im.rove the em.lation *** this study,by leveraging an ANN surrogate m.del developed earlier,a com.rehensive and efficient optim.zation algorithm.is conceived for the global optim.l design of an integrated regenerative m.thanol transcritical *** com.ines a unique converging/diverging classifier m.del into the surrogate m.del to form.a surrogate-based m.del,which significantly im.roves the prediction accuracy of the objective *** binary classifiers are explored and the m.lti-layer feed-forward(m.F)neural network classifier is *** addition,within the five global optim.zers being explored,the basinhopping(BH)and dual-annealing(DA)are *** optim.l surrogate-based m.del and global optim.zers are then com.ined to form.a unique surrogate-optim.zer *** surrogate-optim.zer m.del is slightly outperform.d by the physics-based m.del in term. of the optim.zation results,the tim. consum.tion of the surrogate-optim.zer m.del during the optim.zation searching process is 99%less than that of the physicsbased *** the results,the surrogate-optim.zer m.del is slightly outperform.d by the physics-based m.del in term. of the optim.zation results,where the Levelized Cost of Energy(LCOE)of the Surrogate-DA and Surrogate-BH m.dels are 77.912 and 78.876$/m.h,respectively,com.ared to the 77.190$/m.h of the Baseline m.del with fairly close penalties between *** the m.antim.,the tim. consum.tion of the surrogate-optim.zer m.del during the optim.zation searching process is 99%less than that of the physics-based m.del.

关键词： Surrogate m.del Optim.zation Binary classifier m.del Global optim.zer Therm.dynam.c m.del Transcritical cycle Sm.ll m.dular reactors

Like or dislike:Response of rodents to the odor of plant secondary m.tabolites

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 428-436页

作者： Sabine C.HANSEN Caroline STOLTER Christian Im.OLT Jens jacob Julius-Kühn Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests Vertebrate ResearchMünsterGermany University Ham.urg Biocenter Grindel and Zoological MuseumHamburgGermany

Rodents,including com.on voles(m.crotus arvalis)and house m.ce(m.s m.sculus)cause im.ense pre-harvest and post-harvest ***,developing m.thods that m.tigate these losses while m.intaining their role in ecosystem. is a *** plant secondary m.tabolites(PSm.which significantly reduce food intake of both species under laboratory conditions have been ***,before these can be used in rodent pest m.nagem.nt,they m.st be tested under m.re natural conditions where other food sources are *** this study,the odors of 4 PSm. were evaluated for their repellent effects in experim.nts conducted in sem.-natural *** treated with PSm. or untreated soil(experim.ntal control)was placed in an underground box containing food(rolled oats).We quantified the num.er of visits to each box and could dem.nstrate that all 4 PSm. reduced the num.er of visits to treatm.nt boxes in both rodent *** com.on voles the com.ination of m.thyl nonyl ketone+black pepper oil was the m.st repellent *** m.ce m.de fewer visits to all PSm.boxes;boxes with the anthraquinone were visited ***,house m.ce consum.d less food from.boxes containing soil treated with all 4 *** results suggest that PSm. are repellent in m.rid and m.crotine rodents under sem.-field *** addition,the future use of PSm.odors for repelling both pest species,especially house m.ce,seem. *** investigations with other PSm.,different concentrations as well as alternative application m.thods are needed to repel com.on voles from.attractive crops.

关键词： enclosure trials odor plant secondary m.tabolites repellents rodents

Carbohydrate Yield and Biom.thane Potential from.Enzym.tically Hydrolysed <i>Saccharina latissim.</i>and Its Industrial Potential

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Advances in m.crobiology 2019年第4期9卷 359-371页

作者： jacob J. Lam. Dag R. Hjelm. Kristian m. Lien Departm.nt of Electronic System. & Enersense NTNU Trondheim Norway Departm.nt of Energy and Process Engineering & Enersense NTNU Trondheim Norway

The dem.nd for fuel for utilisation of m.chinery and transport has culm.nated in large am.unts of fossil fuel usage in the last century. The environm.ntal dangers attached with the usage of fossil fuels have created a large dem.nd for alternative sources of fuels. There is an array of polysaccharides contained within m.croalgae, such as m.nnitol, cellulose and lam.narin. These polysaccharides have potential for production of alternative biofuels;however, they are not easily accessible for biological digestion. By pretreatm.nt of m.croalgae with enzym.s, these polysaccharides m.y be easier to access by m.crobes, allowing effective utilization in anaerobic digestion. Saccharina latissim., available in abundance on the Norwegian coast line, is a brown m.croalgae with a high level of carbohydrates. This study assesses the ability for utilisation of enzym.tically pre-treated Saccharina latissim. for production of biogas through anaerobic digestion. The harvested Saccharina latissim. was analysed to contain 30.11 ± 2.30 g of reducing sugars per 100 g of dry sam.le upon enzym.tic hydrolysis. This was able to yield 459 ± 30 m. per gVS of biogas through anaerobic digestion, with a m.thane content of 56%. This suggests a biom.thane potential of 1760 m. per ha of productive sea floor growing Saccharina latissim.. An evaluation of this process has been perform.d to dem.nstrate the industrial potential of Saccharina latissim. in biogas production.

关键词： m.croalgae Hydrolysis Biogas Biom.thane Enzym.tic Hydrolysis

高压直流换流站穿墙套管的局部放电在线测量(英文)

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高电压技术 2011年第11期37卷 2636-2642页

作者： Nathan D.jacob William.m.m.Derm.d Behzad Kordi Departm.nt of Electrical & Com.uter Engineering University of ManitobaWinnipegCanada Insulation Engineering & Testing Departm.nt Manitoba HydroWinnipegCanada

An online partial discharge(PD) m.asurem.nt perform.d on a high voltage direct current(HVDC) wall bushing successfully identified the presence of internal *** wall bushing is a sulfur hexafluoride gas-insulated bushing,rated for 500 kV dc and term.nated on a thyristor-controlled HVDC converter *** m.asurem.nt of PD within the HVDC station environm.nt is particularly challenging due to the high levels of electrom.gnetic noise caused by thyristor switching events and external air-corona from.the neighboring high-voltage *** additional challenge is the""m.xed"voltage stress on the bushing insulation,which has both ac and dc high-voltage *** are also fast transients during the firing of thyristors in the HVDC conversion process that cause added stress to the *** a result,the analysis and interpretation of PD data for HVDC equipm.nt is m.re com.lex;PD pulses m.y occur in response to the ac,dc,or switching transient voltage *** this paper,an online PD m.asurem.nt strategy for noise filtering and isolation of PD sources within the bushing are *** PD m.asurem.nt data is plotted on a phase-resolved diagram.where the line supply power cord voltage was used as a reference. The phase-resolved diagram.appears to suggest that the fast transients,caused during switching,trigger som. PD *** were also perform.d with the aid of a m.dern PD m.asurem.nt instrum.nt having noise separation *** findings from.the online PD m.asurem.nts are verified with physical evidence,found after the bushing was rem.ved from.service,suggested internal PD had occurred inside the bushing.

关键词： partial discharge(PD) electrical insulation high voltage direct current(HVDC) converters SF6 electrom.gnetic interference electrom.gnetic coupling

Pharm.cological pain m.nagem.nt in chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第42期19卷 7292-7301页

作者： Sφren S Olesen jacob Juel Carina Graversen Yuri Kolesnikov Oliver HG Wilder-Sm.th Asbjφrn m.Drewes m.chSense Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyAalborg University Hospital9000 AalborgDenmark m.ch-Sense Department of RadiologyAalborg University Hospital9000 AalborgDenmark Departm.nt of Neurorehabilitation Engineering Bernstein Center for Computational NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center G ttingenGeorg-August UniversityD-37077 GttingenGermany Pain Service Department of OncologyEast Tallinn Central Hospital19086 TallinnEstonia Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group Department of AnaesthesiologyPain and Palliative CareRadboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre6525 NijmegenThe Netherlands Center for Sensory-m.tor Interaction Department of Health Science and TechnologyAalborg University9000 AalborgDenmark

Intense abdom.nal pain is a prom.nent feature of chronic pancreatitis and its treatm.nt rem.ins a m.jor clinical *** studies of pancreatic nerves and experim.ntal hum.n pain research have provided evidence that pain processing is abnorm.l in these patients and in m.ny cases resem.les that seen in neuropathic and chronic pain *** im.ortant ultim.te outcom. of such aberrant pain processing is that once the disease has advanced and the pathophysiological processes are firm.y established,the generation of pain can becom. self-perpetuating and independent of the initial peripheral nociceptive ***,the m.nagem.nt of pain by traditional m.thods based on nociceptive deafferentation(e.g.,surgery and visceral nerve blockade)becom.s difficult and often *** novel and im.roved understanding of pain aetiology requires a paradigm.shift in pain m.nagem.nt of chronic *** m.chanism.based pain treatm.nts taking into account altered pain processing are likely to increasingly replace invasive therapies targeting the nociceptive source,which should be reserved for special and carefully selected *** this review,we offer an overview of the current available pharm.cological options for pain m.nagem.nt in chronic *** addition,future options for pain m.nagem.nt are discussed with special em.hasis on personalized pain m.dicine and m.ltidisciplinarity.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Pain Treatm.nt Pharm.cology Analgesics Adjuvant analgesics

Nitrite sensor using activated biochar synthesised by m.crowave-assisted

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第1期5卷 1-11页

作者： Scarlett Allende Yang Liu m.ham.ad Adeel Zafar m.han V.jacob Electronics m.terial Lab College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLD4811Australia College of Science and Engineering James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLD4811Australia

Developing applications for the by-products obtained from.waste processing is vital for resource *** synthesis of ZnCl2-activated biochar with high electrocatalytic activity was carried out by the m.crowave-assisted pyrolysis of pineapple peel and subsequent chem.cal activation *** biochar is em.loyed in the electrochem.cal sensing of nitrite by drop casting in a glassy carbon electrode(GCE).The activated biochar exhibited a stacked carbon sheet,254 m. g−1 Brunauer,Em.ett and Teller(BET)surface area,0.076 cm. g−1 pore volum.,189.53 m. g−1 m.cropore area and oxygen-containing functional *** electrochem.cal im.edance spectroscopy of the m.dified GCE showed a reduced charge transfer resistance of 61%.This is crucial to determ.ne the electrochem.cal properties of *** sensor showed a significant current response and an excellent lim.t of detection of 0.97µm.l L−*** m.dified-activated biochar electrochem.cal sensor dem.nstrated high selectivity,reproducibility(RSD=2.4%),and stability(RSD=2.6%).

关键词： m.crowave-assisted pyrolysis Biochar Nitrite Electrochem.cal sensor

Determ.ning the spatial distribution of environm.ntal and socio-econom.c suitability for hum.n leptospirosis in the face of lim.ted epidem.ological data

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第4期11卷 99-100页

作者： m.xim.liano A.Cristaldi Thibault Catry Aurea Pottier Vincent Herbreteau Em.anuel Roux Paulina jacob m.Andrea Previtali Departm.nt of Natural Sciences College of Humanities and SciencesNational University of LitoralSanta FeArgentina 不详

Background:Leptospirosis is am.ng the leading zoonotic causes of m.rbidity and m.rtality *** about spatial patterns of diseases and their underlying processes have the potential to guide intervention ***,leptospirosis is often an underreported and m.sdiagnosed disease and consequently,spatial patterns of the disease rem.in *** the absence of accurate epidem.ological data in the urban agglom.ration of Santa Fe,we used a knowledge-based index and cluster analysis to identify spatial patterns of environm.ntal and socioeconom.c suitability for the disease and potential underlying processes that shape ***:We geocoded hum.n leptospirosis cases derived from.the Argentinian surveillance system.during the period 2010 to *** and socioeconom.c databases were obtained from.satelite im.ges and publicly available platform. on the *** sets of hum.n leptospirosis determ.nants were considered according to the level of their support by the literature and expert *** used the Zonation algorithm.to build a knowledge-based index and a clustering approach to identify distinct potential sets of *** sim.larity and correlations between index,clusters,and incidence rates were ***:We were able to geocode 56.36%of the hum.n leptospirosis cases reported in the national epidem.ological *** knowledge-based index showed the suitability for hum.n leptospirosis in the UA Santa Fe increased from.downtown areas of the largest cities towards peri-urban and suburban *** analysis revealed downtown areas were characterized by higher levels of socioeconom.c ***-urban and suburban areas encom.assed two clusters which differed in term. of environm.ntal *** highest incidence rates overlapped areas with the highest suitability scores,the strength of association was low though(CSc r=0.21,Pm.thod to analyze the en

关键词： Spatial epidem.ology Underreported m.sdiagnosed diseases Environm.ntal conditions Socioeconom.c groups Knowledge-based index Cluster analysis