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Environmental mercury exposure, semen quality and reproductive hormones in Greenlandic Inuit and European men： a cross-sectional study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 97-104页

作者： Emina Mocevic Ina O Specht jacob l marott Aleksander Giwercman Bo AG Jonsson Gunnar Toft Thomas lundh Jens Peter Bonde Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg Copenhagen NV DK-2400 Denmark Reproductive Medicine Centre Sk~ne University Hospital Malm6 Lund University Malm6 SE-20502 Sweden Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund SE-22185 Sweden Department of Occupational Medicine Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus DK-8000 Denmark

Several animal studies indicate that mercury is a male reproductive toxicant, but human studies are few and contradictory. We examined semen characteristics and serum levels of reproductive hormones in relation to environmental exposure to mercury. Blood and semen samples were collected from 529 male partners of pregnant women living in Greenland, Poland and Ukraine between May 2002 and February 2004. The median concentration of the total content of mercury in whole blood was 9.2 ng ml-1 in Greenland （0.2- 385.8 ng ml-1）, 1.0 ng m1-1 in Poland （0.2-6.4 ng ml-z） and 1.0 ng ml-I in Ukraine （0.2-4.9 ng ml-1）. We found a significantly positive association between the blood levels of mercury and serum concentration of inhibin B in men from Greenland （p=0.074, 95% confidence interval （CI）=0.021 to 0.126） and in an analysis including men from all three regions （p=0.067, 95% C1=0.024 to O. 110）. The association may be due to beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFAs）, which are contained in seafood and fish. No significant association （P〉O.05） was found between blood concentrations of mercury and any of the other measured semen characteristics （semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration, morphology and motility） and reproductive hormones （free androgen index {FAI）, follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）, luteinizing hormone （lH）, testosterone and lH xtestosterone） in any region. In conclusion, the findings do not provide evidence that environmental mercury exposure in Greenlandic and European men with median whole blood concentration up to 10 ng m1^-1 has adverse effects on biomarkers of male reproductive health.

关键词： blood mercury concentration environmental mercury exposure male fertility reproduction reproductive hormones semen characteristics semen quality

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ECG is not a reliable predictor of sudden cardiac death in the general population

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2013年第2期3卷 239-244页

作者： Juliane Theilade Redi Pecini jacob l. marott Gorm B. Jensen Copenhagen City Heart Study Bispebjerg Hospital Bispebjerg Denmark Department of Cardiology Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Denmark Department of Cardiology The Heart Centre Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark The Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia (DARC) Copenhagen Denmark

Objectives: To determine the predictive value of the ECG for sudden death in the general population. Design: In the Copenhagen City Heart Study, a randomly selected population sample in Copenhagen, Denmarkhas been followed prospectively since 1976. From this population sample, we analyzed ECGs of individuals who had suffered sudden cardiac death (SCD) before the age of 50 years and compared them with ECGs of a randomly selected control individuals from the same population sample. Specific ECG signs that could point toward a condition associated with a risk of SCD were noted. Results: From a total of 18,974 individuals in the cohort, 207 had died at an age younger than 50 years. Among these, 24 persons with SCD were identified. The most prevalent ECG abnormality was QRS fragmentation. We found no ECGs with long or short QTc, Brugada sign or WPW. The prevalence of signs of left ventricular hyper-trophy, early repolarization, or fragmentation was not different from the prevalence of these signs in the control group. Conclusion: In the Copenhagen City Heart Study, the ECG failed to predict SCD in persons who died before the age of 50 years.

关键词： Sudden Cardiac Death ECG Predictive Value of the ECG General Population Prediction of SCD Arrhythmia Cardiomyopathy Ischemic Heart Disease Copenhagen City Heart Study Prospective

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Pleistocene glaciation advances the cryptic speciation of Stellera chamaejasme *** a major biodiversity hotspot

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1192-1205页

作者： Santosh Kumar Rana Hum Kala Rana jacob Blandis Tianhui Kuang Juntong Chen Hengchang Wang Tao Deng Charles C.Davis Hang Sun CAS Key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Arkansas Biosciences Institute Arkansas State UniversityJonesboroArkansas 72401USA School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Biology and the L.H.Bailey HortoriumCornell UniversityIthacaNew York 14853USA BTI Computational Biology Center Boyce Thompson InstituteIthacaNew York 14853USA CAS Key laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan Botanical GardenWuhan 430074China Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology HerbariaHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusetts 02138USA

The mountains of Southwest China comprise a significant large mountain range and biodiversity hotspot imperiled by global climate *** high species diversity in this mountain system has long been attributed to a complex set of factors,and recent large-scale macroevolutionary investigations have placed a broad timeline on plant diversification that stretches from 10 million years ago(Mya)to the *** our increasing understanding of the temporal mode of speciation,finer-scale populationlevel investigations are lacking to better refine these temporal trends and illuminate the abiotic and biotic influences of cryptic *** is largely due to the dearth of organismal sampling among closely related species and populations,spanning the incredible size and topological heterogeneity of this *** study dives into these evolutionary dynamics of speciation using genomic and ecomorphological data of Stellera chamaejasme *** identified four previously unrecognized cryptic species having indistinct morphological traits and large metapopulation of evolving lineages,suggesting a more recent diversification(~2.67-0.90 Mya),largely influenced by Pleistocene glaciation and biotic *** factors likely influenced allopatric speciation and advocated cyclical warming–cooling episodes along elevational gradients during the *** study refines the evolutionary timeline to be much younger than previously implicated and raises the concern that projected future warming may influence the alpine species diversity,necessitating increased conservation efforts.

关键词： cryptic speciation glacial-interglacial Hengduan Mountains north-south migration Stellera chamaejasme

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In vivo measurement of NADH fluorescence lifetime in skeletal muscle via -ber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 121-134页

作者： Kathryn M.Priest jacob V.Schluns Nathania Nischal Colton l.Gattis Jeffrey C.Wolchok Timothy J.Muldoon Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleARUSA

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during metabolic processes such as glycolysis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS).NADH is autofluorescent,and itsfluorescence lifetime can be used to infer metabolic dynamics in living ***-coupled time-correlated single photon counting(TCSPC)equipped with an implantable needle probe can be used to measure NADH lifetime in vivo,enabling investigation of changing metabolic demand during muscle contraction or tissue *** study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based,minimally-invasive NADHfluorescence lifetime measurement in *** muscle loss(VMl)injuries were created in the left tibialis anterior(TA)muscle of male Sprague Dawley *** lifetime measurements were collected before,during,and after a 30 s tetanic contraction in the injured and uninjured TA muscles,which was subsequently-t to a biexponential decay model to yield a metric of NADH utilization(cytoplasmic vs protein-bound NADH,the A11/A22 ratio).On average,this ratio was higher during and after contraction in uninjured muscle compared to muscle at rest,suggesting higher levels of free NADH in contracting and recovering muscle,indicating increased rates of *** injured muscle,this ratio was higher than uninjured muscle overall but decreased over time,which is consistent with current knowledge of inflammatory response to injury,suggesting tissue regeneration has *** data suggest that-ber-coupled TCSPC has the potential to measure changes in NADH binding in vivo in a minimally invasive manner that requires further investigation.

关键词： Glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation energy metabolism volumetric muscle loss

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Is convenience really king? Comparative evaluation of catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in the public and private healthcare sectors of Viet Nam: a longitudinal patient cost study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-12页

作者： Nguyen Hoa Binh Quang Vo luan Nguyen Forse Rachel Jeanette Wiemers Anja Maria Christine Huynh Huy Ba Dong Thuy Thi Thu Phan Yen Thi Hoang Creswell jacob Dang Thi Minh Ha Nguyen lan Huu Shedrawy Jad l?nnroth Knut Nguyen Tuan Dinh Van Dinh luong Annerstedt Kristi Sidney Codlin Andrew James National lung Hospital Ha Noi Viet Nam Friends for International TB Relief Ha Noi Viet Nam Department of Global Public Health WHO Collaboration Centre On Tuberculosis and Social Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Stop TB Partnership Geneva Switzerland Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Background In Viet Nam, tuberculosis (TB) represents a devastating life-event with an exorbitant price tag, partly due to lost income from daily directly observed therapy in public sector care. Thus, persons with TB may seek care in the private sector for its flexibility, convenience, and privacy. Our study aimed to measure income changes, costs and catastrophic cost incurrence among TB-affected households in the public and private *** Between October 2020 and March 2022, we conducted 110 longitudinal patient cost interviews, among 50 patients privately treated for TB and 60 TB patients treated by the National TB Program (NTP) in Ha Noi, Hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Using a local adaptation of the WHO TB patient cost survey tool, participants were interviewed during the intensive phase, continuation phase and post-treatment. We compared income levels, direct and indirect treatment costs, catastrophic costs using Wilcoxon rank-sum and chi-squared tests and associated risk factors between the two cohorts using multivariate *** The pre-treatment median monthly household income was significantly higher in the private sector versus NTP cohort (USD 868 vs USD 578;P=0.010). However, private sector treatment was also significantly costlier (USD 2075 vs USD 1313;P=0.005), driven by direct medical costs which were 4.6 times higher than costs reported by NTP participants (USD 754 vs USD 164;Plted in no significant difference in catastrophic costs between the two cohorts (Private: 55% vs NTP: 52%;P=0.675). Factors associated with catastrophic cost included being a single-person household [adjusted odds ratio [(aOR=13.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36–138.14;P=0.026], unemployment during treatment (aOR=10.86; 95%CI: 2.64–44.60;Plated stigma (aOR=37.90; 95%CI: 1.72–831.73;P=0.021).Conclusions Persons with TB in Viet Nam face similarly high risk of catastrophic costs whether treated in the

关键词： Tuberculosis Patient cost Catastrophic cost Private sector Comparative analysis Viet Nam

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Shifts in reproductive strategies in the evolutionary trajectory of plant lineages

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Science China life Sciences 2024年

作者： Xin-Jian Zhang Xian-Han Huang jacob B.landis Quan-Sheng Fu Jun-Tong Chen Peng-Rui luo li-Juan li Heng-Yi lu Hang Sun Tao Deng State Key laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan International Joint laboratory for Biodiversity of Central Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Biology and the L.H.Bailey Hortorium Cornell University BTI Computational Biology Center Boyce Thompson Institute CAS Key laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences

Understanding the maintenance and shift in reproductive strategies is a fundamental question in evolutionary research. Although many efforts have been made to compare different reproductive strategies, the association between reproductive strategies and lineage divergence is largely unknown. To explore the impact of different reproductive strategies on lineage divergence, we investigated the evolution of clonality in Saxifraga sect. Irregulares+Heterisia. By integrating several lines of evidence, we found that the loss of clonality in Irregulares+Heterisia was associated with a progressive increase in diversification rate and intraspecific morphological diversity but with a reduction in species distribution range. Our findings provide insights into the ecological and evolutionary effects of different reproductive strategies,suggesting the necessity of integrating clonality into ecological and evolutional research.

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An evaluation of a catch and release trout regulation in Rapid Creek,South Dakota

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第5期8卷 558-563页

作者： jacob l.Davis South Dakota Department of Game Fish and Parks4130 Adventure TrailRapid CitySD57702USA

Often,catch and release regulations are meant to maximize a fisheries potential to create trophy fish.I evaluated adult Brown Trout populations at five locations within Rapid Creek within Rapid City,SD over a two-year *** each year,one of these locations was within a catch and release area,while two were *** 2012,density and biomass estimates were higher in a site located outside of the catch and release ***,size structure within the catch and release area was only significantly larger than one of the two sites outside of the regulation *** relative weight values were inversely related to density estimates,with the lowest density sites having the highest mean relative ***,a site outside of the catch and release area had the highest abundance and biomass estimates in *** cumulative length distribution was significantly different between the site within the catch and release area and the two located *** weight was significantly higher in the catch and release area than the two sites *** population characteristics within the catch and release area were not consistently better than outside,it is more likely that factors such as habitat and density dependence are impacting the Brown Trout population more than the regulation itself.

关键词： Trout Regulations Catch and release

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Structural and microstructural description of relaxor-ferroelectric transition in quenched Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)TiO_(3)-BaTiO_(3)

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第4期8卷 823-832页

作者： Andreas Wohninsland Ann-Katrin Fetzer Rachel Broughton jacob l.Jones K.V.lalitha Department of Materials-and Geosciences Technical University of Darmstadt64287DarmstadtGermany Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695USA

Quenching lead-free Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)TiO_(3)-based ceramics from sintering temperature is established to increasethe depolarization temperature,Td and the lattice *** situ synchrotron X-ray diffractionmeasurements were carried out on furnace cooled and quenched Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)TiO_(3)-BaTiO_(3)(NBT-BT)with 6and 9 mol.%BT to discern the field-induced ferroelectric *** fractions were determined fromfull pattern Rietveld refinements and utilized together with the change in unit cell volume to calculatevolumetric strain resulting from phase ***-6BT demonstrates a cubic symmetry in thefurnace cooled state but quenching stabilizes the rhombohedral R3c phase and delays the formation of afield-induced,long range-ordered tetragonal phase,thereby shifting the onset of macroscopic strain tohigher fields.A field-induced phase transition from a weakly distorted rhombohedral to tetragonal phasecan be observed in furnace cooled ***,this phase transition cannot be detected inquenched NBT-9BT,since the ferroelectric tetragonal P4mm phase is stabilized in the initial *** to the furnace cooled materials,both the quenched compositions exhibit overall negligiblevolumetric strain as a function of electric ***,scanning electron micrographs of chemi-cally etched,poled and unpoled samples reveal an increased lamellar domain contrast in the *** these findings strengthen the hypothesis of a stabilized ferroelectric order resulting in theabsence of a field-induced phase transformation in quenched NBT-BT.

关键词： lead-free Quenching Na_(1/2)Bi_(1/2)TiO_(3)-BaTiO_(3) Synchrotron diffraction Ferroelectric

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A review of late-stage tungsten fuzz growth

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Tungsten 2022年第3期4卷 184-193页

作者： jacob A.R.Wright Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridgeCB30FSUK

Tungsten will be used as the plasma-facing divertor material in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)fusion *** high temperatures and high ion fluxes,a‘fuzz’nanostructure forms on the tungsten surface with dramatically different properties and could contaminate the *** simulations and experimental observations have provided understanding of the initial fuzz formation process,there is debate over whether tungsten or helium migration is rate-limiting during late-stage growth,and the mechanisms by which tungsten and helium migrations ***,the proposed mechanisms are considered in *** is concluded that tungsten migration occurs by adatom diffusion along the fuzz *** helium migration through the porous fuzz to the tungsten bulk is also required for fuzz growth,for continued bubble growth and *** likely migrates due to ballistic penetration,although diffusion may *** is difficult to determine the limiting process,which may switch from helium penetration to tungsten adatom diffusion above a threshold *** for further research to clarify the mechanisms are then considered.A greater understanding of the fuzz formation mechanism is key to the successful design of plasma-facing tungsten components,and may have applications in forming porous tungsten catalysts.

关键词： Tungsten Tungsten fuzz Plasma-material interactions Fusion reactors

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Online machine learning for stream wastewater influent flow rate prediction under unprecedented emergencies

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第12期17卷 137-147页

作者： Pengxiao Zhou Zhong li Yimei Zhang Spencer Snowling jacob Barclay Department of Civil Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntario L8S 4L8Canada MOE Key laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Functional Material Suzhou Research Academy of North China Electric Power UniversitySuzhou 215213China Hatch ltd. Sheridan Science&Technology ParkMississaugaOntario L5K 2R7Canada

Accurate influent flow rate prediction is important for operators and managers at wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),as it is closely related to wastewater characteristics such as biochemical oxygen demand(BOD),total suspend solids(TSS),and *** studies have been conducted to predict influent flow rate,and it was proved that data-driven models are effective ***,most of these studies have focused on batch learning,which is inadequate for wastewater prediction in the era of COVID-19 as the influent pattern changed *** learning,which has distinct advantages of dealing with stream data,large data set,and changing data pattern,has a potential to address this *** this study,the performance of conventional batch learning models Random Forest(RF),K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN),and Multi-layer Perceptron(MlP),and their respective online learning models Adaptive Random Forest(aRF),Adaptive K-Nearest Neighbors(aKNN),and Adaptive Multi-layer Perceptron(aMlP),were compared for predicting influent flow rate at two Canadian *** learning models achieved the highest R2,the lowest MAPE,and the lowest RMSE compared to conventional batch learning models in all *** R2 values on testing data set for 24-h ahead prediction of the aRF,aKNN,and aMlP at Plant A were 0.90,0.73,and 0.87,respectively;these values at Plant B were 0.75,0.78,and 0.56,*** proposed online learning models are effective in making reliable predictions under changing data patterns,and they are efficient in dealing with continuous and large influent data *** can be used to provide robust decision support for wastewater treatment and management in the changing era of COVID-19 and also under other unprecedented emergencies that could change influent patterns.

关键词： Wastewater prediction Data stream Online learning Batch learning Influent flow rates

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