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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第4期7卷 430-435页

作者： américa Bendito Edmundo Barrios Department of Civil Engineering Universidad de Los Andes World Agroforestry Centre(ICRAF)

Three recent global agreements have been established to facilitate the implementation of global-level responsibilities to deal with disaster risk reduction(DRR),human development,and climate change adaptation(CCA)*** these agreements have a common goal of reducing social,economic,and environmental vulnerability,they have been developed by largely independent communities of *** has limited cross-fertilization despite the inherent multidimensional nature of global challenges and the considerable thematic *** argue that developing a transdisciplinary strategy that effectively integrates disciplines,approaches,and knowledge systems will lead to greater and more sustainable impacts,together with a more efficient use of financial *** approaches should be encouraged during planning of future development efforts so that risk reduction is conducted simultaneously with *** processes are central to generating contextsensitive knowledge to support decisions on CCA and DRR options that minimize trade-offs and maximize synergies and complementarities required to guide sustainable development ***,building codes together with climate and risk-smart research,education,and awareness raising,are identified as priority entry points to materialize the blending of DRR and CCA approaches and effectively reduce risk while mitigating and adapting to climate change.

关键词： Building codes Climate change adaptation Disaster risk reduction Sustainable development goals Transdisciplinary knowledge

A review of late-stage tungsten fuzz growth

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Tungsten 2022年第3期4卷 184-193页

作者： jacob A.R.Wright Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridgeCB30FSUK

Tungsten will be used as the plasma-facing divertor material in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)fusion *** high temperatures and high ion fluxes,a‘fuzz’nanostructure forms on the tungsten surface with dramatically different properties and could contaminate the *** simulations and experimental observations have provided understanding of the initial fuzz formation process,there is debate over whether tungsten or helium migration is rate-limiting during late-stage growth,and the mechanisms by which tungsten and helium migrations ***,the proposed mechanisms are considered in *** is concluded that tungsten migration occurs by adatom diffusion along the fuzz *** helium migration through the porous fuzz to the tungsten bulk is also required for fuzz growth,for continued bubble growth and *** likely migrates due to ballistic penetration,although diffusion may *** is difficult to determine the limiting process,which may switch from helium penetration to tungsten adatom diffusion above a threshold *** for further research to clarify the mechanisms are then considered.A greater understanding of the fuzz formation mechanism is key to the successful design of plasma-facing tungsten components,and may have applications in forming porous tungsten catalysts.

关键词： Tungsten Tungsten fuzz Plasma-material interactions Fusion reactors

The Epigenetic Reprogramming Roadmap in Generation of iPSCs from Somatic Cells

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第12期42卷 661-670页

作者： jacob Brix Yan Zhou Yonglun Luo Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University

Reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs） is a comprehensive epigenetic process involving genome-wide modifications of histones and DNA methylation. This process is often incomplete, which subsequently affects iPSC reprograming, pluripotency, and differentiation capacity. Here, we review the epigenetic changes with a focus on histone modification （methylation and acetylation） and DNA modification （methylation） during iPSC induction. We look at changes in specific epigenetic signatures, aberrations and epigenetic memory during reprogramming and small molecules influencing the epigenetic reprogramming of somatic cells. Finally, we discuss how to improve iPSC generation and pluripotency through epigenetic manipulations.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) Reprogramming Epigenetics Histone modification DNA methylation Epigenetic memory

Microwave ablation of hepatocellular carcinomas in octogenarians

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第3期6卷 24-30页

作者： jacob Freedman Department of Surgery and Urology Danderyd University HospitalStockholm 18288Sweden Department of clinical sciences Karolinska InstitutetStockholm 18288Sweden

Aim:To evaluate wether it is safe and meaningful to treat octogenarians with microwave ablation for hepatocellular *** an ageing population being healthier than previous generations,old limits for treating disease founded on patient age need to be *** of the most common tumour related death causes is hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).With the development of minimally invasive therapies with curative potential,new ground is being broken offering treatments to older patients in the hope of achieving prolongation and better quality of ***:In this retrospective single centre study of patients having a first microwave ablation therapy for HCC in a national referral centre for ablative liver treatments,septuagenarians(n=161,age 70-80)were compared with octogenarians(n=32,age 80-90).Results:Octogenarians selected for microwave ablation of HCC at a regional multidisciplinary team conference have similar outcomes as their younger control ***,complications and length of stay are not ***:Octogenarians who are fit for ablative treatment of HCC should not be disqualified on grounds of age,recognising that this group has an obvious immortality,or lead-time,bias as well as a probable selection bias in part explaining their good results.

关键词： Microwave ablation hepatocellular carcinoma octogenarians survival complications

Towards an L^p Potential Theory for Sub-Markovian Semigroups:Kernels and Capacities

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第4期22卷 1227-1250页

作者： Niels jacob RenéL.SCHILLING Department of Mathematics University of Wales SwanseaSingleton ParkSwansea SA 2 8 PP.United Kinadom FB 12-Mathematik Philipps-Universitat MarburgD-35032 MarburgGermany

We study in fairly general measure spaces （X,μ） the （non-linear） potential theory of L^p sub-Markovian semigroups which are given by kernels having a density with respect to the underlying measure. In terms of mapping properties of the operators we provide sufficient conditions for the existence （and regularity） of such densities. We give various （dual） representations for several associated capacities and, in the corresponding abstract Bessel potential spaces, we study the role of the truncation property. Examples are discussed in the case of R^n where abstract Bessel potential spaces can be identified with concrete function spaces.

关键词： nonlinear potential theory (r,p)-capacity Bessel potential space gamma.transform sub-Markovian semigroup

Rejection of Permacol~ mesh used in abdominal wall repair:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第34期15卷 4331-4333页

作者： Franchesca T Wotton jacob A akoh Surgery & Renal Services Directorate Plymouth Hospitals NHS TrustDerriford Hospital

Permacol mesh has shown promise when used in abdominal wall repair,especially in the presence of a contaminated surgical *** biomaterial,derived from porcine dermis collagen,has proposed advantages over synthetic materials due to increased biocompatibility and reduced foreign body reaction within human ***,we present a case report describing a patient who displayed rejection to a Permacol mesh when used in the repair of abdominal wound dehiscence following an emergency *** of the English language literature using PubMed and Medline, showed only two previously published cases of explantation of Permacoldue to sepsis or wound breakdown. The authors believe this is the first case of severe foreign body reaction leading to rejection of Permacol.Both animal and human studies show conflicting evidence of *** are several reports of successful use of Permacolto repair complex incisional herniae or abdominal walls in the presence of significant *** appears from the literature that Permacolis a promising material,but as we have demonstrated,it has the potential to evoke a foreign body reaction and rejection in certain subjects.

关键词： Abdominal wound closure Permacol rejection Foreign body reaction Biocompatibility

An efficient approach for anti-jamming in IRNSS receivers using improved PSO based parametric wavelet packet thresholding

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Satellite Navigation 2022年第3期3卷 51-70,I0003页

作者： jacob Silva Lorraine Kambham Madhu Ramarakula Department of ECE University College of EngineeringJNTUKKakinadaAndhra Pradesh533003India

The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System provides accurate positioning service to the users within and around India,extending up to 1500 ***,when a receiver encounters a Continuous Wave Interference,its positioning accuracy degrades,or sometimes it even fails to *** Packet Transform(WPT)is the most widely used technique for anti-jamming in Global Navigation Satellite System *** the conventional method suffers from threshold drifting and employs inflexible thresholding ***,to address these issues,an efficient approach using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization based Parametric Wavelet Packet Thresholding(IPSO-PWPT)is ***,a new parameter adaptive thresholding function is ***,a new form of inertia weight is presented to enhance the performance of ***,IPSO is used to optimize the key parameters of ***,the implementation of the IPSO-PWPT anti-jamming algorithm is *** performance of the proposed technique is evaluated for various performance metrics in four jamming *** evaluation results manifest the proposed method’s efficacy compared to the conventional WPT in terms of anti-jamming ***,the results show the ability of the new thresholding function to process various signals ***,the findings reveal that the improved PSO outperforms the variants of PSO.

关键词： Continuous wave interference(CWI) IRNSS Particle swarm optimization(PSO) Wavelet packet transform(WPT)

The impact of seasonality on multi-scale feature extraction techniques

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第1期13卷 9-21页

作者： Brian Moore jacob J.McKee Geographic Information Science and Technology Group Computational Sciences and Engineering DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA

A key component in constructing a broad-scale,gridded population dataset is fine resolution geospatial data accurately depicting the extent of human *** datasets are often developed using a wide range of methods and classification techniques,including the use of spatial features,spectral features,or the coupling of both to identify the presence of man-made structures from high-resolution satellite *** using spatial and textural-based descriptors to generate highresolution settlement layers for two dissimilar regions at the peak of seasonal disparity,this study attempts to quantify the influence of seasonality on the accuracy of a supervised,multi-scale,feature extraction framework for automated delineation of human *** generated by numerous models are evaluated against a reference dataset allowing for assessment of seasonal and feature differences in the context of *** or regional mapping of human settlement requires the assemblage of high-resolution satellite images with variegated acquisition characteristics(season,sun elevation,off-nadir,etc.)to produce a cloud-free composite image from which features are *** of this study suggest an emphasis on imagery criteria,in particular acquisition date,could improve classification accuracy when mapping human settlement at scale.

关键词： Remote sensing highresolution imagery image processing human settlement accuracy

Enhancing accessibility to web mapping systems with technology-aligned adaptive profiles

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第4期7卷 256-278页

作者： jacob Delfos Bert Veenendaal Tele Tan Department of Spatial Sciences Curtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia Department of Computing Curtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia

Web-based geographic information systems have advanced rapidly on the back of web-based technologies,increased bandwidths and access to Digital Earth imagery and ***,these advances are causing its capabilities to slowly overtake those of ***,the introduction of non-desktop devices such as smartphones,tablets and netbooks is starting to undo progress made towards standardisation of web-based *** varia-tions in screen sizes,computational power,bandwidth,and operating environ-ments are once again introducing the need to ensure software remains functional across different platforms,standards-compliant or *** two issues highlight the need for a mechanism to tune content and capability to end-users and their environment,to prevent information and complexity overload in a field already troubled by poor usability,while promoting cross-platform *** paper proposes the use of adaptivity to accommodate for users from different backgrounds accessing web mapping systems in different technical *** describes adaptive profiles aligned to the finite number of states a system can adopt,rather than the limitless range of user or environment characteristics that cannot be adapted *** profile consists of a combination of adaptive states comprising functionality,information detail,or technical demands to optimise for individual users or technical environments.

关键词： web mapping digital earth adaptivity usability compatibility user modelling

Colorectal cancer and pollution

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第28期16卷 3475-3477页

作者： am El-Tawil Department of Surgery University Hospital of Birmingham

The incidence of colorectal carcinoma is increasing in young patients, in contrast to the well established wisdom that it is exclusively diagnosed in patients older than 40 years. In this survey, we examined all possible risk factors, and we recommend a number of measures for early detection in young patients who are at risk of developing this malignant tumor.

关键词： Colorectal adenocarcinoma Food contamination Pesticides Young patients Free radicals