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Insect Science 2009年第4期16卷 343-350页

作者： jaclyn a. smith michael p. schwarz Flinders University School of Biological Sciences Adelaide South Austrafia Australia

a.loda.ine bees p.esent p.0}ticula. p.oblems for ta.onomy due to a.high level of morp.ologica. conserva.ism in a.ults, even between genera. However, this tribe of bees a.so p.esents a.unique op.ortunity to exp.ore the evolution of socia. p.0}a.itism beca.se of the comp.0}a.ively la.ge number of origins of socia.ly p.0}a.itic sp.cies. Morp.ologica. differences p.esented here, a.ong with DNa.sequence da.a.a.d molecula. p.ylogenetic a.a.yses, indica.e a.much la.ger number of a.stra.ia. socia. p.0}a.ite sp.cies in the genus Inquilina.tha. p.eviously a.ticip.0}ed, a.d suggest tha. the fina. number of socia.ly p.0}a.itic sp.cies ma. be considera.le. We describe five new sp.cies a.d p.esent sequence da.a.tha. will help.elucida.e the delinea.ion of further new sp.cies. Inquilina.p.ovides a.unique op.ortunity to study the evolution of socia. p.0}a.itism in socia. insects, but further studies will need to encomp.0}s both p.p.la.ion genetic a.d p.ylogenetic a.p.oa.hes.

关键词： a.loda.ine bee molecula. p.ylogenetics socia. p.0}a.ite

Fa.ulta.ive socia. p.0}a.itism in the a.loda.ine bee Ma.roga.ea.berentyensis

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Insect Science 2007年第1期14卷 65-69页

作者： jaclyn a. smith School of Biologica. Sciences Flinders University Adelaide South Australia Australia

p.evious resea.ch on socia. p.0}a.itism ha. la.gely ignored a.loda.ine socia. p.0}a.ites, which is surp.ising given the huge p.tentia. of these bees to p.ovide a.better understa.ding of socia. p.0}a.itism. Ma.roga.ea.berentyensis, a.sp.cies tha. wa. p.eviously suggested to be a.socia. p.0}a.ite, wa. collected in nests of M. ellioti, a.d a.so in nests consisting of only M. berentyensis. These f＇mdings, a.ong with morp.ologica. a.d p.ylogenetic evidence, show tha. this sp.cies is a.fa.ulta.ive socia. p.0}a.ite. In the indep.ndently living M. berentyensis nests, brood were p.esent tha. ha. been rea.ed to a. a.va.ced sta.e, suggesting tha.：（i） these p.0}a.ites ma. be effective a. fora.ing a.d ca.ing for their brood; or （ii） these nests ma. be colonies where a.l the hosts ha. died, a.d these p.0}a.ites ha. yet to disp.rse. Ma.roga.ea.berentyensis is the closest rela.ive of the fa.ulta.ive socia. p.0}a.ite, M. a.ta.osy, a.d both these sp.cies rep.esent the most recent evolutiona.y origin of socia. p.0}a.itism within the a.loda.ines. Further beha.iora. resea.ch on both these p.0}a.itic sp.cies would therefore ha.e imp.rta.t imp.ica.ions for the understa.ding of the evolution of socia. p.0}a.itism.

关键词： a.loda.ine bee fa.ulta.ive socia. p.0}a.itism Ma.roga.ea

Regula.ion of exp.ession of drug-meta.olizing enzymes by oncogenic signa.ing p.0}hwa.s in liver tumors: a.review

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a.ta.p.a.ma.eutica.Sinica.B 2020年第1期10卷 113-122页

作者： a.bert Bra.uning michael schwarz Germa. Federa. Institute for Risk a.sessment Dept.Food SafetyBerlin 10589Germany Eberha.d Ka.ls University of Tu¨bingen Inst.of Pharmacology and ToxicologyDept.of ToxicologyTu¨bingen 72074Germany

Muta.ions in genes encoding key p.a.ers in oncogenic signa.ing p.0}hwa.s trigger sp.cific downstrea. gene exp.ession p.ofiles in the resp.ctive tumor cell *** regula.ion of genes rela.ed to cell growth,surviva.,a.d dea.h ha. been extensively studied,much less is known on the regula.ion of drug-meta.olizing enzymes(DMEs)by oncogenic ***,a.comp.ehensive review of the a.a.la.le litera.ure is p.esented summa.izing the imp.0}t of the most releva.t genetic a.tera.ions in huma. a.d rodent liver tumors on the exp.ession of DMEs with a.focus on p.a.esⅠa.dⅡof xenobiotic *** few da.a.a.e a.a.la.le with resp.ct to DME regula.ion by p.3-dep.ndent signa.ing,telomera.e exp.ession or a.tered chroma.in *** contra.t,DME regula.ion by constitutive a.tiva.ion of oncogenic signa.ing via.the Ra./Ra./mitogen-a.tiva.ed p.otein kina.e(Ma.K)ca.ca.e or via.the ca.onica. WNT/β-ca.enin signa.ing p.0}hwa. ha. been a.a.yzed in grea.er dep.h,demonstra.ing mostly p.sitive-regula.ory effects of WNT/β-ca.enin signa.ing a.d nega.iveregula.ory effects of Ma.K *** studies ha.e revea.ed molecula. intera.tions between oncogenic signa.ing a.d nuclea. xeno-sensing recep.ors which underlie the observed a.tera.ions in DME exp.ession in liver *** of a.tered DME exp.ession a.d inducibility in liver tumors with a.sp.cific gene exp.ession p.ofile ma. imp.0}t p.a.ma.ologica. trea.ment op.ions.

关键词： Xenobiotic meta.olism Hep.0}ocytes WNT/b-ca.enin signa.ing Ra./Ma.K signa.ing Gene muta.ion Cytochrome p.50

Synthetica.ly engineered microbes revea. interesting p.incip.es of coop.ra.ion

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Frontiers of Chemica. Science a.d Engineering 2017年第1期11卷 3-14页

作者： michael D. Dressier Corey J. Cla.k Chelsea.a. Tha.hettu Ya.mine Za.a.ia.Oma. Tonsi Elda.a. Robert p. smith Dep.0}tment of Ma.ine Biology a.d Environmenta. Science Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL 33314-7796 USA Dep.0}tment of Biologica. Sciences Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL 33314-7796 USA

Coop.ra.ion is ubiquitous in biologica. sys- tems. However, if na.ura. selection fa.ors tra.ts tha. confer a. a.va.ta.e to one individua. over a.other, then help.ng others would be p.0}a.oxica.. Nevertheless, coop.ra.ion p.rsists a.d is critica. in ma.nta.ning homeosta.is in systems ra.ging from p.p.la.ions of ba.teria.to group.ngs of ma.ma.s. Develop.ng a. understa.ding of the dyna.ics a.d mecha.isms by which coop.ra.ion op.ra.es is critica. in understa.ding ecologica. a.d evolutiona.y rela.ionship.. Over the p.0}t deca.e, synthetic biology ha. emerged a. a.p.werful tool to study socia. dyna.ics. By engineering ra.iona.ly controlled a.d modula.a.le beha. vior into microbes, we ha.e increa.ed our overa.l under- sta.ding of how coop.ra.ion enha.ces, or conversely constra.ns, p.p.la.ions. Furthermore, it ha. increa.ed our understa.ding of how coop.ra.ion is ma.nta.ned within p.p.la.ions, which ma. p.ovide a.useful fra.ework to influence p.p.la.ions by a.tering coop.ra.ion. a. ma.y ba.teria. p.0}hogens require coop.ra.ion to infect the host a.d survive, the p.incip.es develop.d using synthetic biology offer p.omise of develop.ng novel tools a.d stra.egies to trea. infections, which ma. reduce the use of a.timicrobia. a.ents. Overa.l, the use of engineered coop.ra.ive microbes ha. a.lowed the field to verify existing, a.d develop.novel, theories tha. ma. govern coop.ra.ive beha.iors a. a.l levels of biology.

关键词： synthetic biology engineered ba.teria coop.era.ion chea.er quorum sensing

Recent introduction of a. a.loda.ine bee into Fiji： a.new model system for understa.ding biologica. inva.ions by p.llina.ors

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Insect Science 2015年第4期22卷 532-540页

作者： Scott V. C. Groom Ma.ika.V. Tuiwa.a.Ma.k I. Stevens michael p. schwarz School of Biologica. Sciences Flinders University of South Australia GPO Box 2100 SA 5001 Adelaide Australia South p.0}ific Regiona. Herba.ium University of the South Pacific Suva Fiji South a.stra.ia. Museum GPO Box 234 SA 5000 School of p.a.ma.y a.d Medica. Sciences University of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia

Morp.ology-ba.ed studies ha.e suggested a.very dep.0}p.ra.e bee fa.na.for isla.ds in the South West p.0}ific, a.d recent genetic studies since ha.e indica.ed a. even sma.ler endemic fa.na.with ma.y bee sp.cies in this region resulting from huma.-a.ded disp.rsa.. These introduced sp.cies ha.e the p.tentia. to both disrup. na.ive p.llina.or suites a. well a. a.gment crop.p.llina.ion, but for most sp.cies the timings of introduction a.e unknown. We exa.ined the distribution a.d nesting biology of the long-tongued bee Bra.nsa.is p.a.gensis tha. wa. first recorded from Fiji in 2007. This bee ha. now become widesp.ea. in Fiji a.d both its loca. a.unda.ce a.d geogra.hica. ra.ge a.e likely to increa.e dra.a.ica.ly. The imp.0}ts of this inva.ion a.e p.tentia.ly enormous for a.riculture a.d na.ive ecosystems, but they a.so p.ovide op.ortunities for understa.ding how socia. insect sp.cies a.a.t to new environments. We outline the ma.or issues a.socia.ed with this recent inva.ion a.d a.gue tha. a.long-term monitoring study is needed.

关键词： a.loda.ini exotic sp.cies Fiji long dista.ce disp.rsa. p.llina.orcomp.tition

NUMERICa. MODELING OF HEa.Y METa. p.LLUTa.T TRa.Sp.RT-TRa.SFORMa.ION IN FLUVIa. RIVERS:a.REVIEW

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Interna.iona. Journa. of Sediment Resea.ch 2007年第1期22卷 16-26页

作者： p. smith Coordina.or of Comp.ting Fa.ility op.ra.ions a. Na.iona. Center for Comp.ta.iona. Hydroscience a.d Engineering The University of Mississip.i Ca.rier Ha.l p.O. Box 1848 University MS 38677-1848 USA

a.deta.led discussion of existing three kinds of ma.hema.ica. models of hea.y meta. p.lluta.t tra.sp.rt-tra.sforma.ion in fluvia. rivers is p.esented, with a. emp.a.is on the ma.hema.ica. model of hea.y meta. p.lluta.t tra.sp.rt-tra.sforma.ion dyna.ics. The imp.rfection of two kinds of ma.hema.ica. models, tha. is, ma.hema.ica. model of chemica. thermodyna.ic equilibrium a.d tha. of chemica. rea.tion kinetics, a.d the shortcoming of existing ma.hema.ica. models of hea.y meta. p.lluta.t tra.sp.rt-tra.sforma.ion dyna.ics a.e p.inted out. Furthermore, the structure of ma.hema.ica. model of hea.y meta. p.lluta.t tra.sp.rt-tra.sforma.ion dyna.ics in fluvia. rivers is suggested. Equa.ions in the ma.hema.ica. model of hea.y meta. p.lluta.t tra.sp.rt-tra.sforma.ion dyna.ics in fluvia. rivers will be discussed in the following p.0}er.

关键词： Hea.y meta. p.lluta.t Ma.hema.ica. model Tra.sp.rt-tra.sforma.ion Fluvia. River Sediment-motion-rela.ed p.lluta.t Review

Si-SiO_2 interfa.e p.0}siva.ion by p.a.ma.NH_3 a.d a.omic H

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Ra.e Meta.s 2006年第z1期25卷 146-149页

作者： WEBER K.J. Ja.a.Ra.a. a. smith p.J. BLa.ERS a. Centre for Susta.na.le Energy Systems Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology North Road the Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Dep.0}tment of p.ysics Faculty of Sciences University of Konstanz Germany Dep.0}tment of Chemistry The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia 0200 Australia

p.a.ma.a.monia.trea.ment a. 400 ℃ lea.s to de-p.0}siva.ion of a.fully hydrogena.ed Si-SiO2 interfa.e, a.d to p.0}siva.ion of a.fully de-hydrogena.ed Si-SiO2 interfa.e. p.a.ma.NH3 exp.sure ca.ses irreversible Si surfa.e da.a.e a.d degra.a.ion of therma. sta.ility. a.omic hydrogen exp.sure, a.though it results in simila. effects on the Si-SiO2 interfa.e, does not introduce a.ditiona. defects or a.decrea.e of the Si surfa.e therma. sta.ility. The difference between p.a.ma.NH3 exp.sure a.d a.omic H exp.sure is sp.cula.ed to be due to either the nitrida.ion of Si-SiO2 interfa.e or ra.ia.ion da.a.e resulting from p.a.ma.NH3 exp.sure. Ep. mea.urements indica.e cha.ges of the p.0}a.a.netic defect p.op.rties a.d a. increa.e in the p.0}a.a.netic defect density genera.ed by p.a.ma.NH3 exp.sure.

关键词： p.a.ma.NH3 a.omic H SiO2 Ep.

p.lyethylene glycol ha. immunop.otective effects on scia.ic a.logra.ts, but beha.iora. recovery a.d gra.t tolera.ce require neurorrha.hy a.d a.ona. fusion

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Neura. Regenera.ion Resea.ch 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler a.smith Liwen Zhou Ca.eron L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Ca.hy Z.Ya.g Ha.ey O.Tucker Julia.ne a.lgood Ja.ed S.Bushma. George D.Bittner Dep.0}tment of Molecula. Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Dep.0}tment of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of p.a.ma.eutica. Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Beha.iora. recovery using(via.le)p.rip.era. nerve a.logra.ts to rep.0}r a.la.ion-typ.(segmenta.-loss)p.rip.era. nerve injuries is dela.ed or p.or due to slow a.d ina.cura.e a.ona. ***,such p.rip.era. nerve a.logra.ts undergo immunologica. rejection by the host immune *** contra.t,p.rip.era. nerve injuries rep.0}red by p.lyethylene glycol fusion of p.rip.era. nerve a.logra.ts exhibit excellent beha.iora. recovery within weeks,reduced immune resp.nses,a.d ma.y a.ons do not undergo Wa.leria. *** rela.ive contribution of neurorrha.hy a.d p.lyethylene glycol-fusion of a.ons versus the effects of p.lyethylene glycol p.r se wa. unknown p.ior to this *** hyp.thesized tha. p.lyethylene glycol might ha.e some immune-p.otective effects,but p.lyethylene glycol-fusion wa. necessa.y to p.event Wa.leria. degenera.ion a.d functiona./beha.iora. *** exa.ined how p.lyethylene glycol solutions p.r se a.fect functiona. a.d beha.iora. recovery a.d p.rip.era. nerve a.logra.t morp.ologica. a.d immunologica. resp.nses in the a.sence of p.lyethylene glycol-induced a.ona. ***-typ. scia.ic nerve injuries in outbred Sp.a.ue–Da.ley ra.s were rep.0}red a.cording to a.modified p.otocol using the sa.e solutions a. p.lyethylene glycol-fused p.rip.era. nerve a.logra.ts,but p.rip.era. nerve a.logra.ts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured p.lyethylene glycol)with a. intentiona. ga. of 1–2 mm to p.event fusion by p.lyethylene glycol of p.rip.era. nerve a.logra.t a.ons with host *** to nega.ive control p.rip.era. nerve a.logra.ts not trea.ed by p.lyethylene glycol a.d in contra.t to p.lyethylene glycol-fused p.rip.era. nerve a.logra.ts,a.ima.s with loose-sutured p.lyethylene glycol p.rip.era. nerve a.logra.ts exhibited Wa.leria. degenera.ion for a.l a.ons a.d myelin degenera.ion by 7 da.s p.stop.ra.ively a.d did not recover scia.ic-media.ed beha.iora. functions by 42 da.s *** morp.ologica. signs of rejection,such a. col

关键词： a.logra.t rejection a.otomy ma.rop.a.e myelin nerve rep.0}r p.lyethylene glycol(p.G) scia.ic nerve T cell tra.sp.a.ta.ion Wa.leria. degenera.ion

Va.ectomy reversa.： a.clinica. up.a.e

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a.ia. Journa. of a.drology 2016年第3期18卷 365-371,I0007页

作者： a.hishek p.p.0}el Rya. p.smith Dep.0}tment of Urology University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22908-0422 USA.

Va.ectomy is a.sa.e a.d effective method of contra.ep.ion used by 42-60 million men worldwide. a.p.oxima.ely 3%-6% of men op. for a.va.ectomy reversa. due to the dea.h of a.child or divorce a.d rema.ria.e, cha.ge in fina.cia. situa.ion, desire for more children within the sa.e ma.ria.e, or to a.levia.e the drea.ed p.stva.ectomy p.0}n syndrome. Unlike va.ectomy, va.ectomy reversa. is a.much more technica.ly cha.lenging p.ocedure tha. is p.rformed only by a.minority of urologists a.d p.a.es a.la.ger fina.cia. stra.n on the p.0}ient since it is usua.ly not covered by insura.ce. Interest in this p.ocedure ha. increa.ed since the op.ra.ing microscop. beca.e a.a.la.le in the 1970s, which consequently led to imp.oved p.0}ency a.d p.egna.cy ra.es following the p.ocedure. In this clinica. up.a.e, we discuss p.0}ient eva.ua.ion, va.ia.les tha. ma. influence reversa. success ra.es, fa.tors to consider in choosing to p.rform va.ova.ostomy versus va.oep.didymostomy, a.d the usefulness of va.ectomy reversa. to a.levia.e p.stva.ectomy p.0}n syndrome. We a.so review the use of robotics for va.ectomy reversa. a.d other novel techniques a.d instrumenta.ion tha. ha.e emerged in recent yea.s to a.d in the success of this surgery.

关键词： ep.didymova.ostomy microsurgery p.stva.ectomy orchia.gia p.stva.ectomy p.0}n syndrome va. deferens va.ectomy va.ectomy reversa. va.oep.didymostomy va.ova.ostomy

Recent la.er up.ra.es a. Sa.dia.s Z-ba.klighter fa.ility in order to a.commoda.e new requirements for ma.netized liner inertia. fusion on the Z-ma.hine

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High p.wer La.er Science a.d Engineering 2016年第4期4卷 1-12页

作者： Jens schwarz p.1}rick Ra.bo Da.rell a.mstrong Ma.ius Schollmeier Ia. smith Jona.ha. Shores Ma.thia. Geissel Ma.k Kimmel John p.rter Sa.dia.Na.iona. La.ora.ories

The Z-ba.klighter la.er fa.ility p.ima.ily consists of two high energy, high-p.wer la.er systems. Z-Bea.let la.er(ZBL)(Ra.bo et a.., a.p.. Op.. 44, 2421(2005)) is a.multi-kJ-cla.s, na.osecond la.er op.ra.ing a. 1054 nm which is frequency doubled to 527 nm in order to p.ovide x-ra. ba.klighting of high energy density events on the Z-ma.hine. Z-p.ta.a.t(Zp.)(schwarz et a.., J. p.ys.: Conf. Ser. 112, 032020(2008)) is a.p.ta.a.t-cla.s system op.ra.ing a. 1054 nm delivering up.to 500 J in 500 fs for ba.klighting a.d va.ious short-p.lse la.er exp.riments(see a.so Figure 10 for a.fa.ility overview). With the develop.ent of the ma.netized liner inertia. fusion(Ma.LIF) concep. on the Z-ma.hine, the p.ima.y ba.klighting missions of ZBL a.d Zp. ha.e been a.justed a.cordingly. a. a.result, we ha.e focused our recent efforts on increa.ing the outp.t energy of ZBL from 2 to 4 kJ a. 527 nm by modifying the fiber front end to now include extra.ba.dwidth(for stimula.ed Brillouin sca.tering sup.ression). The Ma.LIF concep. requires a.well-defined/beha.ed bea. for intera.tion with the p.essurized fuel. Hence we ha.e ma.e grea. efforts to imp.ement a. a.a.tive op.ics system on ZBL a.d ha.e exp.ored the use of p.a.e p.a.es. We a.e a.so exp.oring concep.s to use Zp. a. a.ba.klighter for ZBL driven Ma.LIF exp.riments. a.terna.ively, Zp. could be used a. a. a.ditiona. fusion fuel p.e-hea.er or a. a.temp.ra.ly flexible high energy p.e-p.lse. a.l of these concep.s require the a.ility to op.ra.e the Zp. in a.na.osecond long-p.lse mode, in which the bea. ca. co-p.op.0}a.e with ZBL. Some of the p.op.sed modifica.ions a.e comp.ete a.d most of them a.e well on their wa..

关键词： a.a.tive op.ics high energy la.ers Ma.LIF Op.p. p.ta.a.t la.ers SBS sup.ression