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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam M.R.Groh Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.R.Wayne Moore jack.P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

Influence of longwall mining on the stability of gas wells in chain pillars

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第1期30卷 3-9页

作者： Peter Zhang Heather Dougherty Daniel Su jack.Trackemas Berk Tulu CDC NIOSH Pittsburgh Mining Research Division(PMRD)PittsburghPA 15236USA Department of Mining Engineering West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV 26505USA

Longwall mining has a significant influence on gas wells located within longwall chain *** subsidence and abutment pressure induced by longwall mining can cause excessive stresses and deformations in gas well *** the gas well casings are compromised or ruptured,natural gas could migrate into the mine workings,potentially causing a fire or *** the current safety regulations,the gas wells in the chain pillars have to be either plugged or protected by adequate coal *** current regulations for gas well pillar design are based on the 1957 Pennsylvania gas well pillar *** study provided guidelines for gas well pillars by considering their support area and overburden depth as well as the location of the gas wells within the *** the guidelines were developed for room-andpillar mining under shallow cover,they are no longer applicable to modern longwall coal mining,particularly,under deep *** well casing of failures have occurred even though the chain pillars for the gas wells met the requirements by the 1957 *** study,conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH),presents seven cases of conventional gas wells penetrating through longwall chain pillars in the Pittsburgh Coal *** study results indicate that overburden depth and pillar size are not the only determining factors for gas well *** other important factors include subsurface ground movement,overburden geology,weak floor,as well as the type of the construction of gas *** modeling was used to model abutment pressure,subsurface deformations,and the response of gas well *** study demonstrated that numerical models are able to predict with reasonable accuracy the subsurface deformations in the overburden above,within,and below the chain pillars,and the potential location and modes of gas well failures,thereby providing a more quantifiable approach to assess the stability of the gas wells in l

关键词： Longwall mining Gas well Chain pillar Casing stability

Effect of inflammatory bowel disease treatments on patients with diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第8期12卷 1248-1254页

作者： Joshua Ashley jack.Bower Lauren O'Flynn Rakhi Kakad David Aldulaimi Department of Gastroenterology South Warwickshire Foundation TrustWarwick CV345BWUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology South Warwickshire Foundation TrustWarwick CV345BWUnited Kingdom

As medical care progresses and the number of patients with chronic conditions increases there is the inevitable challenge of managing patients with multiple *** bowel disease(IBD)is an umbrella term for are inflammatory conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract,the two most common forms being Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s *** diseases,usually diagnosed in young adults,exhibit a relapsing and remitting course and usually require longterm *** can be treated with a number of topical and systemic *** conducted a review of the current published evidence for the effects these medications can have on diabetes mellitus(DM)and glycaemic *** were conducted on medline and embase with a timeframe from 1947(the date from which studies on embase are recorded)to November *** publications were selected and *** evidence of the impact of aminosalicylates,corticosteroids,thiopurines,and biologic agents was *** there was limited evidence for certain agents,IBD medications have been shown to have an effect of DM and these effects should be considered in managing patients with dual *** effects of steroids on blood sugar control is well documented,but consideration of other agents is also *** patients requiring steroids for Ulcerative Colitis,locally acting steroid agents delivered rectally may be preferred to minimise side effects in those with distal bowel Ulcerative Colitis.A switch to other agents should be considered as soon as possible in people with diabetes to limit the impact on glycaemic control.5-aminosalicylates appear to play a role in the reduction of hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),although the literature suggests these may be falsely low ***,monitoring of people with diabetes on these agents may require daily monitoring of capillary blood sugars rather than relying simply on HbA1c;for example fructosamine performed 3-6 monthly,although th

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Diabetes mellitus Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α Corticosteroids

Chang'an a Crossroads for Early Christianity in Chia

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中国周刊 2003年第8期 36-37页

作者： jack.Coster

thick Stands of bamboo line the small road leading up; to the fa mous Lou Guan Tai. About 1,400 years ago, Lou Guan Tai was the maior Taoist centre in China. Lao Zi is believed to have written the Tao Te Ching here in the 6th century BC. Todav it is a pleasant temple, surrounded by (?)orest ana quiet *** this time we are nere to see another temple, said to be near Lou Guan. It is called Da Qin, and it remained in relative obscurity for centuries until its role in the 7th century Christian church was rediscovered *** trip to Lou Guan began to take

关键词： in of were Chang’an a Crossroads for Early Christianity in Chia that for have

Video Demystified A Handbook for the Digital Engineer 4th ed 4th

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Low rank approximation in G0W0 calculations

丛书名： Demystifying Technology

2005年

作者： keith jack

ISBN: (纸本)0750678224

this international bestseller and essential reference is the'bible'for digital video engineers and programmers worldwide. this is by far the most informative analog and digital video reference available, includes the hottest new trends and cutting-edge developments in the *** Demystified, Fourth Edition is a'one stop'reference guide for the various digital video technologies. the fourth edition is completely updated with all new chapters on MPEG-4, H.264, SDTV/HDTV, ATSC/DVB, and Streaming Video (Video over DSL, Ethernet, etc.), as well as discussions of the latest standards throughout. the accompanying CD-ROM is updated to include a unique set of video test files in the newest formats.•this essential reference is the'bible'for digital video engineers and programmers worldwide •Contains all new chapters on MPEG-4, H.264, SDTV/HDTV, ATSC/DVB, and Streaming Video •Completely revised with all the latest and most up-to-date industry standards

关键词： TelevisionHandbooks manuals etc.Digital videoHandbooks etc.

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Science China Mathematics 2016年第8期59卷 1593-1612页

作者： SHAO MeiYue LIN Lin YANG Chao LIU Fang DA JORNADA Felipe H. DESLIPPE jack.LOUIE Steven G. Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Mathematics University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA School of Statistics and Mathematics Central University of Finance and EconomicsBeijing 100081China Department of Physics University of California at BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA NERSC.Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley.CA 94720.USA

the single particle energies obtained in a Kohn-Sham density functional theory(DFT) calculation are generally known to be poor approximations to electron excitation energies that are measured in transport,tunneling and spectroscopic experiments such as photo-emission spectroscopy. the correction to these energies can be obtained from the poles of a single particle Green's function derived from a many-body perturbation theory. From a computational perspective, the accuracy and efficiency of such an approach depends on how a self energy term that properly accounts for dynamic screening of electrons is approximated. the G_0W_0 approximation is a widely used technique in which the self energy is expressed as the convolution of a noninteracting Green's function(G_0) and a screened Coulomb interaction(W_0) in the frequency domain. the computational cost associated with such a convolution is high due to the high complexity of evaluating W_0 at multiple frequencies. In this paper, we discuss how the cost of G_0W_0 calculation can be reduced by constructing a low rank approximation to the frequency dependent part of W_0. In particular, we examine the effect of such a low rank approximation on the accuracy of the G_0W_0 approximation. We also discuss how the numerical convolution of G_0 and W_0 can be evaluated efficiently and accurately by using a contour deformation technique with an appropriate choice of the contour.

关键词： density functional theory GoW0 approximation Sternheimer equation contour deformation lowrank approximation

组织多普勒成像技术对正常胎儿心脏功能测定的临床应用

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实用妇产科杂志 2007年第4期23卷 229-231页

作者：曹荔田志云 jack.RYCHIK 南京医科大学附属南京市妇幼保健院江苏南京210004 美国费城儿童医院

目的：探讨使用组织多普勒成像（DTI）技术对正常胎儿心脏功能测定的临床应用价值。方法：对151例孕14—38周的正常胎儿用DTI技术记录心室心肌的最大运动速度，然后用脉冲多普勒技术记录心室流入道的血流速度峰值。结果：心室心肌在舒... 详细信息

目的：探讨使用组织多普勒成像（DTI）技术对正常胎儿心脏功能测定的临床应用价值。方法：对151例孕14—38周的正常胎儿用DTI技术记录心室心肌的最大运动速度，然后用脉冲多普勒技术记录心室流入道的血流速度峰值。结果：心室心肌在舒张早期最大运动速度（Ea）和收缩期最大运动速度（Sa）随着孕周的增加而增加，但其在舒张晚期的最大运动速度（Aa）没有改变。在舒张早期，心房的血流速度峰值E与心室心肌的最大运动速度Ea之比亦没有明显的改变。结论：可以将E／Ea比值作为一个定量评价胎儿心室舒张功能的指标来应用。

关键词：组织多普勒成像胎儿超声心动图心室舒张功能

the dry-hot valleys and forestation in southwest china

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Journal of Forestry Research 2001年第1期12卷 35-39页

作者：马焕成 jack.A.McConchie 西南林学院生态工程研究所昆明650224 Institute of Geography School of Earth Sciences Victoria University of Wellington

the dry-hot valleys (DHV) are located mainly in the deeply incised v alleys along the upper streams of several international and domestically rivers, like Yangtz, Zhu, Lanchang, Hong, and Nu rivers. this paper briefly described t he reasons of formation of DHV from view of climate and geographical conditions, and by referring to great deal of documents, analyzed the historical case and p resent status of the vegetations in DHV. the environment in DHV is facing the se rious vulnerable period in the history due to its nature situation of half-year dry period, fragile geological structure and shallow soil, and its social situat ion of over dense population and over farming. the primary vegetation is broad l eaf forest and it was denuded in the history. the current local vegetation is th e degraded secondary vegetation: savanna and succulent thorny shrub. Since the e nvironmental situation in valley influenced directly the water body of river, th e soil erosion control and re-vegetation in DHV is the most urgent task in the p rocess of environmental harness along the rivers. Quite a few pilot research pro jects have been carried *** demonstrating new silviculture techniques for re- vegetation in DHV, but there still exist great difficulties in carrying out larg e-scale afforestation engineering.

关键词： Dry-hot valley Forestation Environmental harness

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埃及柽麦蛾——控制柽柳的有效天敌

中国生物防治 2004年第3期20卷 161-164页

作者：李保平马雪霞 jack.DeLoach 南京农业大学植保学院昆虫系南京210095 USDA/ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory

对埃及柽麦蛾的年生活史、习性及其天敌进行了观察。该虫在新疆阜康县 1年 3代 ,以老熟幼虫在吐丝粘着枝条形成的丝巢中化蛹 ,秋末在地面枯枝落叶层中越冬。第 1代历期 3 0～ 45d ,第2代 2 5～ 3 0d ,第 3代为越冬代。野外采集幼虫和蛹... 详细信息

对埃及柽麦蛾的年生活史、习性及其天敌进行了观察。该虫在新疆阜康县 1年 3代 ,以老熟幼虫在吐丝粘着枝条形成的丝巢中化蛹 ,秋末在地面枯枝落叶层中越冬。第 1代历期 3 0～ 45d ,第2代 2 5～ 3 0d ,第 3代为越冬代。野外采集幼虫和蛹在室内盆栽多枝柽柳上进行的接种试验表明 ,埃及柽麦蛾幼虫在盆栽多枝柽柳上可以完成生长发育 ,种群增长迅速。

关键词：柽柳埃及柽麦蛾生活史生物防治