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Effects of medium chain triglycerides on hepatic fatty acid oxidation in clofibrate-fed newborn piglets

Animal nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 334-344页

作者： Jinan Zhao Brandon Pike Jin Huang Zhihua Feng jack Odle Xi Lin Laboratory of Developmental nutrition Department of Animal SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Zinpro Corporation Eden PrairieMN 55344USA College of Biological Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou450001China College of Animal Science and Technology Agricultural University of HebeiBaoding071001China

To investigate whether increasing tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle activity and ketogenic capacity would augment fatty acid(FA)oxidation induced by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha(PPARα)agonist clofibrate,suckling newborn piglets(n=54)were assigned to 8 groups following a 2(±clofibrate)×4(glycerol succinate[SUC],triglycerides of 2-methylpentanoic acid[T2M],valeric acid[TC5]and hexanoic acid[TC6])factorial *** group was fed an isocaloric milk formula containing either 0%or 0.35%clofibrate(wt/wt,dry matter basis)with 5%SUC,T2M,TC5 or TC6 for 5 *** 6 pigs served as newborn *** acid oxidation was examined in fresh homogenates of liver collected on d 6 using[1-^(14)C]palmitic acid(1 mM)as a substrate(0.265μCi/μmol).Measurements were performed in the absence or presence of L-carnitine(1 mM)or inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase(L659699,1.6μM)or acetoacetate-CoA deacylase(iodoacetamide,50μM).Without clofibrate stimulation,^(14)C accumulation in CO_(2) was higher from piglets fed diets containing T2M and TC5 than SUC,but similar to those fed *** clofibrate stimulation,accumulation also was higher in homogenates from piglets fed TC5 than all other dietary *** between clofibrate and carnitine or the inhibitors were observed(P=0.0004)for acid soluble products(ASP).In vitro addition of carnitine increased^(14)C-ASP(Pnts,regardless of clofibrate *** percentage of^(14)C in CO_(2) was higher(P=0.0023)in TC5 than in the control *** these results we suggest that dietary supplementation of anaplerotic and ketogenic FA could impact FA oxidation and modify the metabolism of acetyl-CoA(product ofβ-oxidation)via alteration of TCA cycle activity,but the modification has no significant impact on the hepatic FA oxidative capacity induced by PPARα.In addition,the availability of carnitine is a critical element to maintain FA oxidation during the neonatal perio

关键词： PPARα Clofibrate newborn piglets Medium chain triglyceride(MCT) Hepatic fatty acid oxidation

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3D biofabrication for tubular tissue engineering

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2018年第2期1卷 89-100页

作者： lan Holland jack Logan Jiezhong Shi Christopher McCormick Dongsheng Liu Wenmiao Shu Department of Biomedical Engineering University ofStrathclyde Glasgow G1 1QE UK Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 People's Republic of China

The therapeutic replacement of diseased tubular tissue is hindered by the availability and suitability of current donor, autologous and synthetically derived protheses. Artificially created, tissue engineered, constructs have the potential to alleviate these concerns with reduced autoimmune response, high anatomical accuracy, long-term patency and growth potential. The advent of 3D bioprinting technology has further supplemented the technological toolbox, opening up new biofabrication research opportunities and expanding the therapeutic potential of the field. In this review, we highlight the challenges facing those seeking to create artificial tubular tissue with its associated complex macro- and microscopic architecture. Current biofabrication approaches, including 3D printing techniques, are reviewed and future directions suggested.

关键词： Tubular organs Tissue engineering 3D printing Bio-inks

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SO_2蒸汽预处理对黑松制取生物乙醇的影响

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农业工程学报 2011年第S1期27卷 194-199页

作者：钟月华 jack n Saddler 肖泽仪沈飞四川大学化学工程学院成都610065 Forest Products Biotechnology Department of Wood ScienceUniversity of British Columbia 四川农业大学资源环境学院成都611130

以加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省甲虫致死黑松为原料,通过SO2催化蒸汽爆破方式对其进行预处理,并对预处理后的原料进行酶水解和乙醇发酵研究,以考察预处理方式结合酶水解对黑松制取乙醇的影响。结果表明,较低的SO2吸收率和原料含水率(干基)影... 详细信息

以加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省甲虫致死黑松为原料,通过SO2催化蒸汽爆破方式对其进行预处理,并对预处理后的原料进行酶水解和乙醇发酵研究,以考察预处理方式结合酶水解对黑松制取乙醇的影响。结果表明,较低的SO2吸收率和原料含水率(干基)影响了预处理效果;水洗对预处理后原料的酶水解效率没有显著的影响;当水解底物质量浓度由20mg/mL增加到150mg/mL时,水解率均在42%左右,底物质量浓度的增加纤维素的水解率没有受到显著影响。从发酵结果看,黑松经汽爆预处理后,不进行水洗处理更有利于后续发酵。分步糖化发酵乙醇得率可以达最大乙醇得率的66%,而同步糖化水乙醇得率为55%。由此可见,低浓度SO2催化汽爆预处理低湿度黑松不能得到较好的预处理效果,需进一步优化。

关键词：农业废弃物酶水解发酵生物乙醇 SO2催化汽爆

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Optimizing dietary lipid use to improve essential fatty acid status and reproductive performance of the modern lactating sow:a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 272-289页

作者： David S.Rosero R.Dean Boyd jack Odle Eric van Heugten The Hanor Company FranklinKY 42134USA Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Dietary lipid supplementation benefits the prolific and high-producing modern lactating sow. A comprehensive review of recent studies showed that lipid supplementation increases average daily energy intake, which is partitioned for lactation as indicated by greater milk fat output and improved litter growth rate. Recent compelling findings showed that addition of particular lipids during lactation improved the subsequent reproductive outcome of sows. Such benefits were related to the level of dietary essential fatty acids（EFA, linoleic acid, C18：2n-6; and α-linolenic acid, C18：3n-3） during lactation. Lactation diets without supplemental EFA resulted in a pronounced negative balance（intake minus milk output） of linoleic（-25.49 g/d） and α-linolenic acid（-2.75 g/d）; which compromised sow fertility（farrowing rate 〈 75 % and culling rates 〉 25 % of weaned sows）. This phenomenon seems to be increasingly important with advancing sow age because of a progressive reduction of body EFA pool over successive lactations. The net effect of supplemental EFA during lactation was to create a positive EFA balance, which improved the subsequent reproduction of sows. Adequate linoleic acid intake improved the proportion of sows that farrowed in the subsequent cycle（Farrowing rate（%） = [（-1.5 × 10^-3× linoleic acid intake（g/d）^2）＋（0.53 × linoleic acid intake（g/d））＋（45.2）]; quadratic P = 0.002, R^2= 0.997, RMSE = 0.031）. In addition, increasing linoleic acid intake increased the number of pigs born in the subsequent cycle（total pigs born（n） = [（9.4 × 10^-5× linoleic acid intake（g/d）^2）＋（0.04 × linoleic acid intake（g/d））＋（10.94）]; quadratic P = 0.002, R^2= 0.997, RMSE = 0.031）. Supplemental α-linolenic acid resulted in a rapid return to estrus（sows bred： sows weaned = 94.2 %; wean-to-estrus interval = 4.0 d） and achieved a high retention of pregnancy（sows pregnant： sows bred = 98 %）. Collectively, we conclude that a minimum dietary intake of10 g/d of α-linolenic acid, simultaneous wit

关键词： Essential fatty acids Lactating sow Subsequent reproduction Supplemental lipids

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非交叉配子形成体的连锁图谱构建方法(英文)

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Acta Genetica Sinica 2005年第6期32卷 608-615页

作者：吴吉祥朱军 Johnie n.Jenkins jack C.McCarty 浙江大学农业与生物技术学院美国密西西比州立大学植物土壤系密西西比39762 美国农部作物研究室

根据非交叉(achiasmatic)遗传模型,提出采用最大似然法计算遗传交换率的方法,同时开发了构建非交叉生物(F2群体)连锁图谱的计算机软件。通过卡方验检可测性连锁分子标记。对于无交叉生物现象,采用蒙特卡洛模拟技术,对交叉(chiasmatic)... 详细信息

根据非交叉(achiasmatic)遗传模型,提出采用最大似然法计算遗传交换率的方法,同时开发了构建非交叉生物(F2群体)连锁图谱的计算机软件。通过卡方验检可测性连锁分子标记。对于无交叉生物现象,采用蒙特卡洛模拟技术,对交叉(chiasmatic)和非交叉两个遗传模型遗传交换率的估计值和作图效率进行了比较。模拟结果表明,非交叉模型能提供无偏的估计值,而交叉模型则只有实际值的一半。在所有同等的条件下,基于非交叉模型的作图效率均高于基于交叉模型(无校正)的作图效率。对于非交叉配子形成体,采用基于非交叉模型的交换率计算方法能获得理想的作图效率。

关键词：连锁作图性连锁非交叉配子发生最大似然法

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Influence of birth order, birth weight, colostrum and serum immunoglobulin G on neonatal piglet survival

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第2期4卷 128-136页

作者： Rafael A Cabrera Xi Lin Joy M Campbell Adam J Moeser jack Odle Laboratory of Developmental nutrition Department of Animal Science North Carolina State University Huvepharma USA Inc. 525 West Park Drive Suite 230 Peachtree City American Protein Corporation Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University 101 Polk Hall North Carolina State University

Background： Intake of colostrum after birth is essential to stimulate intestinal growth and function, and to provide systemic immunological protection via absorption of Immunoglobulin G （IgG）. The birth order and weight of 745 piglets （from 75 litters） were recorded during a one-week period of farrowing. Only pigs weighing greater than 0.68 kg birth weight were chosen for the trial. Sow colostrum was collected during parturition, and piglets were bled between 48 and 72 hours post-birth. Piglet serum IgG and colostral IgG concentrations were determined by radial immunodiffusion. Results： Sow parity had a significant （P 〈 0.001） effect on sow colostral IgG concentration, being 5% higher in multiparous females. Sow colostral IgG concentration explained 6% and piglet birth order accounted for another 4% of the variation observed in piglet serum IgG concentration （P 〈 0.05）; however, birth weight had no detectable effect. Piglet serum IgG concentration had both a linear （P 〈 0.05） and quadratic effect （P 〈 0.05） on % survival. Piglets with 1,000 mg/dl serum IgG or less （n=24） had a 67% survival; whereas, piglets with IgG concentrations between 2250 to 2500 mg/dl （n=247） had a 91% survival. Birth order had no detectable effect on survival, but birth weight had a positive linear effect （P 〈 0.05）. Piglets weighing 0.9 kg （n = 107） at birth had a 68% survival rate, and those weighing 1.6 kg （n = 158） had an 89% survival. Conclusion： We found that the combination of sow colostrum IgG concentration and birth order can account for 10% of the variation of piglet serum IgG concentration and that piglets with less than 1,000 mg/dl IgG serum concentration and weight of 0.9 kg at birth had low survival rate when compared to their larger siblings. The effective management of colostrum uptake in neonatal piglets in the first 24 hrs post-birth may potentially improve survival from birth to weaning.

关键词： Birth order Birth weight Immunoglobulin G Colostrum Survivability

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Elucidation of the life cycle of the endophytic genus Muscodor and its transfer to Induratia in Induratiaceae fam. nov., based on a polyphasic taxonomic approach

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Fungal Diversity 2020年第2期101卷 177-210页

作者： Milan C.Samarakoon Benjarong Thongbai Kevin D.Hyde Mark Brönstrup Ulrike Beutling Christopher Lambert Andrew n.Miller Jian‑Kui(jack)Liu Itthayakorn Promputtha Marc Stadler Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences132Lanhei RoadKunming 650201People’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Life Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006People’s Republic of China Department of Microbial Drugs Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbHInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Chemical Biology Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbHInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Illinois natural History Survey University of Illinois1816 South Oak StreetChampaignIL 61820‑6970USA Research Center in Bioresources for Agriculture Industry and MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand

Molecular phylogenetic studies of cultures derived from some specimens of plant-inhabiting Sordariomycetes using ITS,LSU,rpb2 and tub2 DnA sequence data revealed close affinities to strains of *** taxonomy of this biotechnologi-cally important genus,which exclusively consists of endophytes with sterile mycelia that produce antibiotic volatile secondary metabolites,was based on a rather tentative taxonomic *** though it was accommodated in Xylariaceae,its phylo-genetic position had so far remained *** phylogeny shows that Muscodor species have affinities to the xylarialean genera Emarcea and Induratia,which is corroborated by the fact that their sexual states produce characteristic *** data allow for the integration of Muscodor in Induratia,*** genus that was historically described *** multi-locus phylogenetic tree clearly revealed that a clade comprising Emarcea and Induratia forms a monophylum separate from representatives of Xylariaceae,for which we propose the new family *** time estimations revealed that Induratiaceae has been diverged from the Xylariaceae+Clypeosphaeriaceae clade at 93(69-119)million years ago(Mya)with the crown age of 61(39-85)Mya during the Cretaceous *** ascospore-derived cultures were studied for the production of volatile metabolites,using both,dual cultures for assessment of antimicrobial effects and extensive analyses using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The antimicrobial effects observed were significant,but not as strong as in the case of the previous reports on Muscodor *** GC-MS results give rise to some doubt on the validity of the previous identification of certain *** peaks in the GC-MS chromatograms could not be safely identified by database searches and may represent new natural *** isolation of these compounds by preparative chromatography and their subsequent characterisation by nuclear magnetic re

关键词： 9 new taxa 16 new combinations Biocontrol Endophytes Secondary metabolites Sordariomycetes

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VX nerve Agent:a Deadly Weapon, Rarely Seen

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新高考(英语进阶) 2017年第Z1期 66-67页

作者： jack

词数:496阅读难度:★★★☆☆建议阅读时间:6分钟HOnG KOnG—The Malaysian authorities said on Friday that Kim Jong-nam,the half brother of north Korea’s leader,had been killed by VX nerve agent applied to his *** substance,__;__;s a chemical weapon,was kept for decades in the arsenals（兵工厂）of many militaries,including that of the United *** since the Chemical Weapons Convention came into__;__;n 1997,most stockpiles globally have been *** is a nerve agent?

关键词： VX nerve Agent:a Deadly Weapon 动词短语 Rarely Seen

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Comparison of REML and MInQUE for Estimated Variance Components and Predicted Random Effects

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Open Journal of Statistics 2016年第5期6卷 814-823页

作者： nan nan Johnie n. Jenkins jack C. McCarty Jixiang Wu Department of Mathematics and Statistics South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA Crop Science Research Laboratory USDA-ARS Mississippi State MS USA Agronomy Horticulture and Plant Science Department South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA

Linear mixed model (LMM) approaches have been widely applied in many areas of research data analysis because they offer great flexibility for different data structures and linear model systems. In this study, emphasis is placed on comparing the properties of two LMM approaches: restricted maximum likelihood (REML) and minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MInQUE) with and without resampling techniques being included. Bias, testing power, Type I error, and computing time were compared between REML and MInQUE approaches with and without jackknife technique based on 500 simulated data sets. Results showed that MInQUE and REML methods performed equally regarding bias, Type I error, and power. jackknife-based MInQUE and REML greatly improved power compared to non-jackknife based linear mixed model approaches. Results also showed that MInQUE is more time-saving compared to REML, especially with the use of resampling techniques and large data set analysis. Results from the actual cotton data analysis were in agreement with our simulated results. Therefore, jackknife-based MInQUE approaches could be recommended to achieve desirable power with reduced time for a large data analysis and model simulations.

关键词： Comparison of REML and MInQUE for Estimated Variance Components and Predicted Random Effects

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An Adaptive Sequential Replacement Method for Variable Selection in Linear Regression Analysis

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Open Journal of Statistics 2023年第5期13卷 746-760页

作者： Jixiang Wu Johnie n. Jenkins jack C. McCarty Jr. Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research Unit USDA-ARS Mississippi State USA

With the rapid development of DnA technologies, high throughput genomic data have become a powerful leverage to locate desirable genetic loci associated with traits of importance in various crop species. However, current genetic association mapping analyses are focused on identifying individual QTLs. This study aimed to identify a set of QTLs or genetic markers, which can capture genetic variability for marker-assisted selection. Selecting a set with k loci that can maximize genetic variation out of high throughput genomic data is a challenging issue. In this study, we proposed an adaptive sequential replacement (ASR) method, which is considered a variant of the sequential replacement (SR) method. Through Monte Carlo simulation and comparing with four other selection methods: exhaustive, SR method, forward, and backward methods we found that the ASR method sustains consistent and repeatable results comparable to the exhaustive method with much reduced computational intensity.

关键词： Adaptive Sequential Replacement Association Mapping Exhaustive Method Global Optimal Solution Sequential Replacement Variable Selection

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