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病废是肥胖者长寿的代价吗？

美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2008年第3期27卷 185-186页

作者： Edw.rd w. Gregg, PhD jack M. Guralnik, md, PhD Division of Diabetes Translation National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health PromotionCenters for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGeorgia Laboratory of Epidemiology Demographyand BiometryNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMaryland

肥胖日益增加的长期影响是当今公共卫生领域最令人关注的、存在热烈争议的问题之一。因为肥胖的预后不良，所以人们担心这种情况可能会逆转最近几十年公共卫生领域取得的诸多成果，并使美国人的总体健康水平恶化。迄今，这种威胁最令人... 详细信息

肥胖日益增加的长期影响是当今公共卫生领域最令人关注的、存在热烈争议的问题之一。因为肥胖的预后不良，所以人们担心这种情况可能会逆转最近几十年公共卫生领域取得的诸多成果，并使美国人的总体健康水平恶化。迄今，这种威胁最令人信服的证据是：糖尿病的发病率和患病率升高。糖尿病与肥胖两者的发展趋势相当一致。

关键词：肥胖者公共卫生领域长寿预后不良健康水平糖尿病美国人患病率

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阿斯匹林的最佳抗血栓形成剂量

心肺血管病杂志 1989年第1期 33-37页

作者： jack HIRSH md ,冯鹤声,姚崇华北京市心肺血管研究中心北京市心肺血管研究中心

近十年的临床试验证明,阿斯匹林是一种有效的抗血检形成药物,它抑制环氧化酶,该酶在血小板内产生血小板凝聚剂——血栓素A2（TXA2）;而在血管壁细胞内环氧化酶可产生一种抗血小板凝聚剂——前列环素（PGI2）。因此,阿斯匹林既有强的抗... 详细信息

近十年的临床试验证明,阿斯匹林是一种有效的抗血检形成药物,它抑制环氧化酶,该酶在血小板内产生血小板凝聚剂——血栓素A2（TXA2）;而在血管壁细胞内环氧化酶可产生一种抗血小板凝聚剂——前列环素（PGI2）。因此,阿斯匹林既有强的抗血栓形成作用又有强的形成血栓作用。小剂量的阿斯匹林（325mg或以下）对血小板和血管壁细胞内的环氧化酶起着抑制作用,但对TXA2合成的抑制作用比对PGI2合成的抑制作用大且持续时间也较长。

关键词：阿斯匹林环氧化酶抑制作用临床试验基因互作血栓栓塞血栓形成大剂量

无创心输出量监测在心力衰竭患者循环支持时的应用

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第5期6卷 41-46页

作者： Rob Phillips, MPhil Peter Lichtenthal, md Julie Sloniger, MS Darryl Burstow. md Malcolm w.st, md jack Copeland, md 舒化青(译) 姚尚龙(校) Department of Medidne The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia Department of Anesthesiology Department of Surgery The University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson Arizona 不详

背景尽管肺动脉导管（PAC）热稀释法的有效性、安全性均存在问题且使用困难，然而该方法目前在围手术期心外科重症监护室中仍普遍被应用于对中心血流动力学的监测和管理。超声心输出量监测仪（USCOM）是一种无创性连续多普勒装置，用于... 详细信息

背景尽管肺动脉导管（PAC）热稀释法的有效性、安全性均存在问题且使用困难，然而该方法目前在围手术期心外科重症监护室中仍普遍被应用于对中心血流动力学的监测和管理。超声心输出量监测仪（USCOM）是一种无创性连续多普勒装置，用于直接测量心输出量（CO），可替代PAC。虽然USCOM的可靠性存在一些公认的局限性，但已证实该方法比PAC在心外科重症监护室更具主导地位。我们比较了心力衰竭（HF）患者在应用一种原位全人工心脏（TAH）控制治疗期间，USCOM与Cardiow.st的心输出量测量结果。方法选择安装全人工心脏的心力衰竭（TAHHF）患者，按照盲法使用Cardiow.st和USCOM设备监测患者心输出量（CO）、每搏心输出量（SV）和心率（HR）。根据Cardiow.st所控制流量的不同，监测7例患者18个不同时点，获得了508对测量结果。用Bland—Altman分析法比较一致性。结果使用Cardiow.st和USCOM设备测得患者的心输出量、每搏心输出量和心率的平均值和标准差（±标准差）分别是7．33±0．46和7．34±0．51L/min、56．2±3．8和56．6±3．8ml，以及131±3和130±4bpm。心输出量的范围为5．2，9．3L／min。两种方法检测的心输出量、每搏心输出量和心率的平均差值分别是-0．01±0．23L／min、-0．34±1．97ml和0．9±2．3bpm，平均百分比差为一0．3％、-0．6％和0．7％。心输出量、每搏心输出量和心率一致性的百分比范围分别为6．4％、7．1％和3．6％。结论USCOM对于安装全人工心脏的心力衰竭患者的心输出量无创性监测和管理不失为一个可行且准确的方法，其可能在心血管疾病的诊断和治疗中有更广泛的应用。

关键词：无创心输出量心力衰竭患者监测仪应用循环支持每搏心输出量外科重症监护室全人工心脏

美国心脏超声协会／美国心血管麻醉医师协会对围手术期超声心动图检查持续质量改进的建议和指南

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麻醉与镇痛 2008年第1期4卷 44-53页

作者： Joseph P. Mathew. md, FASE Kathryn Glas, md, FASE Christopher A. Troianos, md Pamela Sears-Rogan, md, FASE Robert Savage, md jack Shanew.se, md, FASE Solomon Aronson, md, FASE Joseph Kisslo, md, FASE Stanton Shernan, md, FASE 丛涌滋(译) 王多友(校) Council for Intraoperafive Echocardiography of the American Society of Echocardiography 不详

美国心脏超声协会（American Society of Echocardiography，ASE）始成立于1975年，长期以来一直鼓励对超声心动图检查质量的评估。为此，已发表了一些超声心动图检查的指南，并不断进行修订。1995年，ASE发表了一系列专门用于超声心动... 详细信息

美国心脏超声协会（American Society of Echocardiography，ASE）始成立于1975年，长期以来一直鼓励对超声心动图检查质量的评估。为此，已发表了一些超声心动图检查的指南，并不断进行修订。1995年，ASE发表了一系列专门用于超声心动图持续质量改进（Continuous Quality Improvement，CQI）的建议。超声心动图检查的临床广泛应用以及超声技术、检查方法和图像判读的复杂性是进行CQI项目的原因之一。本文旨在阐述美国心脏超声协会与美国心血管麻醉医师协会针对围手术期超声心动图检查CQI项目所发表的建议和指南。在ASE已发表的有关CQI项目文章的基础上，本文将涉及如下内容：1）提出围手术期开展CQI的理由，2）确定围手术期超声心动图检查的项目内容，3）提出与围手术期超声心动图检查有关的CQI原则，4）评估CQI项目在围手术期的有效性。本文所提出的建议和操作指南适用于任何围手术期间的超声心动图检查，包括手术前、手术中和手术后。任何具有Ⅲ级水平超声心动图检查的单位可独立实施CQI项目。

关键词：超声心动图检查围手术期间持续质量改进医师协会心血管麻醉心脏超声美国指南

Safe and effective sofosbuvir-based therapy in patients w.th mental health disease on hepatitis C virus treatment

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w.rld Journal of Hepatology 2016年第31期8卷 1318-1326页

作者： Lydia Shuk Yee Tang jack Masur Zayani Sims Amy Nelson Anu Osinusi Anita Kohli Sarah Kattakuzhy Michael Polis Shyam Kottilil Institute of Human Virology Division of Infectious Diseases University of Maryland School of Medicine Critical Care Medicine Department Clinical CenterNational Institutes of Health Gilead Sciences Inc Creighton University School of Medicine St Joseph’s Hospital Laboratory of Immunoregulation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health

AIMTo study impact of baseline mental health disease on hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment; and Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) changes w.th sofosbuvir- and interferon-based therapy. METHODSThis is a retrospective cohort study of participants from 5 studies enrolled from single center trials conducted at the Clinical Research Center of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, md, United States. All participants w.re adults w.th chronic HCV genotype 1 infection and naïve to HCV therapy. Tw. of the studies included HCV mono-infected participants only (SPARE, SYNERGY-A), and 3 included human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV co-infected participants only (ERADICATE, PFINPK, and ALBIN). Patients w.re treated for HCV w.th 3 different regimens: Sofosbuvir and ribavirin in the SPARE trial, ledipasvir and sofosbuvir in SYNERGY-A and ERADICATE trials, and pegylated interferon (IFN) and ribavirin for 48 w. in the PIFNPK and ALBIN trials. Participants w.th baseline mental health disease (MHD) w.re identified (defined as either a DSM IV diagnosis of major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder or requiring anti-depressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers or psychotropics prescribed by a psychiatrist). For our first aim, w. compared sustained virologic response (SVR) and adherence (pill counts, study visits, and in 25 patients, blood levels of the sofosbuvir metabolite, GS-331007) w.thin each study. For our second aim, only patients w.th HIV coinfection w.re evaluated. BDI scores w.re obtained pre-treatment, during treatment, and post-treatment among participants treated w.th sofosbuvir-based therapy, and compared to scores from participants treated w.th interferon-based therapy. Statistical differences for both aims w.re analyzed by Fisher’s Exact, and t-test w.th significance defined as a P value less than 0.05. RESULTSBaseline characteristics did not differ significantly betw.en all participa

关键词： Sofosbuvir Direct acting antivirals Directly acting antiviral Hepatitis C Mental health disease Depression Interferon Beck&rsquo s Depression Inventory

The Effect of Mixture of Alpinia Galanga, Eurycoma Longifolia jack and Syzygium Aromaticum Crude Extract on the Grow.h of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and Escherichia Coli

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Journal of Life Sciences 2014年第5期8卷 399-403页

作者： Nur Jasrina Jaafar Kasw.ndi md. Ambia Hing Hiang Lian Rahim md. Noah University Kuala Lumpur Institute of Medical Science Blok Al-1 Jalan TKS 1 Taman Kajang Sentral 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan MALAYSIA School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences Faculty of Health Science Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 50300 Jalan Raja Muda Kuala Lumpur MALAYSIA

Alpinia galanga, Eurycoma longifolia jack and Syzygium aromaticum have been w.dely used in traditional medicine for decades. Antimicrobial activities for individual crude extract w.re w.ll established. Crude methanolic extracts of Alpinia galanga, Eurycoma longifolia jack and Syzygium aromaticum and the combination for all extracts w.re tested using w.ll diffusion techniques against Saccharomyces cerevisiae （ATCC 9763） and Escherichia coli （ATCC 25922）. The mixed extracts w.re prepared based on the concentration ratio of 50 μg/μL w.ich are 1：1, 1：1：1 and 1：2：2. Single Syzygium aromaticum extract show.d higher inhibition zone on Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared to Escherichia coli. There is reduction in diameter of inhibition zone for single extract and mixture extracts either in combination of tw. or three extracts tested on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli grow.h but they are not significant. In conclusion, Syzygium aromaticum show.d highest activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. Reduction in diameter of inhibition zone indicated that Alpinia galanga and Eurycoma longifolia jack extracts had antagonistic effect w.th Syzygium aromaticum.

关键词： Antifungal antibacterial extract Alpinia galanga Eurycoma longifolia Syzygium aromaticum Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Esherichia coli.

Nanofiber matrix formulations for the delivery of Exendin-4 for tendon regeneration: In vitro and in vivo assessment

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第7期25卷 42-60页

作者： Sama Abdulmalik jack Gallo Jonathan Nip Sara Katebifar Michael Arul Amir Lebaschi Lucas N.Munch Jenna M.Bartly Shilpa Choudhary Ivo Kalajzic Yeshavanth Kumar Banasavadi-Siddegow.ae Syam P.Nukavarapu Sangamesh G.Kumbar Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA Department of Physiology and Neurobiology University of ConnecticutStorrsCTUSA Department of Immunology Center on AgingUniversity of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Department of Reconstructive Sciences University of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Surgical Neurology Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

Tendon and ligament injuries are the most common musculoskeletal injuries,w.ich not only impact the quality of life but result in a massive economic *** interventions for tendon/ligament injuries utilize biological and/or engineered grafts to reconstruct damaged tissue,but these have *** matrices confer superior physicochemical properties over biological grafts but lack desirable bioactivity to promote tissue *** incorporating drugs can enhance bioactivity,large matrix surface areas and hydrophobicity can lead to uncontrolled burst release and/or incomplete release due to *** overcome these limitations,w. evaluated the delivery of a peptide grow.h factor(exendin-4;Ex-4)using an enhanced nanofiber matrix in a tendon injury *** overcome drug surface binding due to matrix hydrophobicity of poly(caprolactone)(PCL)-w.ich w.uld be expected to enhance cell-material interactions-w. blended PCL and cellulose acetate(CA)and electrospun nanofiber matrices w.th fiber diameters ranging from 600 to 1000 *** avoid burst release and protect the drug,w. encapsulated Ex-4 in the open lumen of halloysite nanotubes(HNTs),sealed the HNT tube endings w.th a polymer blend,and mixed Ex-4-loaded HNTs into the polymer mixture before *** reduced burst release from~75%to~40%,but did not alter matrix morphology,fiber diameter,or tensile *** evaluated the bioactivity of the Ex-4 nanofiber formulation by culturing human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs)on matrix surfaces for 21 days and measuring tenogenic differentiation,compared w.th nanofiber matrices in basal media ***,w. observed that Ex-4 nanofiber matrices accelerated the hMSC proliferation rate and elevated levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycan,tendon-related genes(Scx,Mkx,and Tnmd),and ECM-related genes(Col-Ⅰ,Col-Ⅲ,and Dcn),compared to *** then assessed the safety and efficacy of Ex-4 nanofiber matrices in a full-thickness rat Achilles tendon

关键词： Nanofiber matrix formulation Protein delivery Soft tissue regeneration Halloysite nanotubes

Morphological Response of jack Pine to the Interactive Effects of Carbon Dioxide, Soil Temperature and Photoperiod

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第6期7卷 879-893页

作者： md. Shah New.z Qing-Lai Dang Rongzhou Man Faculty of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University Thunder Bay Canada Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Ontario Forest Research Institute Sault Ste. Marie Canada

Responding to the predicted shift in climate envelope jack pine, (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) might migrate 10° northw.rd betw.en 2071 and 2100 and w.ll be exposed to a different photoperiod regime. Successful migration of the species might depend on the initial acclimating capability to the conditions of new.location. The impacts of elevated carbon dioxide concentration [CO2], soil temperature and photoperiod on the phenological traits, grow.h and biomass responses in jack pine seedlings w.re investigated. Seedlings w.re grow. in greenhouses under tw. [CO2] (400 and 950 μmol•mol-1), tw. soil temperatures (ambient soil temperature at seed origin and 5°C w.rmer) and three photoperiod regimes (photoperiods at seed origin, 5° north of the seed origin and 10° north of the seed origin). Budburst and bud setting time w.re recorded and the seedling height (Ht), root collar diameter (RCD), root biomass, stem biomass and leaf biomass w.re measured after six months of treatment. It w.s observed that under elevated [CO2], ambient Tsoil and photoperiods associated w.th 10° northw.rd migrations budburstis advanced by 10 days. Photoperiods tow.rd north significantly prolonged the bud setting time. How.ver, tri-factor interactive effect on bud set w.s not statistically significant. Elevated [CO2] significantly (P w.ng season photoperiods tow.rds north significantly increased the seedling heights. Though elevated [CO2] significantly increased the projected leaf area, it had no significant effect on specific leaf area. Elevated [CO2] significantly reduced the shoot to root ratio, w.ich indicated higher biomass allocation in roots under elevated [CO2]. How.ver, all these grow.h and biomass responses w.re statistically insignificant under tri-factor interactive effects. The results suggest that climate cha

关键词： Tree Seedling Physiology Plant Ecophysiology Tree Migration Climate Change Boreal Forest

Differential Etiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder w.th Conduct Disorder and Major Depression in Men

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Differential Etiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder with ...