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Tuning MXenes Towards Their Use in Photocatalytic Water splitting

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 321-331页

作者： Diego Ontiveros sergi Vela Francesc Viñes Carmen sousa Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física&Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional(IQTCUB) Universitat de Barcelonac/Martíi Franquès 1-1108028 BarcelonaSpain

Finding appropriate photocatalysts for solar-driven water(H_(2)O)splitting to generate hydrogen(H_(2))fuel is a challenging task,particularly when guided by conventional trial-and-error experimental ***,density functional theory(DFT)is used to explore the MXenes photocatalytic properties,an emerging family of two-dimensional(2D)transition metal carbides and nitrides with chemical formula M_(n+1)X_(n)T_(x),known to be semiconductors when having T_(x)*** than 4,000 MXene structures have been screened,considering different compositional(M,X,T_(x),and n)and structural(stacking and termination position)factors,to find suitable MXenes with a bandgap in the visible region and band edges that align with the water-splitting half-reaction *** from bandgap analysis show how,in general,MXenes with n=1 and transition metals from group III present the most cases with bandgap and promising sizes,with C-MXenes being superior to *** band alignment calculations of candidate systems with a bandgap larger than 1.23 eV,the minimum required for a water-splitting process,sc_(2)CT_(2),Y_(2)CT_(2)(T_(x)=Cl,Br,s,and se)and Y_(2)CI_(2)are highlighted as adequate photocatalysts.

关键词： Density Functional Theory MXenes Photocatalysis Water splitting

Evaluation of phase change materials for a light-weight building in Morocco:Effect of building’s volume,window orientation&infiltration

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Energy and Built Environment

Energy and Built Environment 2024年第6期5卷 863-877页

作者： Imad Ait Laasri Niima es-sakali Abdelkader Outzourhit Mohamed Oualid Mghazli Laboratory(LaMEE) Faculty of Sciences SemlaliaCadi Ayyad UniversityMarrakeshMorocco Laboratory(LMAID) Rabat National School of MineRabatMorocco Green Energy Park(UM6P/IResEN) km2 R206BenguerirMorocco ENTPE LTDS UMR CNRS 5513Universitéde LyonCedexVaulx-en-VelinFrance

In this study,we will model a light-weight building made of phase change materials(PCMs)to analyze the impact of the building volume,window orientation,and air infiltration on the PCM *** is done by calculating the energy savings attained by the use of PCM across all of ***’ll use the commercial Rubitherm panels with RT28HC as a phase change material in this ***,the EnergyPlus simulation engine is chosen to perform the *** impact of building volumes is also evaluated on the PCM activation for light-weight square buildings with different side lengths of 10 m,9 m,8 m,and 7 ***,we looked at how well the PCM performed in terms of energy savings and thermal regulation at different window orientation placements(south,north,west,and east)and various air infiltration rates(0.5,1,1.5,and 3 ACH).This paper’s primary objective is to determine the energy savings for the PCM-enhanced building in Morocco,as well as the effect of building volume,window orientation,and infiltration on the PCM capabilities for stabilizing the indoor room *** results show good indoor temperature stabilization during the summer,for the light-weight square building with a south-facing window and no air *** configuration was able to achieve a total fluctuation reduction of 1303.3℃for the 10 m building in a semi-arid ***,a high energy savings percentage of 69.56%was achieved for the PCM-enhanced building with the south-oriented window and air infiltration of 0.5 air change per hour.

关键词： Building energy efficiency Phase change materials Passive thermal regulation

Fecal calprotectin and endoscopic scores: The cornerstones in clinical practice for evaluating mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3022-3035页

作者： Marcia Henriques de Magalhães Costa Ligia Yukie sassaki Júlio Maria Fonseca Chebli Department of Clinical Medicine Fluminense Federal UniversityRio de Janeiro 24210-200Brazil Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University(Unesp)Botucatu 18618-686São PauloBrazil Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity Hospital of The Federal University of Juiz de ForaUniversity of Juiz de Fora School of MedicineJuiz de Fora 36036-247Minas GeraisBrazil

Managing inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is becoming increasingly complex and personalized,considering the advent of new advanced therapies with distinct mechanisms of *** mucosal healing(MH)is a pivotal therapeutic goal in IBD management and can prevent IBD progression and reduce flares,hospitalization,surgery,intestinal damage,and colorectal *** proactive disease and therapy assessment is essential to achieve better control of intestinal inflammation,even if subclinical,to alter the natural course of *** monitoring of fecal calprotectin(FC)levels and interval endoscopic evaluations are cornerstones for evaluating response/remission to advanced therapies targeting IBD,assessing MH,and detecting subclinical ***,we comment on the article by Ishida et al Moreover,this editorial aimed to review the role of FC and endoscopic scores in predicting MH in patients with ***,we intend to present some evidence on the role of these markers in future targets,such as histological and transmural *** prospective multicenter studies with a stricter MH criterion,standardized endoscopic and histopathological analyses,and virtual chromoscopy,potentially including artificial intelligence and other biomarkers,are desired.

关键词： Fecal calprotectin Endoscopic scores Mucosal healing Histological healing Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel diseases

Analysis of a passive ankle exoskeleton for reduction of metabolic costs during walking

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 62-68页

作者： Luís Quinto Pedro Pinheiro sergio B.Goncalves Ivo Roupa Paula simoes Miguel Tavares da silva CINAMIL Academia MilitarInstituto Universitario MilitarLisbonPortugal IDMEC Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal

Modern conflicts demand substantial physical and psychological exertion,often resulting in fatigue and diminished combat or operational *** exoskeletons have been developed recently to address these challenges,presenting various limitations that affect their operational or everyday *** article evaluates the performance of a dual-purpose passive ankle exoskeleton developed for the reduction of metabolic costs during walking,seeking to identify a force element that could be applied to the target *** on the 6-min walk test,twenty-nine subjects participated in the study using three different force *** results indicate that it is possible to reduce metabolic expenditure while using the developed ***,the comfort and range of motion results verify the exoskeleton's suitability for use in uneven terrain and during extended ***,the choice of the force element should be tailored to each user,and the control system should be adjustable to optimise the exoskeleton's performance.

关键词： Ankle passive exoskeleton Metabolic cost reduction Dual-use exoskeleton Gait Biomechanics

Accuracy of tree mapping based on hand-held laser scanning comparing leaf-on and leaf-off conditions in mixed forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第5期35卷 14-25页

作者： Frederico Tupinambá-simões Adrián Pascual Juan Guerra-Hernández Cristóbal Ordóñez Tiago de Conto Felipe Bravo iuFOR Sustainable Forest Management Research InstituteUniversity of Valladolid&INIAValladolidSpain Department of Geographical sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Forest Research Centre School of AgricultureUniversity of LisbonTapada da Ajuda1349‑017 LisbonPortugal

The use of mobile laser scanning to survey forest ecosystems is a promising,scalable technology to describe forest 3D structures at high *** confirm the con-sistency in the retrieval of forest structural parameters using hand-held laser scanning(HLs),before operationalizing the method,confirming the data is *** analyzed the per-formance of tree-level mapping based on HLs under differ-ent phenology conditions on a mixed forest in western spain comprising Pinus pinaster and two deciduous species,Alnus glutinosa and Quercus *** area was surveyed twice during the growing season(July 2022)and once in the deciduous season(February 2022)using several scan-ning *** reference data(418 trees,15 snags)was used to calibrate the HLs data and to assess the influence of phenology when converting 3D data into tree-level attrib-utes(DBH,height and volume).The HLs-based workflow was robust at isolating tree positions and recognizing stems despite changes in ***-six percent of all pairs matched below 65 *** DBH,phenology barely altered *** observed a strong agreement when comparing HLs-based tree height *** values exceeded 2 m when comparing height measurements,confirming height data should be carefully used as reference in remote sensing-based inventories,especially for deciduous *** volume was more precise for pines(r=0.95,and rela-tive RMsE=21.3–23.8%)compared to deciduous species(r=0.91–0.96,and relative RMsE=27.3–30.5%).HLs data and the forest structural complexity tool performed remark-ably,especially in tree positioning considering mixed forests and mixed phenology conditions.

关键词： Precision forestry Forest monitoring Mobile laser scanning Forest inventory

sHARE-ENV:A Data set to Advance Our Knowledge of the Environment−Wellbeing Relationship

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Environment & Health 2024年第2期2卷 95-104页

作者： Catarina Midões Enrica De Cian Giacomo Pasini sara Pesenti Malcolm N.Mistry Department of Economics Ca’Foscari University of Venice30121 VeneziaItaly Institute of Environmental science and Technology of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Cerdanyola del VallèsBarcelonaSpain European Central Bank 60314 Frankfurt am MainGermany Environment and Health Modelling(EHM)Lab Department of Public HealthEnvironments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine(LSHTM)London WC1E 7HTUnited Kingdom

Climate change interacts with other environmental stressors and vulnerability *** places and,owing to socioeconomic conditions,some people,are far more at *** data behind current assessments of the environment−wellbeing nexus is coarse and regionally aggregated,when considering multiple regions/groups;or,when granular,comes from ad hoc samples with few *** assess the impacts of climate change,we require data that are granular and comprehensive,both in the variables and population *** build a publicly accessible data set,the sHARE-ENV data set,which fulfills these *** expand on EU representative,individual-level,longitudinal data(the sHARE survey),with environmental exposure information about temperature,radiation,precipitation,pollution,and flood *** illustrate through four simplified multilevel linear regressions,cross-sectional and longitudinal,how full-fledged studies can use sHARE-ENV to contribute to the *** studies would help assess climate impacts and estimate the effectiveness and fairness of several climate adaptation *** surveys can be expanded with environmental information to unlock different research avenues.

关键词： climate change risk environmental impacts climate adaptation population health longitudinal data

Twenty-nine million intrinsic Q-factor monolithic microresonators on thin-film lithium niobate

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 I0001-I0006页

作者： XINRUI ZHU YAOWEN HU sHENGYUAN LU HANA KWARNER XUDONG LI YUNXIANG sONG LETÍCIA MAGALHÃes AMIRHAssAN sHAMs-ANsARI ANDREA CORDARO NEIL sINCLAIR MARKO LONČAR John A.Paulson school for Engineering and Applied sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusetts 02138USA state Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers science Center for Nano-optoelectronics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China DRs Daylight solutions San DiegoCalifornia 92127USA

The recent emergence of thin-film lithium niobate(TFLN)has extended the landscape of integrated *** has been enabled by the commercialization of TFLN wafers and advanced nanofabrication of TFLN such as high-quality dry ***,fabrication imperfections still limit the propagation loss to a few dB/m,restricting the impact of this ***,we demonstrate TFLN microresonators with a record-high intrinsic quality(Q)factor of twenty-nine million,corresponding to an ultra-low propagation loss of 1.3 dB/*** present spectral analysis and the statistical distribution of Q factors across different resonator *** work pushes the fabrication limits of TFLN photonics to achieve a Q factor within 1 order of magnitude of the material limit.

关键词： resonator lithium film

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and Pi^(*)Z allele as important co-factors in the development of liver fibrosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第8期16卷 1099-1110页

作者： Ana Isabel Ferreira Catarina Guimarães Vitor Macedo silva sofia Xavier Joana Magalhães JoséCotter Department of Gastroenterology Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira-GuimarãesGuimarães 4835-044Portugal Life and Health sciences Research Institute School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBraga 4710-057Portugal Life and Health sciences Research Institute/3B’s PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga 4710-057Portugal Department of Pulmonology Hospital Senhora da Oliveira-GuimarãesGuimarães 4835-044Portugal

BACKGROUND Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency(AATD)is a codominant autosomal hereditary condition that predisposes patients to the development of lung and/or liver disease,and Pi*Z allele is the most clinically relevant *** To evaluate the impact of clinical parameters and AATD phenotypes,particularly the Pi*Z allele,in liver *** Cross-sectional cohort study including consecutive patients with AATD followed in Pulmonology or Hepatology *** Included 69 patients,49.3%had Pi*MZ phenotype and 10.1%Pi**** age≥55 years,age at diagnosis≥41 years and AAT at diagnosissease fibrosis score(NFs)not excluding advanced fibrosis[area under the curve(AUC)=0.840,Ps and age at diagnosis≥41 years predicted a fibrosis-4 index of moderate to advanced fibrosis(AUC=0.831,Ps with hypertension,type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM),dyslipidaemia,metabolic syndrome,and regular alcohol consumption were more likely to have a NFs not excluding advanced fibrosis(Ps with at least one Pi*Z allele and type 2 DM were 8 times more likely to have liver stiffness measurement≥7.1 kPa(P=0.040).CONCLUsION Risk factors for liver disease in AATD included an age≥50 years,age at diagnosis≥41 years,metabolic risk factors,regular alcohol consumption,at least one Pi*Z allele,and AAT value at diagnosissease screening in AATD patients to use in primary care,selecting those to be referred to Hepatology consultation.

关键词： Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency Liver fibrosis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score Fibrosis-4 index Liver stiffness measurement

Clinical profile and outcomes in very elderly patients with atrial fibrillation anticoagulated with rivaroxaban: data from the EMIR study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第7期21卷 723-732页

作者： Francisco Marín Manuel Anguita sánchez Iñaki Lekuona Marcelo sanmartín Fernán-dez Vivencio Barrios Carlos Perez Muñoz Juan Cosín-sales Alejandro IPérez Cabeza Vanesa Roldán schilling Carles Rafols Priu esteban Orenes-Piñero María Asunción es-teve-Pastor Department of Cardiology Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaIMIB-ArrixacaUniversity of MurciaCIBERCVMurciaSpain Department of Cardiology Hospital Reina Sofía CórdobaIMIBICUniversity of CordobaCIBERCVCórdobaSpain Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo BizkaiaSpain Department of Cardiology Hospital Uni-versitario Ramony CajalCIBERCVMadridSpain Department of Cardiology University Hospital Ramóny CajalAl-caláUniversityMadridSpain Medical Center La Capillita Sanlúcar de Barrameda.Private cardiology clinicJerez de la FronteraSpain Department of Cardiology Hospital Arnau de VilanovaValenciaSpain Department of Car-diology Virgen de la Victoria University HospitalCIBERCV.MalagaSpain Department of Haematology Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaUniversity of MurciaMurciaSpain Department of Medical Affairs Bayer HispaniaBarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A University of MurciaMurciaSpain

Objectives To analyze the clinical profile,adequacy of treatment with rivaroxaban and outcomes in octogenarians with atrial fibrillation(AF),taking rivaroxaban in clinical *** Observational and non-interventional study that included AF adults recruited from 79 spanish centers,anticoagulated with rivaroxaban ≥ 6 months before being *** were analyzed according to age(≥ 80 vs.s) at *** Out of 1433 patients,453(31.6%) were octogenarians at *** to younger patients,octogenarians had more comorbidities,higher CHA2Ds2-VAsc(4.5 ± 1.3 vs.3.0 ± 1.4;P s-BLED scores(2.0 ± 1.0 vs.1.4 ± 1.0;P se of rivaroxaban was adequately prescribed in 83.4% of patients,but more frequently in the younger population(71.1% vs.89.1%;P = 0.039).After a mean follow-up of 2.2 ± 0.6 years,annual rates of stroke + systemic embolism + transient ischemic attack,MACE,cardiovascular death and major bleeding were 1.03%,1.24%,1.03% and 1.75%,respectively,in octogenarian *** for progressive heart failure death and major bleeding,rates of outcomes in octogenarians were similar compared to younger *** octogenarians,the concomitant use of antiplatelet agents and non-severe dementia were independently associated with the development of ischemic stroke,whereas previous coronary revascularization and heart failure with MACE,and higher HAs-BLED score with major *** In clinical practice,around one third of patients taking rivaroxaban are *** patients have many comorbidities and a high thromboembolic *** that,rates of adverse events remain *** is adequately prescribed in the majority of octogenarians.

关键词： patients atrial bleeding