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Exploring the associations between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function in aging adults:A systematic review with meta-analyses

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 820-840页

作者： Dustin J.Oranchuk Stephan G.bodkin Katie L.boncella Michael O.harris-Love Muscle Morphology Mechanicsand Performance LaboratoryDepartment of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA Department of Physical Therapy

background:Assessment and quantification of skeletal muscle within the aging population is vital for diagnosis,treatment,and injury/disease *** clinical availability of assessing muscle quality through diagnostic ultrasound presents an opportunity to be utilized as a screening tool for function-limiting ***,relationships between muscle echogenicity and clinical functional assessments require authoritative ***,we aimed to(a) synthesize the literature to assess the relationships between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function in older adults(≥60 years),(b) perform pooled analyses of relationships between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function,and(c) perform sub-analyses to determine between-muscle ***:CINAHL,Embase,MEDLINE,PubMed,and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to identify articles relating skeletal muscle echogenicity to physical function in older ***-of-bias assessments were conducted along with funnel plot ***-analyses with and without sub-analyses for individual muscles were performed utilizing Fisher's Z transformation for the most common measures of physical ***'s Z was back-transformed to Pearson's r for ***:Fifty-one articles(n=5095,female=~2759,male=~2301,72.5± 5.8 years,mean±SD(1 study did not provide sex descriptors))were extracted for review,with previously unpublished data obtained from the authors of 13 *** rectus femoris(n=34) and isometric knee extension strength(n=22) were the most accessed muscle and physical qualities,*** relationship between quadriceps echogenicity and knee extensor strength was moderate(n=2924,r=-0.36(95% confidence interval:-0.38 to-0.32),p es(grip strength,walking speed,sit-to-stand,timed up-and-go) resulting in slightly weaker correlations(r:-0.34 to-0.23,all p b-analyses determined minimal differences in predicti

关键词： Correlations Echo intensity Elderly Intramuscular fat Strength

A Review on the Advancement of Renewable Natural Fiber Hybrid Composites: Prospects, Challenges, and Industrial Applications

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第7期12卷 1237-1290页

作者： Mohammed Mohammed jawad K.Oleiwi Aeshah M.Mohammed Anwar ja’afar Mohamad jawad Azlin F.Osman Tijjani Adam bashir O.betar Subash C.b.Gopinath Center of Excellence Geopolymer&Green Technology(CEGeoGTech) Universiti Malaysia PerlisArau02600Malaysia Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis(UniMAP)Arau02600Malaysia Department of Materials Engineering University of TechnologyBaghdad10070Iraq Department of Chemical Materials University of Bagdad College of Education for Pure Science Ibn-AlhaithamBaghdad10001Iraq Department of Computer Techniques Engineering Al-Rafidain University CollegeBaghdad10001Iraq Faculty of Electronics Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia PerlisKampus Uniciti Alam Sg.ChuchuhPerlis02100Malaysia Research Center(NANOCAT) University of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering Universiti Malaysia PerlisPerlis01000Malaysia Center for Global Health Research Saveetha Medical College&HospitalSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)Tamil Nadu602105India

Naturalﬁbre(NFR)reinforced functional polymer composites are quickly becoming an indispensable sustainable material in the transportation industry because of their lightweight,lower cost in manufacture,and adaptability to a wide variety of ***,the major difﬁculties of using theseﬁbres are their existing poor dimensional stability and the extreme *** assessing the mechanical properties(MP)of composites,the interfacial bonding(Ib)happening between the NFR and the polymer matrix(PM)plays an incredibly signiﬁcant *** compared to NFR/syntheticﬁbre hybrid composites,hybrid composites(HC)made up of two separate NFR are less prevalent;yet,these hybrid composites also have the potential to be valuable materials in terms of environmental issues.A new dimension to theﬂexibility of composites reinforced with NFR is added by the cost-effective manufacture of hybrid composites utilising *** purpose of this study is to offer an over-view of the keyﬁndings that were presented on hybrid *** emphasis was focused on the factors that inﬂuence the performance of the naturalﬁber composites,diverse approaches to enhancing MP,physical,electri-cal,and thermal characteristics of the *** study in polymer science gains interest for applications in con-struction and automotive industries.

关键词： Renewable naturalﬁber hybrid composites sustainability nanomaterial greener material

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and Pi*Z allele as important co-factors in the development of liver fibrosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第8期16卷 1099-1110页

作者： Ana Isabel Ferreira Catarina Guimarães Vitor Macedo Silva Sofia Xavier Joana Magalhães JoséCotter Department of Gastroenterology Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira-GuimarãesGuimarães 4835-044Portugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBraga 4710-057Portugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/3b’s PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga 4710-057Portugal Department of Pulmonology Hospital Senhora da Oliveira-GuimarãesGuimarães 4835-044Portugal

bACKGROUND Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency(AATD)is a codominant autosomal hereditary condition that predisposes patients to the development of lung and/or liver disease,and Pi*Z allele is the most clinically relevant *** To evaluate the impact of clinical parameters and AATD phenotypes,particularly the Pi*Z allele,in liver *** Cross-sectional cohort study including consecutive patients with AATD followed in Pulmonology or Hepatology *** Included 69 patients,49.3%had Pi*MZ phenotype and 10.1%Pi**** age≥55 years,age at diagnosis≥41 years and AAT at diagnosisbrosis score(NFS)not excluding advanced fibrosis[area under the curve(AUC)=0.840,Pbrosis-4 index of moderate to advanced fibrosis(AUC=0.831,Pbetes mellitus(DM),dyslipidaemia,metabolic syndrome,and regular alcohol consumption were more likely to have a NFS not excluding advanced fibrosis(Pes more likely to have liver stiffness measurement≥7.1 kPa(P=0.040).CONCLUSION Risk factors for liver disease in AATD included an age≥50 years,age at diagnosis≥41 years,metabolic risk factors,regular alcohol consumption,at least one Pi*Z allele,and AAT value at diagnosisbe referred to Hepatology consultation.

关键词： Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency Liver fibrosis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score Fibrosis-4 index Liver stiffness measurement

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Relating to HIV among Motorbike Taxi Drivers in Parakou, benin, in 2021

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 260-272页

作者： Luc béhanzin Anicette Yénoukounmè Mahoutin Akodjetin Yessito Corine Nadège Houéhanou-Sonou Virginie Mongbo Phinées Adégbola Menakpo Ferdinand Adounkpè Maurice Togbédji Agonnoudé David Houéto Thierry Adoukonou School of Public Health and Epidemiology University of Parakou (ENATSE) Parakou Benin Department of Health Systems and Policies Regional Institute of Public Health Alfred Comlan QUENUM (IRSP) of Ouidah University of Abomey Calavi Abomey Calavi Benin National Laboratory of Narcotics and Toxicology (LNST) Beninese Center for Scientific Research and Innovation (CBRST) University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey Calavi Benin

background and Objective: HIV infection is a major global Public Health threat worldwide, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa of which benin. The level of knowledge determines the attitudes and behaviors of the populations towards this infection. The study objective was to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices related to HIV infection among motorbike taxi drivers (MTD) in Parakou in 2021. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study targeting MTD in Parakou in 2021. Participants were selected by cluster sampling. Pretested Digitized questionnaire using KoboCollect@ applicationserved as a data collection tool. Knowledge, attitudes and practices variable were treated on a score scale. A knowledge score was considered to reflect a good knowledge of HIV if at least two-thirds of the knowledge statements had been correctly answered provided the subject recognized the sexual route as one of modes of HIV transmission, identified at least one preventive measure and meant the incurability of the disease. Quantitative and qualitative variables were appropriately described using the EPI Info 7.***.3.3 software. The participant was classified at positive attitude/practice for HIV prevention, when it has a score of at least 80% and suggests a good preventive measure face a risk of exposure to HIV. Results: A total of 374 subjects were recruited into the study. The mean age was 31.51 ± 7.76 years. Most participants (86.06%) had good knowledge of condom use as an HIV prevention method. The sources of information mentioned were mainly the media (77.07%), relatives or friends (63.38%), and field-workers from non-governmental organizations (37.26%). Routine HIV testing was 50.53%. Among participants, 76.10% reported at least two different sexual partners. Condom use was 59.18 % during the casual sexual intercourse. Within the client-provider relationship with female sex workers, 33.17% had had sexual intercourse with them. The sexual route was the most cited (92.

关键词： Knowledge Practice HIV Motorbike Taxi Drivers benin

Matched pair analysis of the effect of longer hypothermic machine perfusion time on kidney transplant outcomes

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 95-101页

作者： Carlos Verdiales Luke baxter Hyun ja Lim Gavin beck Michael A Moser Department of Surgery University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewan S7N 0W8Canada College of Medicine University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewan S7N 0W8Canada Canada and Northern Ontario School of Medicine Thunder BayOntario P7B 5E1Canada Department of Community Health and Epidemiology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewan S7N 0W8Canada

bACKGROUND Hypothermic machine perfusion(HMP)has demonstrated benefits in terms of early kidney transplant function compared to static cold *** longer preservation times have shown detrimental effects,a previous paired study indicated that longer pump times(the second kidney in a pair)might lead to improved *** To revisit the prior paired study's somewhat unexpected results by reviewing our program's *** A total of 61 pairs of transplant recipients who received kidneys from the same donor(2012-2021)were *** were divided into two groups depending on whether they were transplanted first(K1)or second(K2).Therefore,the patients in each pair had identical donor characteristics,except for time on the *** analyses included Kaplan-Meyer analysis and paired tests,including McNemar's test,student's paired t-test,or Wilcoxon's test,as *** The two groups of recipients had similar demographics(age,body mass index,diabetes,time on dialysis,sensit-ization and retransplants).Cold ischemic times for K1 and K2 were 8.9(95%CI:7.9,9.8)and 14.7 hours(13.7,15.8)(Pbiopsy-proven acute rejection at 1 year(P=0.015).Delayed graft function was less common in K2,12/61(20%)than in K1,20/61(33%)(P=0.046).Finally,K2 showed a higher graft survival than K1(P=0.023).CONCLUSION Our results agree with a previous study that suggested possible advantages to longer pump *** studies should encourage further research into HMP's potential anti-inflammatory effect.

关键词： Hypothermic machine perfusion Paired kidney study Early acute rejection

Hammer-Impact SH-Wave Seismic Reflection Methods in Neotectonic Investigations: General Observations and Case Histories from the Mississippi Embayment, U.S.A.

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2009年第3期20卷 513-525页

作者： ja.es b harris Millsaps College Jackson MississippiUSA

Shallow shear-wave seismic reflection imaging, using a sledgehammer and mass energy source and standard processing, has become increasingly common in mapping near-surface geologic features, especially in water-saturated, unconsolidated sediments. Tests of the method in the Mississippi Embayment region of the central United States show interpretable reflection arrivals in the depth range of 〈10 m to 〉100 m with the potential for increased resolution when compared with compressional-wave data. Shear-wave reflection prof＇des were used to help interpret the significance of neotectonic surface deformation at five sites in the Mississippi Embayment. The interpreted profiles show a range of shallow structural styles that include reverse faulting, fault propagation folding, and reactivated normal faulting, and provide crucial subsurface evidence in support of paleoseismologic trenching and shallow drilling.

关键词： shear wave seismic reflection neotectonics.

Evidence and explanation for the involvement of the nucleus accumbens in pain processing

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第4期15卷 597-605页

作者： Haley N.harris Yuan b.Peng Department of Psychology University of Texas at Arlington

The nucleus accumbens(NAc)is a subcortical brain structure known primarily for its roles in pleasure,reward,and *** less focus on the NAc in pain research,it also plays a large role in the mediation of pain and is effective as a source of *** for this involvement lies in the NAc’s cortical connections,functions,pharmacology,and therapeutic *** NAc projects to and receives information from notable pain structures,such as the prefrontal cortex,anterior cingulate cortex,periaqueductal gray,habenula,thalamus,***,the NAc and other pain-modulating structures share functions involving opioid regulation and motivational and emotional processing,which each work beyond simply the rewarding experience of pain *** speaking,the NAc responds heavily to painful stimuli,due to its high density ofμopioid receptors and the activation of several different neurotransmitter systems in the NAc,such as opioids,dopamine,calcitonin gene-related peptide,γ-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,and substance P,each of which have been shown to elicit analgesic *** both preclinical and clinical models,deep brain stimulation of the NAc has elicited successful *** multi-functional NAc is important in motivational behavior,and the motivation for avoiding pain is just as important to survival as the motivation for seeking *** is possible,then,that the NAc must be involved in both pleasure and pain in order to help determine the motivational salience of positive and negative events.

关键词： analgesia circuitry deep brain stimulation nociception nucleus accumbens pain pain relief pain signaling reward striatum

Dynamic knee valgus kinematics and their relationship to pain in women with patellofemoral pain compared to women with chronic hip joint pain

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第5期8卷 486-493页

作者： Eric Schmidt Marcie harris-Hayes Gretchen b.Salsich Program in Physical Therapy Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63108USA Program in Physical Therapy Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic TrainingSaint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMO 63104USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63108USA

background:Dynamic knee valgus(DKV)is an abnormal movement pattern visually characterized by excessive medial movement of the lower extremity during weight *** in hip and knee kinematic components of DKV may explain the emergence of different pain problems in people who exhibit the same observed movement *** a secondary analysis of exiting data sets,we sought to determine whether hip and knee frontal and transverse plane angles during a functional task differed between women with patellofemoral pain and women with chronic hip joint pain and the relationship between joint-specific kinematics and pain in these 2 pain ***:In the original studies,3-dimensional hip and knee kinematics during a single-limb squat were obtained in 20 women with patellofemoral pain and 14 women with chronic hip joint pain who demonstrated visually classified *** intensity during the squat was assessed in both *** the secondary analysis,kinematic data were compared between pain groups using their respective control groups as a *** each pain group,correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationship between kinematics and pain during the ***:Hip adduction and contralateral pelvic drop were greater in those with chronic hip joint pain compared to those with patellofemoral pain(effect sizes ≥0.40).Greater knee external rotation(r= 0.47,p= 0.04)was correlated with greater knee pain in those with patellofemoral pain,while greater hip adduction(r = 0.53,p = 0.05)and greater hip internal rotation(r = 0.55,p = 0.04)were correlated with greater hip pain in those with chronic hip joint ***:Hip frontal plane motion was greater in those with chronic hip joint pain compared to those with patellofemoral *** both groups,greater abnormal movement at the respective joint(e.g.,knee external rotation in the patellofemoral pain group and hip adduction and internal rotation in the chronic hip joint pain gro

关键词： Anterior knee pain syndrome Femoroacetabular impingement Hip joint Kinematics Knee joint Single-limb squat

Analysis of a passive ankle exoskeleton for reduction of metabolic costs during walking

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