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Automated patellar height assessment on high-resolution radiographs with a novel deep learning-based approach

World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第6期14卷 387-398页

作者： Kamil Kwolek Dariusz Grzelecki konrad Kwolek Dariusz Marczak Jacek Kowalczewski Marcin Tyrakowski Department of Spine Disorders and Orthopaedics Centre of Postgraduate Medical EducationGruca Orthopaedic and Trauma Teaching HospitalOtwock 05-400Poland Department of Orthopaedics and Rheumoorthopedics Centre of Postgraduate Medical EducationGruca Orthopaedic and Trauma Teaching HospitalOtwock 05-400Poland Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology University HospitalKrakow 30-663Poland

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence and deep learning have shown promising results in medical imaging and interpreting ***,medical community shows a gaining interest in automating routine diagnostics issues and orthopedic *** To verify the accuracy of automated patellar height assessment using deep learning-based bone segmentation and detection approach on high resolution *** 218 Lateral knee radiographs were included in the analysis.82 radiographs were utilized for training and 10 other radiographs for validation of a U-Net neural network to achieve required Dice score.92 other radiographs were used for automatic(U-Net)and manual measurements of the patellar height,quantified by Caton-Deschamps(CD)and Blackburne-Peel(BP)*** detection of required bones regions on high-resolution images was done using a You Only Look Once(YOLO)neural *** agreement between manual and automatic measurements was calculated using the interclass correlation coefficient(ICC)and the standard error for single measurement(SEM).To check U-Net's generalization the segmentation accuracy on the test set was also *** Proximal tibia and patella was segmented with accuracy 95.9%(Dice score)by U-Net neural network on lateral knee subimages automatically detected by the YOLO network(mean Average Precision mAP greater than 0.96).The mean values of CD and BP indexes calculated by orthopedic surgeons(R#1 and R#2)was 0.93(±0.19)and 0.89(±0.19)for CD and 0.80(±0.17)and 0.78(±0.17)for *** measurements performed by our algorithm for CD and BP indexes were 0.92(±0.21)and 0.75(±0.19),*** agreement between the orthopedic surgeons’measurements and results of the algorithm has been achieved(ICC>0.75,SEM<0.014).CONCLUSION Automatic patellar height assessment can be achieved on high-resolution radiographs with the required *** patellar end-points and the joint line-fitting to the proximal tibia j

关键词： Medical imaging Artificial intelligence in orthopedics Patellar index Deep learning Bone segmentation Region of interest detection

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Mechanical behavior and deformation mechanism of shape memory bulk metallic glass composites synthesized by powder metallurgy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第19期114卷 42-54页

作者： Tianbing He Tiwen Lu Daniel Sopu Xiaoliang Han Haizhou Lu Kornelius Nielsch Jürgen Eckert Nevaf Ciftci Volker Uhlenwinkel konrad Kosiba Sergio Scudino Leibniz IFW Dresden Institute for Complex MaterialsHelmholtzstraße 2001069 DresdenGermany Guangdong Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials Processing South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science Austrian Academy of SciencesJahnstraße 12Leoben A-8700Austria Leibniz IFW Dresden Institute for Metallic MaterialsHelmholtzstraße 2001069 DresdenGermany TU Dresden Institute of Materials Science01062 DresdenGermany TU Dresden Institute of Applied Physics01062 DresdenGermany Department Materials Physics Montanuniversität LeobenJahnstraße 12A-8700 LeobenAustria Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering IWT 28359 BremenGermany University of Bremen Faculty of Production Engineering28359 BremenGermany

The synthesis of martensitic or shape-memory bulk metallic glass composites(BMGCs)via solidification of the glass-forming melts requires the meticulous selection of the chemical composition and the proper choice of the processing parameters in order to ensure that the glassy matrix coexists with the desired amount of austenitic ***,a relatively limited number of such systems,where austenite and glassy matrix coexist over a wide range of compositions,is ***,we study the effective-ness of powder metallurgy as an alternative to solidification for the synthesis of shape memory ***_(48)Cu_(36)Al_(8)Ag_(8)matrix composites with different volume fractions of Ni_(50.6)Ti_(49.4)are fabricated using hot pressing and their microstructure,mechanical properties and deformation mechanism are investigated employing experiments and *** results demonstrate that shape-memory BMGCs with tun-able microstructures and properties can be synthesized by hot *** phase stability of the glass and austenitic components across a wide range of compositions allows us to examine fundamental as-pects in the field of shape memory BMGCs,including the effect of the confining stress on the martensitic transformation exerted by the glassy matrix,the contribution of each phase to the plasticity and the mechanism responsible for shear band *** present method gives a virtually infinite choice among the possible combinations of glassy matrices and shape memory phases,expanding the range of accessible shape memory BMGCs to systems where the glassy and austenitic phases do not form simul-taneously using the solidification route.

关键词： Metallic glass composites Niti alloys Mechanical properties Shear bands Martensitic transformation

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Comparison of genomic and transcriptional microbiome analysis in gastric cancer patients and healthy individuals

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第7期29卷 1202-1218页

作者： Darja Nikitina konrad Lehr Ramiro Vilchez-Vargas Laimas Virginijus Jonaitis Mindaugas Urba Juozas Kupcinskas Jurgita Skieceviciene Alexander Link Institute for Digestive Research Lithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunas 44307Lithuania Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious DiseasesOtto-von-Guericke University HospitalMagdeburg 39120Germany Department of Gastroenterology Lithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunas 44307Lithuania

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori and the stomach microbiome play a crucial role in gastric carcinogenesis,and detailed characterization of the microbiome is necessary for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of the *** are two common modalities for microbiome analysis:DNA(16S rRNA gene)and RNA(16S rRNA transcript)*** implications from the use of one or another sequencing approach on the characterization and comparability of the mucosal microbiome in gastric cancer(GC)are poorly *** To characterize the microbiota of GC using 16S rRNA gene and its transcript and determine difference in the bacterial *** In this study,316 DNA and RNA samples extracted from 105 individual stomach biopsies were *** study cohort consisted of 29 healthy control individuals and 76 patients with *** tissue biopsy samples were collected from damaged mucosa and healthy mucosa at least 5 cm from the tumor *** the controls,healthy stomach mucosa biopsies were *** all biopsies RNA and DNA were *** was reverse transcribed into cDNA.V1-V2 region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene from all samples were amplified and sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq ***-Curtis algorithm was used to construct sample-similarity matrices abundances of taxonomic ranks in each sample *** significant differences between groups permutational multivariate analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney test followed by false-discovery rate test were *** Microbial analysis revealed that only a portion of phylotypes(18%-30%)overlapped between microbial profiles obtained from DNA and RNA *** analysis revealed differences between GC and controls depending on the chosen modality,identifying 17 genera at the DNA level and 27 genera at the RNA *** of those bacteria were found to be different from the control group at both *** key taxa showed congruent results in various tests used;however,differences in 7 b

关键词： Gastric cancer Microbiome Helicobacter pylori 16S rRNA gene 16S rRNA transcript 16S rDNA

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Gap formation around Ω_e/2 and generation of low-band whistler waves by Landau-resonant electrons in the magnetosphere: Predictions from dispersion theory

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第2期4卷 138-150页

作者： konrad Sauer Klaus Baumgartel Richard Sydora Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research GöttingenGermany(up to 2005 Leibnitz-Institut für Astrophysik(AIP) PotsdamGermany(up to 2008 Institute for Geophysical Research University of AlbertaEdmontonCanada

In this paper we show that two significant phenomena of magnetospheric chorus emission can be explained by the participation of beam-like electron structures,created by Landau-resonant interaction with growing oblique whistler *** first concerns the widely observed spectral gap near half the electron cyclotron frequency Ωe;the second is related to the observation of very obliquely propagating lower-band waves that cannot be directly generated by temperature *** the gap,kinetic dispersion theory reveals that interference of the beam-related cyclotron mode ω~Ωe-kVb with the conventional whistler mode leads to mode splitting and the appearance of a ’forbidden’ area in the ω-k *** the beam velocity appears as an essential *** is directly related to the phase velocity of the most unstable whistler wave mode,which is close to VAe/2 for sufficiently hot electrons(VAe is the electron Alfven velocity).To clarify the second point,we show that Landau-resonant beams with Vb Vb

关键词： important role play Landau-resonant electrons modification of the electron distribution function gap formation at half the electron cyclotron frequency

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Tuning Ice Nucleation by Mussel-Adhesive Inspired Polyelectrolytes:The Role of Hydrogen Bonding

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CCS Chemistry 2022年第9期4卷 2980-2990页

作者： Jing Chen Yongkang Wang Benjamin Leibauer Takakazu Seki konrad Meister Yuki Nagata Mischa Bonn Department of Chemistry School of ScienceTianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457 Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Mainz 55128 School of Mechanical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189 School of Arts&Sciences University of Alaska SoutheastJuneauAlaska 99801

Heterogeneous ice nucleation(HIN)on foreign surfaces plays a crucial role across a wide range of environmental and biological processes,and control of HIN is highly *** surfaces to control HIN poses interesting scientific challenges and holds great potential for technological ***,we combine the ice nucleation tuning capability of polyelectrolytes withmussel-inspired adhesives to obtain robust surface functionalization with HIN control.

关键词： ice nucleation polyelectrolyte catechol sum-frequency generation hydrogen bonding

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A novel feature susceptibility approach for a PEMFC control system based on an improved XGBoost-Boruta algorithm

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2023年第2期12卷 103-115页

作者： Xinjie Yuan Fujun Chen Zenggang Xia Linlin Zhuang Kui Jiao Zhijun Peng Bowen Wang Richard Bucknall konrad Yearwood Zhongjun Hou Shanghai Hydrogen Propulsion Technology Co. Ltd.1788 Xiechun RoadShanghai 201804China State Key Laboratory of Engines Tianjin University135 Yaguan RoadTianjin 300350China Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London(UCL)Torrington PlaceLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom

Data-driven modelling methods are being developed in the quest to achieve more accurate performance prediction of protons exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems in response to their complicated physicochemical phenomena. However, there is little research in this field detailing the pre-processing and selection of balance of plants (BOP) features for the input layer of system performance prediction at different current densities. Furthermore, most of the previous research applies neural networks based on simulation data rather than real-time bench or vehicle operation datasets which leads to low robustness and unreliable practical results. This paper details the application of a novel algorithm denoted XGBoost-Boruta, which utilises the combination of an ensemble learning approach and a wrapping approach, to improve the robustness of feature selection and to increase the accuracy and robustness of PEMFC system performance prediction. By introduction of the Z score and shadow features to eliminate the randomness of conventional ensemble learning methods, seven key controllable BOP variables of the hydrogen anode, air cathode and cooling subsystems are selected as the original input variables to determine their dependency on the stack voltage. Two case studies are presented for verification and validation of the proposed algorithm based on the real-time dataset of bench experimental data and data obtained from heavy truck operation at current densities ranging from 100 to 1500 mA/cm2. The feature selection strategy, based on the proposed XGBoost-Boruta algorithm, largely decreases the RMSE by 23.8% and 14.1% and the R^(2) increases by 0.06 and 0.04 of both the bench experimental and the heavy truck validation datasets respectively.

关键词： Boruta Extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) Feature selection Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)

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DNA barcoding-based species delimitation increases species count of Eois （Geometridae） moths in a well-studied tropical mountain forest by up to 50%

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Insect Science 2011年第3期18卷 349-362页

作者： Patrick Strutzenberger Gunnar Brehm konrad Fiedler Department of Animal Biodiversity University of Vienna Rennweg 14 1030 Wien Austria Institut for Spezielle Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie mit Phyletischem Museum Friedrich Schiller Universitat Erbertstrasse 1 07743 Jena Germany

The genus Eois comprises an important part of megadiverse assemblages of geometrid moths in mountain rainforests of southern Ecuador. In this study we report：（i） on the construction of a DNA barcode library of Eois for identification purposes; and （ii） the exploration of species diversity through species delimitation by pair-wise distance thresholds. COl barcode sequences were generated from 408 individuals （at least 105 species） collected on a narrow geographic scale （-40 km2） in the Reserva Bioldgica San Francisco. Analyses of barcode sequence divergence showed that species delimitations based solely on external morphology result in broad overlap of intra- and interspecific distances. Species delimitation at a 2% pair-wise distance threshold reveals a clear barcoding gap. Fifty-two previously unrecognized species were identified, 31 of which could only be distinguished by an integrative taxonomy approach. Twelve additional putative species could only be recognized by threshold-based delimitation. Most splits resulted in two or three newly perceived cryptic taxa. The present study increased the number of Eois species recorded from that small area of Andean mountain forest from 102 to 154 （morphology- plus integrative taxonomy-based） or even 166 （sequence-based）, leaving the species accumulation curve still far from reaching an asymptote. Notably, in no case did two or more previously distinguished morphospecies have to be lumped. This barcode inventory can be used to match larvae to known adult samples without rearing, and will therefore be of vital help to extend the currently limited knowledge about food plant relationships and host specialization.

关键词： cryptic species Ecuador integrative taxonomy Larentiinae larvae

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Synthesis, structural and spectroscopic studies on GdBO_3:Yb^(3+)/Tb^(3+)@SiO_2 core-shell nanostructures

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Journal of Rare Earths 2015年第11期33卷 1148-1154页

作者： konrad Kubasiewicz Marcin Runowski Stefan Lis Agata Szczeszak Department of Rare Earths Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University

The presented study concerned up-converting core/shell type nanomaterials based on lanthanide（Ⅲ） ions, Ln（Ⅲ）, doped orthoborates. The system studied composed of the GdBO3 doped with Yb^3＋/Tb^3＋ luminescent core ensured an effective cooperative sensitization up-conversion, resulting in a bright green luminescence. The silica coating process was performed by a modified St？ber method, which resulted in the formation of core-shell nanostructures, making them suitable for bioapplications. The nanophosphors and nanocomposites were obtained by various methods, such as co-precipitation in the presence of Triton X-100 and micelle synthesis with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid（EDTA） as organic modifiers/surfactants. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized with the use of powder X-ray diffraction（XRD）, infrared light absorption with Fourier transform FT-IR spectra, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, up-conversion emission spectra under IR light, as well as excitation spectra, emission spectra and fluorescence lifetimes under UV light, and their photophysical properties were compared.

关键词： Ln(Ⅲ) ions GdB O3 silica coating core-shell nanocomposites up-conversion cooperative sensitization rare earths

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Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy—Too often?Too late?Who are the right patients for gastrostomy?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第20期26卷 2464-2471页

作者： Christoph G Dietrich konrad Schoppmeyer Dietrich Medical ClinicBethlehem-Gesundheitszentrum Stolberg/Rhld.Stolberg D-52222Germany Medical Clinic Ⅱ Euregio-Klinik NordhornNordhorn D-48529Germany

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is an established method to provide nutrition to patients with restricted oral uptake of fluids and ***,we review the methods,indications and complications of this *** gastrostomy can be safely and easily performed during gastroscopy,the right patients and timing for this intervention are not always *** in patients with dementia,the indication for and timing of gastrostomies are often *** this patient group,clear data for enteral nutrition are lacking;however,some evidence suggests that patients with advanced dementia do not benefit,whereas patients with mild to moderate dementia might benefit from early enteral ***,other patient groups with temporary or permanent restriction of oral uptake might be a useful target population for early enteral nutrition to maintain mobilization and muscle *** plead for a coordinated study program for these patient groups to identify suitable patients and the best timing for tube implantation.

关键词： Gastrostomy Nutrition Dementia Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Oncologic diseases Endoscopy Neurodegenerative disorders

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Malonylcarnitine in Newborns with Non-syndromic Cleft Lip with or without Cleft Palate

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International Journal of Oral Science 2010年第3期2卷 136-141页

作者： Kamil konrad Hozyasz Mariusz Oltarzewski Zofia Dudkiewicz Pediatric Department Institute of Mother and Child Neonatal Screening Laboratory Institute of Mother and Child Department of Pediatric Surgery Institute of Mother and Child

Aim Malonyl-CoA is regarded as a key signaling molecule in mammalian ceils. It is converted to acetyl-CoA, and to a lesser extent, to malonyl acid and malonylcamitine （C3DC）. Availability of carnitine has been reported to be essential for the developing fetus. The objectives of the present study were to analyze associations of malonylcarnitine, acetylcarnitine （C2）, and free carnitine （CO） in subjects with orofacial clefts. Methodology We performed a retrospective analysis of carnitine concentration obtained from a newborn screening program carried out in our institution. Concentrations of whole blood malonylcarnitine, acetylcarnitine, and free carnitine were measured using tandem mass spectrometry. The study group consisted of 51 children with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. In total, 106 healthy children without congenital anomalies served as controls. Cut-off points were established using likeli-hood ratio values. Results The mean concentration of malonylcarnitine in the cleft group was lower than that of the control group, 0.048 μmol.L^1 vs. 0.058 μmol.L^-1, respectively （P=-0.009）. In patients with orofacial cleft, low malonylcarnitine levels （〈0.047 μmol.L-1） were 1.7 times more predominant than in healthy individuals （P=-0.03）. The mean concentration of acetylcarnitine was also lower in affected newborns in comparison to controls, 33.8 μol.L^-1 vs. 37.8 μmol·L^-1, respectively （P=-0.026）. After analysis of acetylearnitine and free carnitine concentrations, the likelihood ratio test did not indicate valuable cut-offpoints. Conclusion The study provides initial data indicating a potential association between decreased malonylcarnitine and abnormal palatogenesis.

关键词： cleft palate malonyl-CoA carnitines fatty acids biotin

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