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Surgical management of the diabetic foot:The current evidence

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 404-417页

作者： Richard Henry Randall Roberts Gareth Rhys Davies-jones James Brock Vaishnav Satheesh Greg AJ Robertson Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Wrexham Maelor HospitalWrexham LL137TDUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic HospitalOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications,particularly diabetic foot pathologies,poses significant healthcare challenges and economic burdens *** review synthesises current evidence on the surgical management of the diabetic foot,focusing on the interplay between neuropathy,ischemia,and infection that commonly culminates in ulcers,infections,and,in severe cases,*** escalating incidence of diabetes mellitus underscores the urgency for effective management strategies,as diabetic foot complications are a leading cause of hospital admissions among diabetic patients,significantly impacting morbidity and mortality *** review explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic foot complications and further examines diabetic foot ulcers,infections,and skeletal pathologies such as Charcot arthropathy,emphasising the critical role of early diagnosis,comprehensive management strategies,and interdisciplinary care in mitigating adverse *** addressing surgical interventions,this review evaluates conservative surgeries,amputations,and reconstructive procedures,highlighting the importance of tailored approaches based on individual patient profiles and the specific characteristics of foot *** integration of advanced diagnostic tools,novel surgical techniques,and postoperative care,including offloading and infection control,are discussed in the context of optimising healing and preserving limb function.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic foot Charcot Osteomyelitis Amputation Diabetic foot attack Conservative surgery

Use of ketamine for severe asthma exacerbation in a pregnant patient with persistent bronchospasm: A case report

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 130-133页

作者： Johnson M. Abbas M. Abdo J. Mansour M. jones J. pharmacy Department Beaumont Health Dearborn MI United States Emergency Center Beaumont Health Dearborn MI United States

Background Estimated 4%-8% of pregnancies are complicated by asthma. Adequate management in this population is critical to minimize complications. patients presenting with asthma exacerbation are typically managed with standard bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids. However, additional agents may be used in patients with refractory asthma exacerbation. Ketamine has been used in refractory bronchospasm, although its efficacy in published literature is heterogeneous. Case presentation We present a case of a pregnant patient with severe asthma exacerbation refractory to standard and salvage treatment who achieved termination of bronchospasm with ketamine infusion. Conclusion After receiving ketamine infusion for several days, the patient had improved air flow and achieved successful extubation, without experiencing rebound bronchospasm. Although this individual clinical case alone cannot change guidelines or directives to use in refractory asthma exacerbations, it offers a possible treatment option to patients and providers in unusually severe cases with extenuating risk factors. © Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Asthma Bronchospasms Case Report Ketamine pregnancy

煤中惰质组及其古环境意义:来自AI和大数据分析的启示

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第6期54卷 1806-1829页

作者：邵龙义周家民 Timothy p.jones 华芳辉徐小涛闫志明侯海海王东东鲁静中国矿业大学(北京)煤炭精细勘探与智能开发全国重点实验室中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院北京100083 School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF103YEWalesEngland 中国煤炭地质总局勘查研究总院北京100039 潍坊学院土木与交通学院潍坊261061 辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院阜新123000 山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院青岛266590

惰质组是煤中常见且重要的显微组分组,作为古野火指示物在古环境研究中发挥着至关重要的作用,古野火在多种生态系统中扮演着不可替代的角色.通过惰质组来讨论古野火与古气候变化及古植物演化的研究逐年增多.丝质体和半丝质体的反射率可... 详细信息

惰质组是煤中常见且重要的显微组分组,作为古野火指示物在古环境研究中发挥着至关重要的作用,古野火在多种生态系统中扮演着不可替代的角色.通过惰质组来讨论古野火与古气候变化及古植物演化的研究逐年增多.丝质体和半丝质体的反射率可以用来估算古野火的燃烧温度及类型,进而判断不同类型野火的燃烧特征.惰质组的相对丰度可以重建大气氧含量.人工智能(AI)和科学数据库的在线搜索工具的快速发展,使得查找、收集、整理和分析从最老到最新的出版物,以及出版物中的全球惰质组数据成为可能.本文使用数据提取工具Deep Shovel收集分析从志留纪到新近纪的全球惰质组数据,然后应用Gplates、ArcGIS pro、Tableau等多个软件建立地质历史时期惰质组相对丰度的变化模型,该模型可以与其他因素如大气氧含量、植物进化及古气候变化等进行关联.惰质组在地质历史中的分布特征差异很大,二叠纪属于典型的“高惰质组含量-高大气氧含量”时期,新生代属于典型的“低惰质组含量-低大气氧含量”时期.本文提出惰质组特征与古环境因素之间的可能性正负反馈关系,揭示出惰质组在地质古环境演化研究中发挥着不可替代的作用.未来惰质组相关研究应该聚焦在有机岩石学和有机地球化学的深入结合,大数据驱动的惰质组时、空分布特征,古野火在不同气候背景下的地球系统中发挥的作用以及融合现代野火研究预测未来由于气候变化导致的野火发生的频率和强度.

关键词：惰质组古野火大气氧含量古气候古生态系统

An alfalfa MYB-like transcriptional factor MsMYBH positively regulates alfalfa seedling drought resistance and undergoes MsWAV3-mediated degradation

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 683-699页

作者： Kun Shi Jia Liu Huan Liang Hongbin Dong Jinli Zhang Yuanhong Wei Le Zhou Shaopeng Wang Jiahao Zhu Mingshu Cao Chris S.jones Dongmei Ma Zan Wang College of Grassland Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China AgResearch Grasslands Research Centre Palmerston North 4442New Zealand International Livestock Research Institute Nairobi 00100Kenya School of Ecology and Environment Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Drought is a major threat to alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)*** discovery of important alfalfa genes regulating drought response will facilitate breeding for drought-resistant alfalfa ***,we report a genome-wide association study of drought resistance in *** identified and functionally characterized an MYB-like transcription factor gene(MsMYBH),which increases the drought resistance in *** with the wild-types,the biomass and forage quality were enhanced in MsMYBH overexpressed *** RNA-seq,proteomics and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that MsMYBH can directly bind to the promoters of MsMCp1,MsMCp2,MspRX1A and MsCARCAB to improve their *** outcomes of such interactions include better water balance,high photosynthetic efficiency and scavenge excess H_(2)O_(2)in response to ***,an E3 ubiquitin ligase(MsWAV3)was found to induce MsMYBH degradation under long-term drought,via the 26S proteasome ***,variable-number tandem repeats in MsMYBH promoter were characterized among a collection of germplasms,and the variation is associated with promoter ***,our findings shed light on the functions of MsMYBH and provide a pivotal gene that could be leveraged for breeding drought-resistant *** discovery also offers new insights into the mechanisms of drought resistance in alfalfa.

关键词： alfalfa drought resistance E3 ubiquitin ligase MsMYBH MsWAV3 MYB-like transcriptional factor

There is more to the knee joint than just the quadriceps:A systematic review with meta-analysis and evidence gap map of hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 521-536页

作者： Helder S.Lopes Marina C.Waiteman Liliam B.priore Neal R.Glaviano David M.Bazett-jones Ronaldo V.Briani Fabio M.Azevedo School of Science and Technology Physical Therapy DepartmentSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Presidente Prudente 19060-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology College of AgricultureHealth and Natural ResourcesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA School of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Health and Human ServicesUniversity of ToledoToledoOH 43606USA

Background:Impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology have been associated with altered knee biomechanics,pain,and *** the presence of these impairments in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders is important and may indicate targets for assessment and *** systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature to determine the presence of impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee ***:Five databases(MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,SpORTDiscus,and Web of Science)were searched from inception to September *** studies comparing hamstring outcomes(e.g.,strength,flexibility,and/or morphology)between individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders and their unaffected limbs or pain-free controls were ***-analyses for each knee disorder were ***-level certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation,and evidence gap maps were ***:Seventy-nine studies across 4 different gradual-onset knee disorders(i.e.,knee osteoarthritis(OA),patellofemoral pain(pFp),chondromalacia patellae,and patellar tendinopathy)were *** with knee OA presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to pain-free controls during isometric(standard mean difference(SMD)=-0.76,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.32 to-0.21)and concentric contractions(SMD=-0.97,95%CI:-1.49 to-0.45).Individuals with pFp presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to painfree controls during isometric(SMD=-0.48,95%CI:-0.82 to-0.14),concentric(SMD=-1.07,95%CI:-2.08 to-0.06),and eccentric contractions(SMD=-0.59,95%CI:-0.97 to-0.21).No differences were observed in individuals with patellar *** with pFp presented with reduced hamstring flexibility when compared to pain-free controls(SMD=-0.76,95%CI:-1.15 to-0.36).Evidence gap maps identified insufficient evidence for chondromalacia patel

关键词： Chondromalacia patellae Knee flexors Knee osteoarthritis patellar tendinopathy patellofemoral pain

Dual ecological and socio-cultural fragmentation induced by hydropower dams: Case studies from the Greater Himalayan region of India

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Zoological Research(Diversity and Conservation) 2024年第2期1卷 117-120页

作者： Garima Gupta Rahul Kotiyal Isabel L.jones Biological and Environmental Sciences University of StirlingScotland FK94LAUK Baramasa.in Narrating Himalaya 248001India

Climate change and biodiversity loss are pressing global challenges(pörtner et al.,2021).However,as global energy demand continues to increase(IEA,2021),nations face significant challenges to decarbonization and reaching“net zero”due to trade-offs between the often-competing needs of renewable energy generation and biodiversity *** example,hydropower generates renewable energy(Gibson et al.,2017),yet there are well-documented and severe consequences of dam development for biodiversity(e.g.,Zarfl et al.,2019)and people(e.g.,Bisht,2009)due to reservoir creation and disruption of river *** such potentially damaging ecological and social trade-offs,hydropower currently contributes 70%of global renewable energy and there are at least 3700 large dams planned or under construction globally(Zhang&Gu,2023).

关键词： reservoir consequences globally

In situ measurement of ECM rheology and microheterogeneity in embedded and overlaid 3D pancreatic tumor stroma co-cultures via passive particle tracking

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2017年第6期10卷 26-34页

作者： Dustin p.jones william Hanna Gwendolyn M.Cramer Jonathan p.Celli Department of physics University of Massachusetts Boston Boston MA 02215USA

Tumor growth is regulated by a diverse set of extraellular infuences,including paracrine crosstalk with stromal partners,and biophysical interactions with surrounding cells and *** elucidating the role of physical force and the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix(ECM)itself as regulators of tumor growth and invasion have been greatly catalyzed by the use of in ritro three-dimensional(3D)tumor *** systems provide the ability to systematically isolate,manipulate,and evaluate impact of stromal components and extracellular mechanics in a platform that is both conducive to imaging and biologically ***,recognizing that mechanoregulatory crosstalk is bi-directional and fully utilizing these models requires complementary methods for in situ measurements of the local mechanical ***,in 3D tumor/fbroblast co-culture models of pancreatic canocer,a discase characterized by its prominent stromal involvement,we evaluate the use of particle-tracking microrhoology to probe dynamic mechanical *** videos of fuorescently labeled polystyrene micro-spheres embedded in ollagen I ECM,we measure spatiotemporal changes in the Brownian motion of probes to report local ECM shear modulus and *** approach reveals st ffening of collagen in fibroblast co-cultures relative to cultures with cancer cells only,which exhibit degraded ECM with heterogeneous *** further show that these effects are dependent on culture geometry with contrast ing behavior for embedded and overlay *** addition to potential application to screening stroma targeted therapeutics,this work also provides insight into how the compoition and plating geometry impact the mechanical propertios of 3D cell cultures that are increasingly widey used in cancer biology.

关键词： Microrheology 3D tumor models matrix remodeling mechanobiology stromal depletion

Comprehensive overview of genotype distribution and prevalence of human papillomavirus in cervical lesions

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 37-47页

作者： Yuhong Ye Terrel jones Tiannan Wang Xianxu Zeng Yang Liu Chengquan Zhao Department of pathology the First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujianChina Department of pathology Magee-Womens HospitalUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of pathology University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of pathology The Third Affliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina Departments of Medicine and Bioengineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA

Acrosscervical squamousandgl and ular lesions,a spectrum of human papillomavirus(HpV)genotypes has been *** review aims to provide a comprehensive summary detailing the distribution and profile of HpV genotypes detected in cervical lesions,leveraging insights from histological and cytological ***-risk HpV(HR-HpV)genotypes exhibit varying degrees of oncogenic potential,with HpV16 and HpV18 identified as the most prevalent and oncogenic *** of HR-HpVgenotypes varies among different degrees of the cervical lesions and varies between squamous andglandular ***16 is predominantly associated with severe lesions(precancers and carcinomas),while HpV18 demonstrates a significantly higher prevalence in endocervical as compared with squamous *** distribution of HR-HpV in severe squamous lesions is complex,involving many HR-HpV genotypes in addition to HpV16,while the distribution of HR-HpV genotypes in endocervical glandular lesions is mainly limited in HpV18 and *** datasets from China have identified the three mostcommon HR-HpVgenotypes in this population as stratified by diagnostic category:HpV52,HpV16,HpV58 in histologically negative cases and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1(CIN1);HpV16,HpV52,HpV58 in CIN2/3;HpV16,HpV58,HpV52 or HpV18 in squamous cell carcinoma(SCC);HpV16,HpV18 and HpV52 in endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ(AIS),invasiveadenocarcinoma,as well asmixedsquamous and glandular ***33 is the fourth most common HpVtype in CIN2/3and SCC,whileHpV45occursmore commonly in AIS and adenocarcinoma,compared with squamous *** prevalence and distribution of multiple HR-HpV coinfections vary across different cervical *** clinical significance and pathogenesis of these multiple HR-HpV infections remain uncertain,although recent two large studies demonstrate that multiple HR-HpV infections are not associated with cumulatively higher risk of high-grade cervical squamous lesiondeve

关键词： cervical lesions prevalence

美国关于妊娠期间使用呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗预防婴儿呼吸道合胞病毒相关下呼吸道疾病的建议

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中国疫苗和免疫 2024年第3期30卷 377-382页

作者：刘斯宇(编译) 王富珍(审校) FLEMING-DUTRA KE jones JM ROpER LE 传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室中国疾病预防控制中心北京102206 中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心北京100050 不详

呼吸道合胞病毒(Respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)是导致美国婴儿住院的主要原因。尼塞韦单抗已被推荐用于预防婴儿RSV相关下呼吸道感染(Lower respiratory tract infection,LRTI)。2023年8月,美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)批准将单剂量RSVpreF疫苗用于妊娠32-36周孕妇,以预防practices,ACIp)RSV疫苗母婴工作组审查了RSV流行病学和RSV母婴预防产品(包括RSVpreF疫苗)在安全性、保护效果和潜在经济影响方面的证据。2023年9月22日,ACIp和疾病控制与预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and prevention,CDC)推荐采用季节性接种方式(在美国大陆大部分地区为9月至次年1月)为妊娠32-36周孕妇接种RSVpreF疫苗,以预防preF疫苗或者为婴儿使用尼塞韦单抗都是预防婴儿发生RSV相关LRTI的推荐方法,但大多数婴儿不需要同时采用两种方法。所有婴儿应通过上述某种产品获得保护,以预防RSV相关LRTI。

关键词：呼吸道合胞病毒下呼吸道疾病呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗预防接种妊娠期婴儿