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Impacts of climate-induced permafrost degradation on vegetation:A review

Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第1期12卷 29-47页

作者： jin Xiao-Ying jin hui-juna Go IWAHANA Sergey SMARCHENKO LUO Dong-Liang LI Xiao-Ying LIANG Si-Hai Northeast-China Observatory and Research Station of Permafrost Geological Environment(Ministry of Education) School of Civil EngineeringInstitute of Cold Region Science and TechnologyNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040China State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China International Arctic Research Center University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanks99775USA Permafrost Lab Geophysical InstituteUniversity of Alaska FairbanksFairbanks99775USA School of Water Resources and Environment China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China

Under a warming climate,degrading permafrost profoundly and extensively affects arctic and alpine ***,most existing relevant studies are more focused on the hydrothermal impacts of vegetation on the underlying permafrost,or symbiosis between vegetation and permafrost,only very few on ecological impacts of permafrost ***,there are much more pertinent investigations in arctic and boreal regions than those in alpine and high-plateau regions at mid-and low *** study emphasizes on the impact mechanisms of permafrost degradation on vegetation both at high and mid-to low latitudes,addressing vegetation succession trajectories and associated changes in soil hydrology and soil nutrient above degrading *** degradation influences vegetation by altering soil hydrology,soil biogeochemical processes and microbial communities,which further improve soil nutrient ***,under a warming climate,vegetation may take two successional trajectories,towards a wetter or drier ecosystem within a certain time period,but to a drier ecosystem in the end upon the thaw of permafrost in case of permeable soils and good ***,with rapidly developing remote-sensing and other space-and ground-based and air-borne observational networks and numerical predictive models,the impacting mechanisms of permafrost degradation on vegetation should be timely and better monitored,evaluated and modeled at desired spatiotemporal scales and resolutions by terrestrial or integrated ecosystem models.

关键词： Degrading permafrost Vegetation Impact mechanisms Climate warming Ecological impacts

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CaH2-promoted activity of Ni-carbonate interface for CO2 methanation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 522-532页

作者： jin-Peng Wang Guo-Cui Mao hui-Lin Jiang Bao-Xia Dong Yun-Lei Teng School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University

Transition metal-carbonate interfaces often act as active sites in heterogeneous catalytic *** interface between transition metal and metal carbonate exhibits a dynamic equilibrium during the CO2hydrogenation reaction,involving surface carbonate hydrogenation and ***,there have been few reports on engineering the activity of the interface between transition metal and alkaline earth metal carbonate for catalytic *** work demonstrated that the incorporation of CaH2in Ni/CaCO3enhances the CO2methanation activity of the *** CO2conversion for Ni/CaH2-CaCO3reached 68.5%at 400°C,which was much higher than that of the Ni/CaCO3（31.6%） and Ni/CaH2-CaO （42.4%） ***,the Ni/CaH2-CaCO3catalysts remained stable during the stability test for 24 h at 400°C and 8 *** research revealed that CaH2played a crucial role in promoting the activity of the Ni-carbonate interface for ***2could modify the electronic structure of Ni and tune the structural properties of CaCO3to generate medium basic sites （OH groups）,which are favorable for the activation of H2and ***-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） analysis combined with density functional theory calculations demonstrated that CO2activation occurs at the hydroxyl group （OH） on the CaH2-modified Ni-carbonate surface,leading to the formation of CO3H****,our study has confirmed that CO2methanation over the Ni/CaH2-CaCO3catalysts proceeds via the formate pathway.

关键词： Metal hydride Ni catalysts Carbonate Metal-carbonate interface

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Vector meson's spin alignments in high energy reactions

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 5-20页

作者： jin-hui Chen Zuo-Tang Liang Yu-Gang Ma Xin-Li Sheng Qun Wang Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan University Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE)Shandong University INFN-Firenze Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China School of Mechanics and Physics Anhui University of Science and Technology

The global spin alignment of vector mesons has been observed by the STAR collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider （RHIC） at Brookhaven National Laboratory （BNL）.It provides a unique opportunity to probe the correlation between the polarized quark and antiquark in the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma （sQGP） produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions,opening a new window to explore the properties of s *** addition,spin alignments of vector mesons have also been observed in other high-energy particle collisions such as e+e-annihilations at high energies where hadron production is dominated by quark fragmentation *** results obtained are quite different from those obtained in heavy ion collisions where quark coalescence/combination mechanism dominates suggesting strong dependence on hadronization *** comprehensive studies in different hadronization processes are *** this article,we present a brief review of theoretical and experimental advances in the study of vector meson’s spin alignments in a variety of high-energy particle collisions,with emphasis on hadronization mechanisms.

关键词： vector meson spin alignment global polarization relativistic heavy ion collisions fragmentation

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Enhanced solid-electrolyte interface efficiency for practically viable hydrogen-air fuel cell systems

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 356-368页

作者： Venkitesan Sakthivel Dong jin Yoo Graduate School Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering (BK21 FOUR) Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center Jeonbuk National University Jeonju Department of Life Science Jeonbuk National University

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells （PEMFCs） provide an appealing sustainable energy system,with the solid-electrolyte membrane playing a crucial role in its overall ***,sulfonated poly（1,4-phenylene ether-ether sulfone）(SPEES),an aromatic hydrocarbon polymer,has garnered considerable attention as an alternative to Nafion ***,the long-term durability and stability of SPEES present a significant *** this context,we introduce a potential solution in the form of an additive,specifically a core–shell-based amine-functionalized iron titanate （A–Fe2TiO5）,which holds promise for improving the lifetime,proton conductivity,and power density of SPEES in *** modified SPEES/A–Fe2TiO5composite membranes exhibited notable characteristics,including high water uptake,enhanced thermomechanical stability,and oxidative ***,the SPEES membrane loaded with 1.2 wt%of A–Fe2TiO5demonstrates a maximum proton conductivity of 155 mS cm-1,a twofold increase compared to the SPEES membrane,at 80°C under 100%relative humidity （RH）.Furthermore,the 1.2 wt%of A–Fe2TiO5/SPEES composite membranes exhibited a maximum power density of 397.37 mW cm-2and a current density of 1148 mA cm-2at 60°C under 100%RH,with an opencircuit voltage decay of 0.05 m V/h during 103 h of continuous *** study offers significant insights into the development and understanding of innovative SPEES nanocomposite membranes for PEMFC applications.

关键词： Acid-base Hybrid membrane Proton conductivity Polymer electrolyte fuel cell Single-cell performance

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Local magnetic moment oscillation around an Anderson impurity on graphene

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 192-201页

作者： Shuai Li Zhen Ma jin-Hua Gao School of Science Hebei University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Information Zhengzhou University of Light Industry School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center Huazhong University of Science and Technology

We theoretically investigate the spin resolved Friedel oscillation （FO） and quasiparticle interference （QPI） in graphene induced by an Anderson *** the impurity becomes magnetic,the resulted FO becomes spin dependent,which gives rise to a local magnetic moment oscillation with an envelop decaying as r-2in real space in the doping ***,at half filling,the electron density and local magnetic moment will not oscillate but decay as *** spin resolved FO has both sublattice and spin ***,the local magnetic moment decay at half filling only occurs at one sublattice of graphene,which is quite like the phenomenon observed in the STM experiment (***ález-Herrero et al.,Science 352,437 （2016）).We further give an analytic formula about such spin dependent FO based on the stationary phase ***,we study the interference of quasiparticles around the magnetic impurity by calculating the spin dependent Fourier-transformed local density of states （FT-LDOS）.Our work gives a comprehensive understanding about the local magnetic moment oscillation around an Anderson impurity on graphene.

关键词： Friedel oscillation local magnetic moment graphene Anderson impurity

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An Efficient Boron Source Activation Strategy for the Low‑Temperature Synthesis of Boron Nitride Nanotubes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 548-558页

作者： Ying Wang Kai Zhang Liping Ding Liyun Wu Songfeng E Qian He Nanyang Wang hui Zuo Zhengyang Zhou Feng Ding Yue Hu jin Zhang Yagang Yao National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied SciencesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materialsand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People’s Republic of China School of Electronic Information and Artificial Intelligence Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXian 710000People’s Republic of China College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXian 710000People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325000People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518000People’s Republic of China College of Chemical and Molecular Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China

Lowering the synthesis temperature of boron nitride nanotubes(BNNTs)is crucial for their *** primary reason for adopting a high temperature is to enable the effective activation of highmelting-point solid *** this study,we developed a novel approach for efficiently activating boron by introducing alkali metal compounds into the conventional MgO–B *** approach can be adopted to form various low-melting-point AM–Mg–B–O growth *** growth systems have improved catalytic capability and reactivity even under low-temperature conditions,facilitating the synthesis of BNNTs at temperatures as low as 850℃.In addition,molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory theoretically demonstrate that the systems maintain a liquid state at low temperatures and interact with N atoms to form BN *** findings offer novel insights into the design of boron activation and are expected to facilitate research on the low-temperature synthesis of BNNTs.

关键词： Boron nitride nanotubes Low-temperature Boron activation Density functional theory

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Mediating role of health literacy in the relationship between social isolation and psychological distress among pre-frail older adults

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 137-144页

作者： Juan Fang Li-hui Li Ming-Qian He Yue Ji Dong-Yan Lu Li-Bing Zhang jin-Lan Yao School of Medicine Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Frailty has become a significant public health *** recent increase in the number of frail older adults has led to increased attention being paid to psycho-logical care services in *** social isolation of pre-frail older adults can impact their psychological *** To explore the mediating effect of health literacy between social isolation and psychological distress among communitydwelling older adults with *** This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 254 pre-frail older individuals aged 60 years and *** isolation,health literacy,and psycholo-gical distress were comprehensively measured using the Lubben Social Network Scale-6,12-item Short-Form Health Literacy Questionnaire,and the Kessler Psy-chological Distress *** were evaluated using the SPSS 27.0 package program and the PROCESS macro *** statistical analyses,correlation analyses,and bootstrap mediation tests were used to assess associations between the *** The results showed that social isolation had an effect on health literacy among pre-frail older adults(β=0.240,P<0.001),social isolation impact on psycho-logical distress pre-frail older adults(β=-0.415,P<0.001);health literacy was identified effect on psychological distress among pre-frail older persons(β=-0.307,P<0.001).Health literacy partially mediated the relationship between social isolation and psychological distress among community-dwelling older adults with pre-frailty,with a mediation effect of-0.074,accounting for 17.83%of the total effect.

关键词： Frail Ageing Psychological distress Health literacy Social isolation

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Fibrinogen’s potential role in connecting cerebrovascular abnormalities with glymphatic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 203-204页

作者： Vishal Singh Arnab Choudhury Hyung jin Ahn Department of Pharmacology Physiology and NeurosciencesRutgers-New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA Brain Health Institute Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)stands out as the primary manifestation of age-related dementia,portraying a chronic neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by the accumulation of fibrillar amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated ***,from a clinical standpoint,AD presents itself as a complex condition with a spectrum of dysfunctions rather than a singular pathological *** often-overlooked aspect of the disease is the presence of extensive cerebrovascular abnormalities,given that the majority of AD patients experience altered cerebral blood flow,damaged vasculature,increased microinfarcts and *** models of AD further support this observation,showing cerebrovascular dysfunction such as impaired cerebral blood flow and altered cerebrovascular reactivity(Tataryn et al.,2021;Gareau et al.,2023).

关键词： cerebrovascular dysfunction Alzheimer

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High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system:regeneration hidden beneath inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 107-115页

作者： Hanki Kim Bum Jun Kim Seungyon Koh Hyo jin Cho Xuelian jin Byung Gon Kim Jun Young Choi Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Ajou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuqianJiangsu ProvinceChina

High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and ***-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain *** drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system *** it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system *** this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory *** targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.

关键词： central nervous system damage-associated molecular pattern ethyl pyruvate glycyrhizzin high mobility group box 1 inflammation neural stem cells neurodevelopment oligodendrocyte progenitor cells redox status regeneration

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The gut-eye axis:from brain neurodegenerative diseases to age-related macular degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2741-2757页

作者： Qianzi jin Suyu Wang Yujia Yao Qin Jiang Keran Li Department of Ophthalmology The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Age-related macular degeneration is a serious neurodegenerative disease of the retina that significantly impacts ***,the specific pathogenesis remains unclear,and effective early treatment options are consequently *** microbiome is defined as a large ecosystem of microorganisms living within and coexisting with a *** intestinal microbiome undergoes dynamic changes owing to age,diet,genetics,and other *** dysregulation of the intestinal flora can disrupt the microecological balance,resulting in immunological and metabolic dysfunction in the host,and affecting the development of many *** recent decades,significant evidence has indicated that the intestinal flora also influences systems outside of the digestive tract,including the ***,several studies have demonstrated the critical role of the gut-brain axis in the development of brain neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s ***,the role of the“gut-eye axis”has been confirmed to play a role in the pathogenesis of many ocular ***,age-related macular degeneration and many brain neurodegenerative diseases have been shown to share several risk factors and to exhibit comparable *** such,the intestinal flora may play an important role in age-related macular *** the above context,the present review aims to clarify the gut-brain and gut-eye connections,assess the effect of intestinal flora and metabolites on age-related macular degeneration,and identify potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic ***,direct research on the role of intestinal flora in age-related macular degeneration is still relatively limited,while studies focusing solely on intestinal flora are insufficient to fully elucidate its functional role in age-related macular ***-on-a-chip technology has shown promise in clarifying the gut-eye interactions,while integrating analysis of the inte

关键词： age-related macular degeneration biological agents blinding eye disease dietary nutrition fecal microbial transplantation gut-eye axis intestinal flora metabolite microecology neurodegenerative disease

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