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Evaluating different levels of information on the calibration of building energy simulation models

Building Simulation 2024年第4期17卷 657-676页

作者： Siyu Cheng Zeynep Duygu Tekler Hongyuan Ji Wenxin Li Adrian chong Department of the Built Environment College of Design and EngineeringNational University of Singapore4 Architecture DriveSingapore117566Singapore School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing401331China School of Energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China

A poorly calibrated model undermines confidence in the effectiveness of building energy simulation, impeding the widespread application of advanced energy conservation measures (ECMs). Striking a balance between information-gathering efforts and achieving sufficient model credibility is crucial but often obscured by ambiguities. To address this gap, we model and calibrate a test bed with different levels of information (LOI). Beginning with an initial model based on building geometry (LOI 1), we progressively introduce additional information, including nameplate information (LOI 2), envelope conductivity (LOI 3), zone infiltration rate (LOI 4), AHU fan power (LOI 5), and HVAC data (LOI 6). The models are evaluated for accuracy, consistency, and the robustness of their predictions. Our results indicate that adding more information for calibration leads to improved data fit. However, this improvement is not uniform across all observed outputs due to identifiability issues. Furthermore, for energy-saving analysis, adding more information can significantly affect the projected energy savings by up to two times. Nevertheless, for ECM ranking, models that did not meet ASHRAE 14 accuracy thresholds can yield correct retrofit decisions. These findings underscore equifinality in modeling complex building systems. Clearly, predictive accuracy is not synonymous with model credibility. Therefore, to balance efforts in information-gathering and model reliability, it is crucial to (1) determine the minimum level of information required for calibration compatible with its intended purpose and (2) calibrate models with information closely linked to all outputs of interest, particularly when simultaneous accuracy for multiple outputs is necessary.

关键词： calibration building energy simulation(BES) energy conservation measure(ECM) level of information field measurements

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A method of automatic shape depiction and information extraction for oceanic eddies in SAR images

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Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation 2018年第3期9卷 241-248页

作者： ZHENG Ping chong jin song WANG Yu-hang NationaZ Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Microwave Imaging Beijing 100190China Institute of Electronics Chinese Acaclemy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Synthetic aperture radar （SAR） provides a large amount of image data for the observation and research of oceanic eddies. The use of SAR images to automatically depict the shape of eddies and extract the eddy information is of great significance to the study of the oceanic eddies and the application of SAR eddy images. In this paper, a method of automatic shape depiction and information extraction for oceanic eddies in SAR images is proposed, which is for the research of spiral eddies. Firstly, the skeleton image is got by the skeletonization of SAR image. Secondly, the logarithmic spirals detected in the skeleton image are drawn on the SAR image to depict the shape of oceanic eddies. Finally, the eddy information is extracted based on the results of shape depiction. The sentinel 1 SAR eddy images in the Black Sea area were used for the experiment in this paper. The experimental results show that the proposed method can automatically depict the shape of eddies and extract the eddy information. The shape depiction results are consistent with the actual shape of the eddies, and the extracted eddy information is consistent with the reference information extracted by manual operation. As a result, the validity of the method is verified.

关键词： SAR image ocean eddies shape depiction information extraction

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同步Buck电路在有源负载中的关键技术

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电力电子技术 2013年第4期47卷 84-86页

作者：彭刚张崇金华中科技大学湖北武汉430074

讨论了同步Buck变换器带有源性负载时,工作于电感电流连续模式(CCM)和断续模式(DCM)时的运行状态,提出了一种防止出现电流回流的保护方法,通过实际电路验证了此方法的有效性。基于此保护技术,实现了同步Buck变换器的软启动、脉冲频率调... 详细信息

讨论了同步Buck变换器带有源性负载时,工作于电感电流连续模式(CCM)和断续模式(DCM)时的运行状态,提出了一种防止出现电流回流的保护方法,通过实际电路验证了此方法的有效性。基于此保护技术,实现了同步Buck变换器的软启动、脉冲频率调制(PFM)和脉冲宽度调制(PWM)控制。

关键词：变换器同步有源负载软启动

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高房价、土地财政与房住不炒:房地产税能抑制房价吗?

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现代财经（天津财经大学学报） 2019年第1期39卷 3-15页

作者：刘金东杨璇汪崇金山东财经大学财政税务学院山东济南250014 中国社会科学院财经战略研究院北京100028

关于房地产税能否抑制房价的研究普遍存在期限混淆和现实数据匮乏的难题,造成研究结论各不相同。本文采用家庭微观数据和地区宏观数据,区分房地产税推出后的短期和长期影响并分别进行了理论和实证分析,发现:其一,房地产税推行之初,将会... 详细信息

关于房地产税能否抑制房价的研究普遍存在期限混淆和现实数据匮乏的难题,造成研究结论各不相同。本文采用家庭微观数据和地区宏观数据,区分房地产税推出后的短期和长期影响并分别进行了理论和实证分析,发现:其一,房地产税推行之初,将会带来存量房供给的一次性释放,短期内供需失衡将造成房价回调,回调幅度存在区域异质性,相比经济发达地区和经济落后地区,中等经济水平地区受影响的程度最大;其二,随着市场供需达到新的均衡,在房地产税平稳运行之后,地方政府将成为影响房价长期走势的关键因素,随着地方政府对房地产的财政依赖程度的进一步加强,反而会在长期推高房价水平。因此,房地产税改革的着眼点要放在调节公平和完善税制上,无论是长期还是短期,房地产税调控房价的功能均不符合中央的治理初衷和政策预期。

关键词：房地产税房价以租养税

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基于Agilent VEE的热电池自动测试系统软件开发

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电源技术 2009年第1期33卷 47-50页

作者：董程林种晋中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所天津300381

基于Agilent VEE可视化编程程序开发出了热电池在线自动测试程序。利用VEE不仅可以迅速地编写电池常用的恒流放电程序、恒阻放电程序,以及单个脉冲的放电程序,还可以简单迅速地完成连续脉冲放电程序的编写,以及多种放电方式的组合程序... 详细信息

基于Agilent VEE可视化编程程序开发出了热电池在线自动测试程序。利用VEE不仅可以迅速地编写电池常用的恒流放电程序、恒阻放电程序,以及单个脉冲的放电程序,还可以简单迅速地完成连续脉冲放电程序的编写,以及多种放电方式的组合程序编写。在线自动测试程序不仅能高精度控制电池放电过程,而且简化了放电设备,节省了大量的放电前期设备准备和调试时间。热电池在线自动测试系统的开发与应用有效提高了热电池过程质量控制水平,保证了电池性能的一致性。

关键词：热电池在线自动测试 Agilent VEE 可视化编程

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神经眼科学范畴和中国神经眼科的现状与展望

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中华眼底病杂志 2006年第6期22卷 363-366页

作者：童绎金崇华福建医科大学附属第一医院眼科福州300005 中国医学科学院附属北京天坛医院眼科

1神经眼科学范畴[1-3] 　　中枢神经系统与眼的生理功能密切相关,前者包8括脑、颅、脊髓;后者包括眼球及眼附属器、视神经、眼眶及眶内诸软组织.视功能损害,如视力减退、视野缺损、色觉障碍、视觉对比敏感度降低、双眼视觉缺陷等,以及... 详细信息

1神经眼科学范畴[1-3] 　　中枢神经系统与眼的生理功能密切相关,前者包8括脑、颅、脊髓;后者包括眼球及眼附属器、视神经、眼眶及眶内诸软组织.视功能损害,如视力减退、视野缺损、色觉障碍、视觉对比敏感度降低、双眼视觉缺陷等,以及眼球位置改变、眼球运动障碍等,都可能是缘于中枢神经系统病变.与脑、脊髓、颅、眶相关的眼科问题都属于神经眼科范畴.明确上述异常是缘于眼病、眼眶病还是颅脑病,是眼科医师的责任.早期做出正确诊断并制定合理的治疗方案,是神经眼科学的首要任务.在眼科临床实践中,眼科医师遇到的神经眼科问题,比单纯的眼病还要多.在如此众多和复杂的神经眼科问题面前,做出准确的判断并不容易,这不仅需要眼科医师熟悉神经眼科的关键概念,认真采集病史,进行仔细的临床检查,合理应用影像技术进行综合分析,而且需要眼科医师转变思维观念,从局部思维转向整体思维,通过实践不断积累经验.眼科医师提升神经眼科的诊疗水平是提高医疗质量的重要环节。

关键词：视神经预测综述文献中枢神经系统

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Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Cotinus coggygria *** in vivo

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第6期14卷 225-235页

作者： Kai Lu chong-Yu Yang Zhao-Hong Yan Department of Anesthesiology Qiantang Campus Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310018China Department of Anesthesiology 3201 HospitalHanzhong723000China Department of Anesthesiology The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Air Force Medical UniversityXi’an710038China

Objective:To assess the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of standardized extract of Cotinus coggygria(***)in different animal ***:*** extracts(25,50,and 100 mg/kg)were administered to rats and mice(n=6)during hot plate,tail-flick,acetic acid-induced writhing,and formalin tests to determine its analgesic *** anti-inflammatory activity of *** extracts was evaluated by histamine and carrageenan-induced paw edema,cotton pellet-induced granuloma,and acetic acid-induced peritoneal capillary dye leakage ***:*** extracts(50 and 100 mg/kg)significantly alleviated thermal and chemical-induced pain in rodents(P<0.05).It also demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory properties by mitigating histamine and carrageenan-induced paw edema,granuloma deposits,and vascular permeability(P<0.05).Moreover,*** extracts remarkably reduced TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,COX-2,and oxidative stress in rat paws(P<0.05).Carrageenan-induced histological aberrations in hind paw tissues were effectively(P<0.05)mitigated by treatment with *** ***:*** *** show analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of COX-2 and inflammatory and oxidative mediators.

关键词： Antioxidant Carrageenan Cotinus coggygria Scop. Anti-inflammatory Analgesic Pain TNF-α Fustin

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玉米商业化育种选育目标的探讨

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玉米科学 2006年第4期14卷 175-176页

作者：曹崇金四川省雅安市雅玉科技开发有限公司四川雅安625000

根据目前许多育种工作者对商业化育种的理解,提出了商业化育种概念,同时结合玉米育种实际,提出进行玉米商业化育种要达到的目标以及宜采用的育种方法。

关键词：玉米商业化育种玉米育种目标

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Acoustic Velocity-Based Inversion of the Physical Properties of Sea Ice in the Central Arctic Region

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第5期23卷 1213-1220页

作者： KONG Yadong XING Junhui XU Haowei XU chong Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Education(MOE)and College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266071China

Studying the Arctic sea ice contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the climate system in polar regions and offers valuable insights into the interplay between polar climate change and the global climate and *** of the key research aspects is the investigation of the temperature,salinity,and density parameters of sea ice to obtain essential *** the 11th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition,acoustic velocity was measured on an ice core at a short-term ice station,however,temperature,salinity,and density were not *** the present work,we utilized a genetic algorithm to invert these obtained acoustic velocity data to sea ice temperature,salinity,and density parameters on the basis of the relationship between acoustic velocity and the physical properties of Arctic summer sea *** validated the effectiveness of this inversion procedure by comparing its findings with those of other *** results indicate that within the normalized depth range of 0.43-0.94,the ranges for temperature,salinity,and density are -0.48--0.29℃,1.63-3.35,and 793.1-904.1 kg m^(-3),respectively.

关键词： acoustic velocity Arctic sea ice inversion of sea ice properties genetic algorithm

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Regulating the crystal phase of bismuth-based semiconductors for promoted photocatalytic performance

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 1839-1864页

作者： Zhaohui Wu Mei-Chi chong Shiying Zhang Junshan Li Yongfa Zhu Hunan Key Laboratory of Applied Environmental Photocatalysis Changsha UniversityChangsha410022China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Institute for Advanced Study Chengdu UniversityChengdu610106China

Numerous bismuth-based semiconductors(BBSs)with sophisticated and desirable structures used as photocatalysts for efficient photocatalytic degradation of water organic contaminants have attracted considerable ***,regulating the crystal phases and phase transition of BBSs for promoted photocatalytic performance is ***,the unique crystal structure and band structure features of each typical BBSs,and the vital roles on phase controlling of each phase were systematically presented based on the classification of ***,the critical factors for the phase transition of BBSs and intrinsic driving forces endowed by phases of BBSs for enhanced photocatalytic performance of organic contaminants removal were also *** review will provide systematical guidelines and horizons for regulating the crystal phase and phase transition of BBSs,promoting photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of organic contaminants.

关键词： bismuth-based semiconductors phase regulation photocatalytic performances organic contaminants

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