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Characterization of the Intracellular Distribution of Adenine Nucleotide Translocase (ANT) in Drosophila Indirect Flight Muscles

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CellBio 2013年第3期2卷 149-162页

作者： Vivek k. Vishnudas Shawna S. Guillemette Panagiotis Lekkas David w. Maughan jim O. Vigoreaux Department of Biology University of Vermont Burlington USA Department of Biology University of Vermont Burlington USA Berg Biosystems Framingham USA Department of Biology University of Vermont Burlington USA Department of Cancer Biology University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester USA Department of Biology University of Vermont Burlington USA Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics University of Vermont Burlington USA Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics University of Vermont Burlington USA

Background: The high power output necessary for insect flight has driven the evolution of muscles with large myofibrils (primary energy consumers) and abundant mitochondria (primary energy suppliers). The intricate functional interrelationship between these two organelles remains largely unknown despite its fundamental importance in understanding insect flight bioenergetics. Unlike vertebrate muscle that relies on a phosphagen (creatine phosphate/creatine kinase) system to regulate high energy phosphate flux, insect flight muscle has been reported to lack mitochondrial arginine kinase (analogous to creatine kinase), a key enzyme that enables intracellular energy transport. Creatine kinase is known to interact with mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) in the transfer of ADP and ATP into and out of the mitochondria. Results: Here, we use quantitative immunogold transmission electron microscopy to show that in Drosophila melanogaster indirect flight muscles (IFM), ANT is present in the mitochondria as well as throughout the myofibril. To confirm this unexpected result, we created a transgenic line that expresses a chimeric GFP-ANT protein and used an anti-GFP antibody to determine the intracellular distribution of the fusion protein in the IFM. Similar to results obtained with anti-ANT, the fusion GFP-ANT protein is detected in myofibrils and mitochondria. we confirmed the absence of arginine kinase from IFM mitochondria and show that its sarcomeric (i.e., intramyofibrillar) distribution is similar to that of ANT. Conclusions: These results raise the possibility that direct channeling of nucleotides between mitochondria and myofibrils is assisted by an ANT protein thereby circumventing the need for a phosphagen shuttle in the IFM. The myofibrillar ANT may represent a unique adaptation in the muscles that require efficient exchange of nucleotides between mitochondria and myofibrils.

关键词： Drosophila Insect Flight Muscle Adenine Nucleotide Translocase Phosphagen System

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within-brood body size and immunological differences in Blue Tit(Cyanistes caeruleus)nestlings relative to ectoparasitism

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 362-368页

作者： Jorge Garrido-Bautista Antonio Soria Cristina E.Trenzado Amalia Pérez-jiménez Eliana Pintus José Luis Ros-Santaella Nicola Bernardo Mar Comas Stanislav kolencík Gregorio Moreno-Rueda Departamento de Zoología Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain Departamento de Biología Celular Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain Department of Veterinary Sciences Faculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýck a 12916500Prague 6SuchdolCzech Republic Estaci on Biol ogica de Do~nana EBD-CSICAv.Am erico Vespucio 2641092SevilleSpain Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth CollegeNH03755HanoverUSA Department of Biology University of NevadaNV89557RenoUSA

Several ectoparasites parasitise nestlings decreasing their body condition,growth and *** minimise any loss of fitness due to ectoparasites,birds have developed a wide variety of defence mechanisms,potentially including hatching *** to the Tasty Chick Hypothesis(TCH),the cost of parasitism would be reduced if ectoparasites tend to eat on less immunocompetent nestlings,typically the last-hatched chick in asynchronously hatched broods,as they are in poor body *** predictions of the TCH are that immune capacity is lower in smaller nestlings than in larger ones and that parasites should provoke a more negative effect on smaller ***,we test these predictions in a population of Blue Tits(Cyanistes caeruleus)whose broods are parasitised by Hen Fleas(Ceratophyllus gallinae)and Blowflies(Protocalliphora azurea).we recorded the presence of both ectoparasites and analysed the immunocompetence(number of leucocytes per 10,000 erythrocytes and cutaneous immune response to phytohaemagglutinin)and body condition of smaller and larger nestlings within individual *** leucocyte count was higher in smaller nestlings than in larger ones,whereas the cutaneous immune response did not differ between smaller and larger *** nestlings,but not larger nestlings,had lower body mass when fleas were ***,by contrast,had no detectable negative effect on ***,our findings provide partial support to the *** immune capacity in smaller nestlings than in larger ones was not supported,but Hen Fleas seemed to negatively impact on smaller nestlings more than on larger ones.

关键词： Blowflies Blue tit Cyanistes caeruelus Ectoparasites Hen fleas Immunocompetence Tasty Chick Hypothesis

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小鼠TRIM59蛋白多克隆抗体的制备、鉴定与初步应用

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西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2009年第12期37卷 11-16,21页

作者：姜飞刘小林李喜莲 jim w Xuan 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院陕西省农业分了生物学重点实验室陕西杨凌712100 西安大略大学生理与药学系加拿大伦敦安大略N6ASCI

【目的】制备兔抗鼠三结构域蛋白59(Tripartite motif-containing 59,TRIM59)多克隆抗体。【方法】利用PCR方法得到小鼠TRIM59基因片段,将其克隆至pGEX-2T原核表达载体中,转入大肠杆菌BL21,IPTG诱导表达GST-TRIM59融合蛋白。GST-TRIM59融合蛋白经亲和层析纯化浓缩后免疫新西兰大耳白兔,制备多克隆抗体,通过ELISA测定兔抗鼠TRIM59多克隆抗体效价,用western blot测定其特异性。用免疫组织化学方法检测TRIM59在小鼠前列腺癌组织中的表达。【结果】成功构建了pGEX-2T-TRIM59原核表达重组质粒,并诱导表达出GST-TRIM59融合蛋白,免疫新西兰大耳白兔5周后获得多克隆抗体。ELISA测定结果表明,TRIM59多克隆抗体效价为1∶106以上;western blot分析表明,TRIM59多克隆抗体具有良好的特异性。免疫组织化学检测发现,TRIM59在小鼠前列腺癌组织细胞中高表达。【结论】成功地制备了特异性良好的兔抗鼠TRIM59多克隆抗体,其具有良好的免疫学活性,能够用于相关研究。

关键词： TRIM59基因多克降抗体小鼠肿瘤

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作者： jim·Yukich导演

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Noether conserved quantities and Lie point symmetries of difference Lagrange-Maxwell equations and lattices

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第7期18卷 2634-2641页

作者：傅景礼聂宁明黄健飞 jiménez Salvador 唐贻发 Vzquez Luis 赵维加 Institute of Mathematical Physics Zhejiang Sci-Tech University State key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing ICMSECAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Mathematics Qingdao University Departamento de Matema'tica Aplicada TTII E.T.S.I.Telecomunicacio'nUniversidad Polit'ecnica de Madrid28040-MadridSpain Departamento de Matemática Aplicada Facultad de MatemáticasInstituto de Matemática Interdisciplinar(IMI)Universidad Complutense de Madrid28040-MadridSpain Departamento de Matemática Aplicada Facultad de InformáticaInstituto de Matemática Interdisciplinar(IMI)Universidad Complutense de Madrid28040-MadridSpain

This paper presents a method to find Noether-type conserved quantities and Lie point symmetries for discrete mechanico-electrical dynamical systems,which leave invuriant the set of solutions of the corresponding difference scheme. This approach makes it possible to devise techniques for solving the Lagrange Maxwell equations in differences which correspond to mechanico-electrical systems,by adapting existing differential *** particular,it obtains a new systematic method to determine both the one-parameter Lie groups and the discrete Noether conserved quantities of Lie point symmetries for mechanico-electrical *** an application,it obtains the Lie point symmetries and the conserved quantities for the difference equation of a model that represents a capacitor microphone.

关键词： Lagrange Maxwell equation Lie point symmetry discrete mechanico-electrical system conserved quantity

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The relation between ductility at high temperature and solid solution in Mg alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第1期10卷 241-256页

作者： D.F.Shi C.M.Cepeda-jiménez M.T.Pérez-Prado IM DEA Materials Institute C/Eric Ka ridel228906 GetafeMadridSpain Department of Materials Science Polytechnic University of Madrid/Universidad Politecnica de MadridE.T.S.de Ingenieros de Caminos28040MadridSpain Department of Physical Metallurgy CENIMCSICAv.Gregorio del Amo 828040 MadridSpain

This work investigates the effect of solid solution on ductility and on the activation of individual deformation mechanisms at moderate temperatures and at quasi-static strain rates in Mg-Zn and Mg-Al alloys. with that aim, four solid solution Mg-Zn and Mg-Al binary alloy ingots containing 1 and 2 wt.% solute atoms were subjected to hot rolling and subsequent annealing to generate polycrystals with similar average grain size and basal-type texture for each composition. The activity of the different slip systems after tensile testing at 150°C and at 250°C was evaluated in pure Mg and in the alloys by EBSD-assisted slip trace analysis. In addition, segregation of Zn and Al atoms at grain boundaries during the thermo-mechanical processing was characterized by HAADF-STEM and EDX. It was found that while the addition of Al and Zn atoms to pure Mg does not lead to major changes in the mechanical strength at the investigated temperatures, it does enhance ductility significantly, especially at 250℃. Our results show that this increase in ductility cannot be attributed to a higher activation of non-basal systems in the alloys, as reported earlier, as the incidence of non-basal systems is indeed considerably higher in pure Mg. This work suggests, on the contrary, that the ductility increase may be attributed to the presence of a more homogenous basal activity in the alloys due to a lower degree of orientation clustering, to grain boundary solute segregation, and to a higher slip diffusivity at grain interiors.

关键词： Magnesium Solute segregation Slip trace analysis Ductility Deformation mechanisms

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Diagnosis of clinical and subclinical varicocele： how has it evolved？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第2期18卷 182-185,J0002,J0003页

作者： Ruth E Belay Gene Omar Huang jim ken-Chie Shen Edmund Yuey kun ko Department of Urology Loma Linda University School of Medicine Loma Linda California USA.

In this review, we examine the evolution and application of various diagnostic modalities for varicoceles starting with venography, scintigraphy, and thermography and their role in the evaluation of a varicocele patient. Some of these methods have been supplanted by less invasive and more easily performed diagnostic modalities, especially ultrasound and Doppler examination of the scrotum. Advances in ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging hold the potential to expand the role of imaging beyond that of visual confirmation and characterization of varicoceles. The ability to identify the early indicators of testicular dysfunction based on imaging findings may have implications for the management of varicoceles in the future.

关键词： scrotum testis varicocele

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Novel exosome-targeted T-cell-based vaccine counteracts T-cell anergy and converts CTL exhaustion in chronic infection via CD40L signaling through the mTORC1 pathway

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第6期14卷 529-545页

作者： Rong wang Aizhang Xu Xueying Zhang Jie wu Andrew Freywald Jianqing Xu jim Xiang Cancer Research Cluster Saskatchewan Cancer Agency Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada S7N4H4 School of Public Health University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada S7N 5E5 Department of Pathology College of Medicine University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada S7N 5E5 Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Fudan University Shanghai 201508 China Department of Oncology College of Medicine University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada S7N 5E5

CD8＋ cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） exhaustion is a chief issue for ineffective virus elimination in chronic infectious diseases. we generated novel ovalbumin （OVA）-specific OVA-Texo and HIV-specific Gag-Texo vaccines inducing therapeutic immunity. To assess their therapeutic effect in chronic infection, we developed a new chronic infection model by i.v. infecting C57BL/6 mice with the OVA-expressing adenovirus AdVova. During chronic AdVova infection, mouse CTLs were found to express the inhibitory molecules programmed cell-death protein-1 （PD-1） and lymphocyte-activation gene-3 （LAG-3） and to be functionally exhausted, showing a significant deficiency in T-cell proliferation, IFN-7 production and cytolytic effects. Naive CD8＋ T cells upregulated inhibitory PD-ligand 1 （PD-L1）, B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator and T-cell anergy-associated molecules （Grail and Itch） while down-regulating the proliferative response upon stimulation in mice with chronic infection. Remarkably, the OVA-Texo vaccine counteracted T-cell anergy and converted CTL exhaustion. The latter was associated with （i） the upregulation of a marker for CTL functionality, diacetylated histone-H3 （diAcH3）, （ii） a fourfold increase in CTLs, occurring independent of host DCs or CD4＋ T cells, and （iii） the restoration of CTL IFN-7 production and cytotoxicity. In vivo OVA-Texo-stimulated CTLs upregulated the activities of the mTORC1 pathway-related molecules Akt, S6, elF4E and T-bet, and treatment of the CTLs with an mTORC1 inhibitor, rapamycin, significantly reduced the OVA-Texo- induced increase in CTLs. Interestingly, OVA-Texo-mediated CD40L signaling played a critical role in the observed immunological effects. Importantly, the Gag-Texo vaccine induced Gag-specific therapeutic immunity in chronic infection. Therefore, this study should have a serious impact on the development of new therapeutic vaccines for human immunodeficiency virus （HIV-1） infection.

关键词： anti-CD40 Ab CD40L signaling chronic infection CTL exhaustion HIV Gag mTORC1 pathway T-cellanergy therapeutic T-cell vaccine

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Constructing an unbalanced structure toward high working voltage for improving energy density of non-aqueous carbon-based electrochemical capacitors

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第3期31卷 903-908页

作者： Junsheng Zheng Nan Qin Liming Jin Xin Guo Chao Shen Qiang wu jim PZheng Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center Tongji University(Jiading Campus)Shanghai 201804China School of Automotive Studies Tongji University(Jiading Campus)Shanghai 201804China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida A&M University-Florida State University College of EngineeringFL 32304United States

The energy density of non-aqueous carbon-based electrochemical capacitors(cEC)is mainly determined by the specific capacitance and operational voltage *** this study,we propose to construct an unbalanced structure to make full use of stable voltage range for improving energy *** stable voltage range is firstly carefully explored using cyclic *** an unbalanced carbon-based electrochemical capacitor(ucEC)is constructed with an optimized positive electrode to negative electrode weight ratio and voltage *** electrochemical performance is comprehensively investigated,including energy density,power density as well as cycle *** ucEC is capable to deliver an improved energy density up to 64.9 wh/kg(1.4 times as high as a general cEC)without sacrificing the power density and cycle *** electrode properties after cycling are also analyzed,illustrating the change of electrode potential caused by unbalanced *** proposed structure demonstrates a great potential for improving the energy density at little cost of electrode design and cell configuration.

关键词： Unbalanced electrochemical capacitor Non-aqueous electrolyte High working voltage Practical application High energy density

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Digital thermal monitoring of the Amazon forest:an intercomparison of satellite and reanalysis products

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第5期9卷 477-498页

作者： Juan C.jiménez-Muñoz Cristian Mattar José A.Sobrino Yadvinder Malhi Global Change Unit Image Processing LaboratoryUniversity of ValenciaPaternaSpain Laboratory for Analysis of the Biosphere Department of Environmental Sciences and Renewable Natural ResourcesUniversity of ChileLa PintanaChile School of Geography and Environment Environmental Change InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK

Remote sensing and climate digital products have become increasingly available in recent *** to these products has favored a variety of Digital Earth studies,such as the analysis of the impact of global warming over different *** study of the Amazon forest response to drought has recently received particular attention from the scientific community due to the occurrence of extreme droughts and anomalous warming over the last *** paper focuses on the differences observed between surface thermal anomalies obtained from remote sensing moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)and climatic(ERA-Interim)monthly products over the Amazon *** a few exceptions,results show that the spatial pattern of standardized anomalies is similar for both *** terms of absolute anomalies,the differences between the two products show a bias near to zero with a standard deviation of around 0.2 k,although the differences can be up to 1 k over particular regions and *** this general agreement,the proper filtering of MODIS daily values in order to construct a new monthly product showed a dramatic reduction in the number of reliable pixels during the rainy season,while for the dry season this reduction is only seen in Northern Amazonia.

关键词： Thermal anomalies Amazon forest MODIS ERA interim thermal Amazonia

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