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Exposure to ephedrine attenuates Th1/Th2 imbalance underlying OVA-induced asthma through airway epithelial cell-derived exo-somal lnc-TRPM2-AS

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第6期22卷 530-540页

作者： HU Yan WANG Mengqing XIE Jing jiao Luojia DING yi LUO yinhe Department of Pediatrics The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410007China Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208China Department of Rehabilitation Medical CollegeChangsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical CollegeChangsha 410004Hunan ProvinceChina Teaching and Research Office of Chinese and Western Combination Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208China

Although various anti-inflammatory medications,such as ephedrine,are employed to manage cough-variant asthma,their underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully understood.Recent studies suggest that exosomes derived from airway epithelial cells(AECs)contain components like messenger RNAs(mRNAs),micro-RNAs(miRNAs),and long noncoding RNA(lncRNA),which play roles in the occurrence and progression of airway inflammation.This study investigates the influence of AEC-derived exosomes on the efficacy of ephedrine in treating cough-variant asthma.We established a mouse model of asthma and measured airway resist-ance and serum inflammatory cell levels.Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),Western blotting,and enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay(ELISA)analyses were used to assess gene and protein expression levels.Exosomes were isolated and character-ized.RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP)and RNA pull-down assays were conducted to examine the interaction between hnRNPA2B1 and lnc-TRPM2-AS1.In the ovalbumin(OVA)-challenged mouse model,ephedrine treatment reduced inflammatory responses,air-way resistance,and Th1/Th2 cell imbalance.Exosomes from OVA-treated AECs showed elevated levels of lnc-TRPM2-AS1,which were diminished following ephedrine treatment.The exosomal lnc-TRPM2-AS1 mediated the Th1/Th2 imbalance in CD4^(+)T cells,with its packaging into exosomes being facilitated by hnRNPA2B1.This study unveils a novel mechanism by which ephedrine ameli-orates OVA-induced CD4^(+)T cell imbalance by suppressing AEC-derived exosomal lnc-TRPM2-AS1.These findings could provide a theoretical framework for using ephedrine in asthma treatment.

关键词： Asthma Ephedrine Exosomal lnc-TRPM2-AS1 Th1/Th2 imbalance HnRNPA2B1 Airway epithelial cells

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Three-dimensional numerical manifold method for heat conduction problems with a simplex integral on the boundary

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1007-1022页

作者： TONG DeFu yi XiongWei TAN Fei jiao YuYong LIANG JiaWei Faculty of Engineering China University of GeoscienceWuhan 430074China Department of Civil Engineering Monash UniversityMelbourne VIC 3800Australia Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeoscienceWuhan 430074China

The three-dimensional numerical manifold method(3D-NMM),which is based on the derivation of Galerkin's variation,is a powerful calculation tool that uses two cover systems.The 3D-NMM can be used to handle continue-discontinue problems and extend to THM coupling.In this study,we extended the 3D-NMM to simulate both steady-state and transient heat conduction problems.The modelling was carried out using the raster methods(RSM).For the system equation,a variational method was employed to drive the discrete equations,and the crucial boundary conditions were solved using the penalty method.To solve the boundary integral problem,the face integral of scalar fields and two-dimensional simplex integration were used to accurately describe the integral on polygonal boundaries.Several numerical examples were used to verify the results of 3D steady-state and transient heat-conduction problems.The numerical results indicated that the 3D-NMM is effective for handling 3D both steadystate and transient heat conduction problems with high solution accuracy.

关键词： three-dimensional numerical manifold method transient analysis heat conduction problem Galerkin variation simplex integration

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Insight study of rare earth elements in PM_(2.5)during five years in a Chinese inland city:Composition

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 439-449页

作者： yi-Wen Shen Chang-Xian Zhao Hao Zhao Shuo-Fei Dong Qi Guo jiao-jiao Xie Mei-Ling Lv Chun-Gang Yuan Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department ofEnvironmental Science&EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071000China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Agilent Technologies Co.Ltd.(China) Beijing 100102China

The booming development of rare earth industry and the extensive utilization of its products accompanied by urban development have led to the accelerated accumulation of rare earth elements(REEs)as emerging pollutants in atmospheric environment.In this study,the variation of REEs in PM_(2.5)with urban(a non-mining city)transformation was investigated through five consecutive years of sample collection.The compositional variability and provenance contribution of REEs in PM_(2.5)were characterized,and the REEs exposure risks of children and adults via inhalation,ingestion and dermal absorption were also evaluated.The results showed an increase in the total REEs concentration from 46.46±35.16 mg/kg(2017)to 81.22±38.98 mg/kg(2021)over the five-year period,with Ce and La making the largest contribution.The actual increment of industrial and traffic emission source among the three pollution sources was 1.34 ng/m^(3).Coal combustion source displayed a downward trend.Ingestion was the main exposure pathway for REEs in PM_(2.5)for both children and adults.Ce contributed the most to the total intake of REEs in PM_(2.5)among the population,followed by La and Nd.The exposure risks of REEs in PM_(2.5)in the region were relatively low,but the trend of change was of great concern.It was strongly recommended to strengthen the concern about traffic-related non-exhaust emissions of particulate matter.

关键词： Rare earth elements Exposure risks Pollution sources Traffic-related non-exhaust emissions

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High patatin like phospholipase domain containing 8 expression as a biomarker for poor prognosis of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 787-797页

作者： Peng-Yang Zhou De-Xiang Zhu yi-jiao Chen Qing-Yang Feng yi-Hao Mao Ao-Bo Zhuang Jian-Min Xu Department of General Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

BACKGROUND Patatin like phospholipase domain containing 8(PNPLA8)has been shown to play a significant role in various cancer entities.Previous studies have focused on its roles as an antioxidant and in lipid peroxidation.However,the role of PNPLA8 in colorectal cancer(CRC)progression is unclear.AIM To explore the prognostic effects of PNPLA8 expression in CRC.METHODS A retrospective cohort containing 751 consecutive CRC patients was enrolled.PNPLA8 expression in tumor samples was evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining and semi-quantitated with immunoreactive scores.CRC patients were divided into high and low PNPLA8 expression groups based on the cut-off va-lues,which were calculated by X-tile software.The prognostic value of PNPLA8 was identified using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis.The over-all survival(OS)rates of CRC patients in the study cohort were compared with Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-rank test.RESULTS PNPLA8 expression was significantly associated with distant metastases in our cohort(P=0.048).CRC patients with high PNPLA8 expression indicated poor OS(median OS=35.3,P=0.005).CRC patients with a higher PNPLA8 expression at either stage I and II or stage III and IV had statistically significant shorter OS.For patients with left-sided colon and rectal cancer,the survival curves of two PN-PLA8-expression groups showed statistically significant differences.Multivariate analysis also confirmed that high PNPLA8 expression was an independent prog-nostic factor for overall survival(hazard ratio HR=1.328,95%CI:1.016-1.734,P=0.038).

关键词： Biomarker Colorectal cancer Expression level Overall survival Patatin like phospholipase domain containing 8 Prognosis

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Aero-Hydro-Elastic-Servo Modeling and Dynamic Response Analysis of A Monopile Offshore Wind Turbine Under Different Operating Scenarios

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第3期38卷 379-393页

作者： XIE Shuang-yi GAO Jian LI Yong-ran JIANG Shu-xin ZHANG Cheng-lin HE jiao College of Mechanical Engineering Chongqing University of TechnologyChongqing 400044China Beijing Institute of Precision Mechatronics and Controls Beijing 100076China College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesShanghai 200092China School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Chongqing University of Science&TechnologyChongqing 401331China

This paper constructs a coupled aero-hydro-elastic-servo simulation framework for a monopile offshore wind turbine(OWT).In this framework,a detailed multi-body dynamics model of the monopile OWT including the gearbox,blades,tower and other components(nacelle,hub,bedplate,etc.)has been explicitly established.The effects of pile−soil interaction,controller and operational conditions on the turbine dynamic responses are studied systematically in time domain and frequency domain.The results show that(1)a comprehensive drivetrain model has the capability to provide a more precise representation of the complex dynamic characteristics exhibited by drivetrain components,which can be used as the basis for further study on the dynamic characteristics of the drivetrain.(2)The pile−soil interaction can influence the wind turbine dynamic responses,particularly under the parked condition.(3)The effect of the pile−soil interaction on tower responses is more significant than that on blade responses.(4)The use of the controller can substantially affect the rotor characteristics,which in turn influences the turbine dynamic responses.(5)The tower and blade displacements under the operational condition are much larger than those under the parked condition.The model and methodology presented in this study demonstrate potential for examining complex dynamic behaviors of the monopile OWTs.To ensure accuracy and precision,it is imperative to construct a detailed model of the wind turbine system,while also taking into account simulation efficiency.

关键词： offshore wind turbine(OWT) pile−soil interaction dynamic response parked condition operating condition

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Effect of slow shot speed on externally solidified crystal,porosity and tensile property in a newly developed high-pressure die-cast Al-Si alloy

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 11-19页

作者： Wen-ning Liu Wei Zhang Peng-yue Wang yi-xian Liu Xiang-yi jiao Ao-xiang Wan Cheng-gang Wang Guo-dong Tong Shou-mei Xiong School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084Beijing China FAW Group Co. Ltd.Changchun 130013China China FAW Foundry Co. Ltd.Changchun 130013China

The effect of slow shot speed on externally solidified crystal(ESC),porosity and tensile property in a newly developed high-pressure die-cast Al-Si alloy was investigated by optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and laboratory computed tomography(CT).Results showed that the newly developed AlSi9MnMoV alloy exhibited improved mechanical properties when compared to the AlSi10MnMg alloy.The AlSi9MnMoV alloy,which was designed with trace multicomponent additions,displays a notable grain refining effect in comparison to the AlSi10MnMg alloy.Refining elements Ti,Zr,V,Nb,B promote heterogeneous nucleation and reduce the grain size of primaryα-Al.At a lower slow shot speed,the large ESCs are easier to form and gather,developing into the dendrite net and net-shrinkage.With an increase in slow shot speed,the size and number of ESCs and porosities significantly reduce.In addition,the distribution of ESCs is more dispersed and the net-shrinkage disappears.The tensile property is greatly improved by adopting a higher slow shot speed.The ultimate tensile strength is enhanced from 260.31 MPa to 290.31 MPa(increased by 11.52%),and the elongation is enhanced from 3.72%to 6.34%(increased by 70.52%).

关键词： hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy high pressure die casting porosity externally solidified crystal tensile property

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Experimental observation of the significant difference between surface and bulk Kondo processes in Kondo lattice YbCu_(2)Si_(2)

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 154-160页

作者： yin-Zou Zhao jiao-jiao Song Qi-yi Wu Hao Liu Chen Zhang Bo Chen Hong-yi Zhang Zhen-Hua Chen Yao-Bo Huang Xue-Qing Ye Ya-Hua Yuan Yu-Xia Duan Jun He Jian-Qiao Meng School of Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China

Synchrotron-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy was employed to investigate the temperature evolution of the Yb 4 f spectral for surface and bulk in the Kondo lattice YbCu_(2)Si_(2).Our study quantitatively distinguishes between the surface and bulk hybridization processes,revealing that the onset temperatures for both surface and bulk hybridization processes are significantly higher than the Kondo temperature.Additionally,we found that the effective surface Kondo temperature is much lower than that of the bulk.These findings offer valuable insights into the understanding of heavy fermion physics.

关键词： Kondo lattice angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy electronic structure hybridization surface state

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Single-incision laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair in the treatment of adult female patients with inguinal hernia

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第1期16卷 49-58页

作者： Xiao-Jun Zhu Jing-yi jiao Hui-Min Xue Peng Chen Chang-Fu Qin Peng Wang Department of General Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226001Jiangsu ProvinceChina Medical School Nantong UniversityNantong 226001Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery Peking University People's HospitalBeijing 100044China

BACKGROUND Women have a 3%lifetime chance of developing an inguinal hernia,which is not as common in men.Due to its cosmetic benefits,single-incision laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal(SIL-TAPP)inguinal hernia repair is becoming in-creasingly popular in the management of inguinal hernia in women.However,there are no studies comparing the safety and applicability of SIL-TAPP repair with conventional laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal(CL-TAPP)inguinal hernia repair for the treatment of inguinal hernia in women.AIM To compare the outcomes of SIL-TAPP and CL-TAPP repair in adult female patients with inguinal hernia and to estimate the safety and applicability of SIL-TAPP repair in adult female inguinal hernia patients.METHODS We retrospectively compared the clinical information and follow-up data of fe-male inguinal hernia patients who underwent SIL-TAPP inguinal hernia repair and those who underwent CL-TAPP inguinal hernia repair at the Affiliated Hos-pital of Nantong University from February 2018 to December 2020 and assessed the long-term and short-term outcomes of both cohorts.RESULTS This study included 123 patients,with 71 undergoing SIL-TAPP repair and 52 un-dergoing CL-TAPP repair.The two cohorts of patients and inguinal hernia charac-teristics were similar,with no statistically meaningful difference.The rate of intraoperative inferior epigastric vessel injury was lower in patients in the SIL-TAPP cohort(0,0%)than in patients in the CL-TAPP cohort(4,7.7%)and was significantly different(P<0.05).In addition,the median[interquartile range(IQR)]total hospitalization costs were significantly lower in patients in the SIL-TAPP cohort[$3287(3218-3325)]than in patients in the CL-TAPP cohort[$3511(3491-3599)].Postoperatively,the occurrence rate of trocar site hernia was lower in the SIL-TAPP cohort(0,0%)than in the CL-TAPP cohort(4,7.7%),and the median(IQR)cosmetic score was significantly higher in the SIL-TAPP cohort[10(10-10)]than in the CL-TAPP cohort[9(9-10)].CONCLUSION SIL-TAPP repair did not increas

关键词： Single-incision Groin hernia Female Inguinal hernia Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair

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Exploring the vital role of microglial membrane receptors in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis: a comprehensive review

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BIOCELL 2024年第7期48卷 1011-1022页

作者： JUN-FENG ZHAO yi-RAN JIANG TIAN-LIN GUO YONG-QING jiao XUN WANG Department of Neurointervention Center Dalian No.3 People’s HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina Department of Clinical Medicine China Medical UniversityShenyangChina

Neurodegenerative diseases constitute a broad category of diseases caused by the degeneration of the neurons.They are mainly manifested by the gradual loss of neuron structure and function and eventually can cause death or loss of neurons.As the global population ages rapidly,increased people are being diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases.It has been established that the onset of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is closely linked with increasing age and its major pathological features include amyloid-beta plaques(Aβ),Tau hyperphosphorylation,Neuroﬁbrillary tangles(NFTs),neuronal death as well as synaptic loss.The involvement of microglia is crucial in the pathogenesis and progression of AD and exhibits a dual role.For instance,in the early stage of AD,microglia surface membrane proteins or receptors can participate in immunophagocytosis,and anti-inﬂammatory functions and act as a physical barrier after recognizing various ligands such as Aβand NFTs.However,in the later stage of the disease,membrane receptors on the surface of microglia can cause its activation to release a substantial quantity of pro-inﬂammatory factors.Which can amplify the neuroinﬂammatory response.The rapid decline of normal immune phagocytosis can result in the continuous accumulation of abnormal proteins,leading to neuronal dysfunction and destruction of the formed physical barrier as well as the neurovascular microenvironment.It can also increase the transformation of microglia from anti-inﬂammatory phenotype M2 to pro-inﬂammatory phenotype M1,induce severe neuronal injury or apoptosis,and aggravate the progression of AD.Due to few articles have focused on the AD-related membrane protein receptors on microglia,thus in this paper,we have reviewed several representative microglial membrane proteins or receptors about their speciﬁc roles and functions implicated in AD,and expect that there will be more in-depth research and scientiﬁc research results in the treatment of AD by targeted regulation of microglia membrane protein receptors in the future

关键词： Neurodegeneration Glial cell Receptor Alzheimer’s disease

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Tongxinluo Activates PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway to Inhibit Endothelial Mesenchymal Transition and Attenuate Myocardial Fibrosis after Ischemia-Reperfusion in Mice

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第7期30卷 608-615页

作者： WEI Ya-ru HOU Yun-long yiN Yu-jie LI Zhen LIU yi HAN Ning-xin WANG Zi-xuan LIU Lu WANG Xiao-qi HAO Yuan-jie MA Kun GU jiao-jiao JIA Zhen-hua Graduate School Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang yiling Pharmaceutical New Drug Evaluation Center Hebei Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory Department of Cardiology Hebei Yiling Hospital Graduate School Hebei Medical University

Objective: To investigate the potential role of Tongxinluo(TXL) in attenuating myocardial fibrosis after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI) in mice. Methods: A MIRI mouse model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation for 45 min. According to a random number table, 66 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=11 per group): the sham group, the model group, the LY-294002 group, the TXL group, the TXL+LY-294002 group and the benazepril(BNPL) group. The day after modeling, TXL and BNPL were administered by gavage. Intraperitoneal injection of LY-294002 was performed twice a week for 4 consecutive weeks. Echocardiography was used to measure cardiac function in mice. Masson staining was used to evaluate the degree of myocardial fibrosis in mice. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of endothelial mesenchymal transition(EndMT) after MIRI was performed by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry, respectively. The protein expressions of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1(CD31), α-smoth muscle actin(α-SMA), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K) and phospho protein kinase B(p-AKT) were assessed using Western blot. Results: TXL improved cardiac function in MIRI mice, reduced the degree of myocardial fibrosis, increased the expression of CD31 and inhibited the expression of α-SMA, thus inhibited the occurrence of EndMT(P0.05). In addition, the use of the PI3K/AKT pathway-specific inhibitor LY-294002 to block this pathway and combination with TXL intervention, eliminated the protective effect of TXL, further supporting the protective effect of TXL. Conclusion: TXL activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to inhibit EndMT and attenuated myocardial fibrosis after MIRI in mice.

关键词： myocardial fibrosis endothelial mesenchymal transition myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway

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