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Continuous applications of biochar to rice: Effects on grain yield and yield attributes

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第3期18卷 563-570页

作者： HUANG Min FAN Long jiang li-geng YANG Shu-ying ZOU Ying-bin Norman Uphoff Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops(CICGO) Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128P.R.China International Programs-College of Agriculture and life Sciences(IP-CALS) Cornell UniversityIthaca 14853USA Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004P.R.China

Biochar is considered as a beneficial soil amendment for crop production. However, limited information is available on the effects of continuous applications of biochar on rice. In this study, a fixed field experiment was conducted in the early and late rice-growing seasons from 2015 to 2017. Grain yield and yield attributes with a widely-grown rice cultivar Zhongzao 39 were compared, with and without applications of biochar in each season. The results showed that grain yield initially decreased with biochar applications in the first three seasons due to decreases in grain weight and harvest index. Although there were further relative decreases in grain weight and harvest index for rice that was supplied with biochar in the fourth to sixth seasons, grain yield was increased(by 4–10%) because of increases in sink size(spikelets per m2) and total biomass. The increased sink size in rice whose soil had been supplied with biochar in the fourth to sixth seasons was achieved by increasing panicle size(spikelets per panicle) or number of panicles, or both. Our study suggests that the positive effects of biochar application on rice yield and yield attributes depend on the duration of biochar application. Further investigations are needed to determine what are the soil and physiological processes for producing yield responses associated with ongoing applications of biochar. Also, it should be evaluated the performance of biochar application combined with other management practices, especially those can increase the grain weight and harvest index in rice production.

关键词： biochar grain yield rice yield attributes

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Autologous transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells improved heart function after myocardial infarction

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第7期25卷 30-40页

作者： Guo-sheng liN1, Jing-jun Lü, Xue-jun jiang, Xiao-yan li, geng-shan li Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospitalof Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China Department of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan 430060 Chin

AIM: To investigate whether autologous transplantation of adult stem cells could improve post-infarcted heart function. METHODS: Bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from adult rabbits’ tibias after coronary ligation. These cells were exposed to 5-azacytidine 10 μmol/L for 24 h on the third day of culture. After being labeled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), the cells were auto-transplanted into bordering zone of the infarcted area at 2 weeks after injury. The animals were killed at 3 days, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 2 months after transplantation, respectively. The left ventricular functions, capillary density, and cardiac nerve density were measured and the differentiation of the engrafted cells was determined by immunostaining. RESULTS: BrdU-labeled MNCs were well aligned with the host cardiomyocytes. Parts of them were incorporated into capillary and arteriolar vessel walls. In addition to inducing angiogenic ligands (basic fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor) and imflammation cytokines (interleukin 1-β) during the early period of MNCs implantation, MNCs induced 2.0-fold increase in capillary density as well. Moreover, GAP43-positive and TH-positive nerve density were markedly higher in the MNCs-treated groups than that in the non-treated hearts. Left ventricular ejection fraction, LV+dp/dtmax, and LV-dp/dtmax were 47 %, 67 %, and 55 % in MNCs-treated heart respectively, which was higher than that of the control heart, whereas left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure were 45 %, 22 %, and 50 % respectively in MNCs-treated heart, which was lower than that of the control heart at 2 months after cell transplantation. CONCLUSION: Autologous transplantation of MNCs induced angiogenesis and nerve sprouting and improved left ventricular diastolic function.

关键词： autologous transplantation bone marrow cells stem cell left ventricular function angiogenesis nerve regeneration myocardial infarction

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Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 71-78页

作者： Song He li li Sai Wang Shao-jiang Wang Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin University School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition, yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT) left undetermined. At specific baryon chemical potential, the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon asymmetry. It, therefore, provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs) within the standard model of particle physics. If these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA) observations, the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained, and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

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广西水稻产业规模比较优势及其空间格局特征研究

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南方农业学报 2017年第2期48卷 368-374页

作者：李桃江立庚广西大学农学院.南宁530004

【目的】研究广西各地的水稻规模比较优势指数及其空间特征,为水稻生产与产业规划提供参考。【方法】以广西14个地级市为研究单元,利用规模比较优势指数模型测度其水稻规模比较优势指数,然后采用探索性空间数据分析方法(ESDA)对其空间... 详细信息

【目的】研究广西各地的水稻规模比较优势指数及其空间特征,为水稻生产与产业规划提供参考。【方法】以广西14个地级市为研究单元,利用规模比较优势指数模型测度其水稻规模比较优势指数,然后采用探索性空间数据分析方法(ESDA)对其空间格局特征进行分析。【结果】整体上,广西平均水稻规模比较优势指数在波动中呈下降趋势;在空间分布上,广西水稻规模比较优势指数大致呈从东南往西北方向递减的特征,并表现出明显的高高聚集和低低聚集特征。【建议】加强政府宏观领导,突出地区农业发展比较优势;强化桂东南地区水稻主导产业,提高空间溢出效益;促进资源优势互补,加快产业空间集聚;加快特色农产品品牌培育,提高产业分工效益。

关键词：水稻产业产业规模比较优势空间格局广西

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Pharmacokinetic difference between S-(+)- and R-(-)-etodolac in rats

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第8期 22-25页

作者： Jing-min SHI, Shun-guo LAI, Chang-jiang XU, geng-li DUAN, Duan liDepartment of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, ChinaNow in Shanghai Institute for Drug Control.

AIM: To study whether etodolac enantiomers have pharmacokinetic difference after oral administration. METHODS: Fourteen rats, divided into two groups randomly, were orally given S-(+)- or R-(-)-etodolac at a single dose of 20 mg/kg, respectively. Blood samples were collected before and at 5, 10, 20, 30 min and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h after treatment. The plasma samples were analyzed with a high-performance liquid chromatographic method. RESULTS: The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.5-50.0 mg/L (r=0.9999) to S-(+)-etodolac and 2.0-200.0 mg/L (r=0.9999) to R-(-)-etodolac, respectively. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of S-(+)- and R-(-)-etodolac were as follows: t1/2(λz)18±4 h vs 19.4±2.2 h, tmax 3.3±2.6 h vs 4±4 h; Cmax 29±6 mg/L vs97±14 mg/L, AUC0-t 706±100 h·mg·L-1 vs 2940±400 h·mg·L-1, CL(s) 0.030±0.006 L·kg-1·h-1 vs 0.0065±0.0010 L·kg-1·h-1 and V/F 0.25±0.22 L·kg-1 vs 0.03±0.05 L·kg-1. There was no significant difference in t1/2(λz) and tmax between S-(+)-

关键词： etodolac non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents pharmacokinetics stereoisomerism

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Ultra‑High Sensitivity Anisotropic Piezoelectric Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring and Robotic Perception

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 432-446页

作者： Hao Yin Yanting li Zhiying Tian Qichao li Chenhui jiang Enfu liang Yiping Guo State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China Beijing Vacuum Electronics Research Institute Beijing 100015People’s Republic of China Fundamental Science On Vibration Shock and Noise LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and VibrationSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Monitoring minuscule mechanical signals,both in magnitude and direction,is imperative in many application scenarios,e.g.,structural health monitoring and robotic sensing ***,the piezoelectric sensor struggles to satisfy the requirements for directional recognition due to the limited piezoelectric coefficient matrix,and achieving sensitivity for detecting micrometer-scale deformations is also ***,we develop a vector sensor composed of lead zirconate titanate-electronic grade glass fiber composite filaments with oriented arrangement,capable of detecting minute anisotropic *** as-prepared vector sensor can identify the deformation directions even when subjected to an unprecedented nominal strain of 0.06%,thereby enabling its utility in accurately discerning the 5μm-height wrinkles in thin films and in monitoring human pulse *** ultra-high sensitivity is attributed to the formation of porous ferroelectret and the efficient load transfer efficiency of continuous lead zirconate titanate ***,when integrated with machine learning techniques,the sensor’s capability to recognize multi-signals enables it to differentiate between 10 types of fine textures with 100%*** structural design in piezoelectric devices enables a more comprehensive perception of mechanical stimuli,offering a novel perspective for enhancing recognition accuracy.

关键词： Flexible piezoelectric filaments Anisotropic Ultra-high sensitivity Structural health detection Texture recognition

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Crystallization Modulation and Holistic Passivation Enables Efficient Two‑Terminal Perovskite/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)Tandem Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 205-215页

作者： Cong geng Kuanxiang Zhang Changhua Wang Chung Hsien Wu Jiwen jiang Fei Long liyuan Han Qifeng Han Yi‑Bing Cheng Yong Peng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070People’s Republic of China Triumph Photovoltaic Materials Co. Ltd.No.1001 Yannan AvenueHigh‑Tech Development DistrictBengbuAnhui 233000People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Two-terminal(2-T)perovskite(PVK)/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)tandem solar cells(TSCs)have been considered as an ideal tandem cell because of their best bandgap matching regarding to Shockley–Queisser(S–Q)***,the nature of the irregular rough morphology of commercial CIGS prevents people from improving tandem device *** this paper,D-homoserine lactone hydrochloride is proven to improve coverage of PVK materials on irregular rough CIGS surfaces and also passivate bulk defects by modulating the growth of PVK *** addition,the minority carriers near the PVK/C60 interface and the incompletely passivated trap states caused interface recombination.A surface reconstruction with 2-thiopheneethylammonium iodide and N,N-dimethylformamide assisted passivates the defect sites located at the surface and grain ***,liF is used to create this field effect,repelling hole carriers away from the PVK and C60 interface and thus reducing *** a result,a 2-T PVK/CIGS tandem yielded a power conversion efficiency of 24.6%(0.16 cm^(2)),one of the highest results for 2-T PVK/CIGS TSCs to our *** validation underscores the potential of our methodology in achieving superior performance in PVK/CIGS tandem solar cells.

关键词： PVK/CIGS TSCs Irregular rough surfaces Modulating the growth PVK/C60 interface recombination

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The gut-eye axis:from brain neurodegenerative diseases to age-related macular degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2741-2757页

作者： Qianzi Jin Suyu Wang Yujia Yao Qin jiang Keran li Department of Ophthalmology The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Age-related macular degeneration is a serious neurodegenerative disease of the retina that significantly impacts ***,the specific pathogenesis remains unclear,and effective early treatment options are consequently *** microbiome is defined as a large ecosystem of microorganisms living within and coexisting with a *** intestinal microbiome undergoes dynamic changes owing to age,diet,genetics,and other *** dysregulation of the intestinal flora can disrupt the microecological balance,resulting in immunological and metabolic dysfunction in the host,and affecting the development of many *** recent decades,significant evidence has indicated that the intestinal flora also influences systems outside of the digestive tract,including the ***,several studies have demonstrated the critical role of the gut-brain axis in the development of brain neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s ***,the role of the“gut-eye axis”has been confirmed to play a role in the pathogenesis of many ocular ***,age-related macular degeneration and many brain neurodegenerative diseases have been shown to share several risk factors and to exhibit comparable *** such,the intestinal flora may play an important role in age-related macular *** the above context,the present review aims to clarify the gut-brain and gut-eye connections,assess the effect of intestinal flora and metabolites on age-related macular degeneration,and identify potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic ***,direct research on the role of intestinal flora in age-related macular degeneration is still relatively limited,while studies focusing solely on intestinal flora are insufficient to fully elucidate its functional role in age-related macular ***-on-a-chip technology has shown promise in clarifying the gut-eye interactions,while integrating analysis of the inte

关键词： age-related macular degeneration biological agents blinding eye disease dietary nutrition fecal microbial transplantation gut-eye axis intestinal flora metabolite microecology neurodegenerative disease

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长效油菜素内酯TS303和二氢茉莉酸丙酯协同提高大豆光合能力

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植物研究 2008年第6期28卷 751-756页

作者：董登峰李杨瑞江立庚广西作物遗传改良和生物技术重点实验室南宁530007 广西大学农学院南宁530004

研究了长效油菜素内酯TS303、二氢茉莉酸丙酯(PDJ)及二者复配对大豆光合作用的影响及作用机理。试验结果表明:(1)0.01～1mg.L-1TS303浸种促进大豆干物质积累,以0.1mg.L-1的浓度效果最好,TS303对干物质在地上部和根之间的分配没有明显的... 详细信息

研究了长效油菜素内酯TS303、二氢茉莉酸丙酯(PDJ)及二者复配对大豆光合作用的影响及作用机理。试验结果表明:(1)0.01～1mg.L-1TS303浸种促进大豆干物质积累,以0.1mg.L-1的浓度效果最好,TS303对干物质在地上部和根之间的分配没有明显的影响,1～10mg.L-1PDJ浸种促进干物质积累,以5mg.L-1增幅最大,50和100mg.L-1则抑制干物质积累,1～100mg.L-1PDJ均促进同化物质向根系分配;(2)0.1mg.L-1TS303和5mg.L-1PDJ能增加大豆光合叶面积及净光合速率,增强光合能力,二者混合使用表现出协同效应;(3)0.1mg.L-1TS303和5mg.L-1PDJ及二者复配增加叶绿素含量和提高PSⅡ的实际光转化效率(ФPSⅡ),二者对ФPSⅡ的提高途径不同,TS303增加光合淬灭(qP)而对有效光转化效率(Fv′/Fm′)影响不大,PDJ增加Fv′/Fm′而对qP影响不大;(4)0.1mg.L-1TS303和5mg.L-1PDJ及二者复配增加大豆气孔导度、碳酸酐酶活性、RuBPCase含量和活性,增强CO2转运和固定能力;(5)0.1mg.L-1TS303和5mg.L-1PDJ及二者复配增加叶片中蔗糖的含量,提高蔗糖/淀粉比率,加快同化物质的转运,增加根中淀粉含量。总体上,TS303在光能转化和CO2固定方面效果好于PDJ,而PDJ促进同化物质运出效果好于TS303,这可能是二者协同提高大豆光合能力的原因。

关键词：长效油菜素内酯二氢茉莉酸丙酯大豆光合能力

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Wafer‑Scale Vertical 1D GaN Nanorods/2D MoS_(2)/PEDOT:PSS for Piezophototronic Effect‑Enhanced Self‑Powered Flexible Photodetectors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 102-116页

作者： Xin Tang Hongsheng jiang Zhengliang lin Xuan Wang Wenliang Wang Guoqiang li State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China Department of Electronic Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China

van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures constructed by lowdimensional(0D,1D,and 2D)materials are emerging as one of the most appealing systems in next-generation flexible ***,hand-stacked vdW-type photodetectors are not compatible with large-areaarray fabrication and show unimpressive performance in self-powered ***,vertical 1D GaN nanorods arrays(NRAs)/2D MoS_(2)/PEDOT:PSS in wafer scale have been proposed for self-powered flexible photodetectors arrays *** as-integrated device without external bias under weak UV illumination exhibits a competitive responsivity of 1.47 A W^(−1)and a high detectivity of 1.2×10^(11)Jones,as well as a fast response speed of 54/71μs,thanks to the strong light absorption of GaN NRAs and the efficient photogenerated carrier separation in type-II ***,the strain-tunable photodetection performances of device have been ***,the device at−0.78%strain and zero bias reveals a significantly enhanced photoresponse with a responsivity of 2.47 A W^(−1),a detectivity of 2.6×10^(11)Jones,and response times of 40/45μs,which are superior to the state-of-the-art self-powered flexible *** work presents a valuable avenue to prepare tunable vdWs heterostructures for self-powered flexible photodetection,which performs well in flexible sensors.

关键词： Vertical nanorod arrays van der Waals heterostructure Piezophototronic effect Self-powered photodetection Flexible sensors

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