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Eff ects of environmental factors on the temporal and spatial variations in branch and leaf CO_(2)effl ux of Larix gmelinii ***-rupprechtii Mayr

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第4期34卷 1007-1019页

作者： Longjie Li Xiangzhen Wang zhongkui jia Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education College of ForestryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China

The CO_(2)effl ux of branches and leaves plays an important role in ecosystem carbon *** a carbon fl ux system,the effl ux of Larix gmelinii ***(Dahurian larch)was investigated in 27 years(immature),31 years(near-mature),and 47 years(mature)stands at diurnal,seasonal,and spatial scales(direction and height)as well as its connection with environmental factors from May to October *** variation in effl ux was a single peak,and the maximum occurring between 14:00 and 16:*** variation also exhibited a single peak,with the maximum in late July and the minimum in early *** May to September,effl ux on the south side was the largest among the three stands,and mean values on the south side of 27 year-old,31 year-old,and 47 year-old trees were 0.50,0.97 and 1.05μmol·m^(–2)·s^(–1),*** minimum occurred on the north *** for the maximum in July and September in the 27 year-old stand in the middle of the canopy,the maximum effl ux in the upper canopy,and the means in the 27 year-old,31 year-old,and 47 year-old stands were 0.49,0.96 and 1.04μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),respectively;the minimum occurred in the lower *** and relative humidity infl uenced seasonal variations in effl *** variation in temperature sensitivity coeffi cient(Q 10)was opposite that of temperature,increasing with decreasing *** the spatial scale,maximum Q 10 occurred in the mid *** the effl ux and temperature data in diff erent locations,it is possible to better estimate effl ux variations in each stand.

关键词： CO_(2)effl ux Temperature sensitivity coeffi cient(Q 10) Temporal and spatial variations Environmental factors

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林龄与林分密度对油松建筑材材性的影响

中南林业科技大学学报 2024年第7期44卷 77-89页

作者：金劲豪阿布都拉·吾麦尔贾忠奎北京林业大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室北京100083 北京林业大学国家林业和草原局油松工程技术研究中心北京100083

【目的】探究油松建筑材林龄、密度及林龄密度交互效应对木材材性的影响及相关关系,为油松建筑材林精准培育提供理论参考和技术指导。【方法】选取河北省平泉市国有黄土梁子林场油松人工林为试验材料,开展3种林龄(中龄林(21~30 a)、近熟... 详细信息

【目的】探究油松建筑材林龄、密度及林龄密度交互效应对木材材性的影响及相关关系,为油松建筑材林精准培育提供理论参考和技术指导。【方法】选取河北省平泉市国有黄土梁子林场油松人工林为试验材料,开展3种林龄(中龄林(21~30 a)、近熟林(31~40 a)、成熟林(41~60 a))3种密度的交叉对比试验,分析不同林龄不同密度条件对油松建筑材材性的影响。【结果】1)低密度各林龄木材材性无显著差异。中密度下近熟林全干密度、基本密度分别为0.497、0.435 g/cm^(3),比中龄林大但无显著差异,比成熟林高15.58%、8.75%(P<0.05);冲击韧性、抗剪强度、顺纹抗压强度分别为56.268 kJ/m^(2)、9.136 MPa、45.671 MPa,比中龄林高37.02%、9.73%、19.00%(P<0.05),比成熟林高45.94%、13.75%、10.74%(P<0.05)。高密度下近熟林指标也显著优于中龄林和成熟林。2)中龄林低密度林分(900~1 350 株/hm^(2))气干密度、全干密度、基本密度分别为0.509、0.503、0.412 g/cm^(3),比中密度林分(1 350~1 800 株/hm^(2))大但无显著差异,比高密度林分(1 800~2 400 株/hm^(2))高11.14%、17.25%、9.57%(P<0.05);抗弯弹性模量、冲击韧性、抗剪强度分别为7 398.879 MPa、49.220 kJ/m^(2)、10.866 MPa,比中密度林分高10.45%、19.85%、30.51%(P<0.05),比高密度林分高27.81%、93.68%、21.87%(P<0.05)。近、成熟低密度林分和中密度林分指标显著优于高密度林分。3)林龄与密度交互效应对各干缩率、冲击韧性、抗剪强度、各硬度、顺纹抗压强度指标具有极显著影响(P<0.01),弦向-横纹抗压强度具有显著影响(P<0.05)。4)中、高密度下的中龄林木材综合强度低于110 MPa,属于低强度木材,其余各密度下的中、近、成熟林木材综合强度均处于111~170 MPa之间,属于中强度木材。各密度下的中、近、成熟林强度品质系数均大于215.6 MPa,属于高等级材。与主要建筑用材树种相比,油松属于中等强度之列(Ⅱ级)。5)相关性分析发现油松建筑材气干密度对抗弯弹性模量(r=0.80)与冲击韧性(r=0.83)影响最大,为显著正相关性。【结论】油松的物理力学性质随着林龄的增加先增大后减小,随着密度的增大而减小,且林龄密度对干缩率、冲击韧性、硬度等指标存在交互效应,培育建筑用材林需综合考虑林龄和密度影响因素,油松属于中强度、高等级材,与红松、云杉等主要建筑用材树种相比属于中等强度之列(Ⅱ级),可以作为建筑用材进行加工利用。

关键词：油松建筑材林分密度材性分级

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油松主要分布区林分碳储量特征与固碳潜力

东北林业大学学报 2024年第6期52卷 85-91页

作者：李畅任云卯刘嘉幸熊双江贾忠奎国家林业和草原局“油松工程技术研究中心”(北京林业大学) 北京100083 北京市西山试验林场管理处林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室(北京林业大学)

根据北京市、河北省、辽宁省、陕西省、内蒙古自治区的油松(Pinus tabuliformis)资源二类调查数据,使用材积源生物量法结合油松含碳率计算中国油松主要分布区油松林碳储量与碳密度,分析不同地区、龄组、林种、起源的油松林碳储量分布特... 详细信息

根据北京市、河北省、辽宁省、陕西省、内蒙古自治区的油松(Pinus tabuliformis)资源二类调查数据,使用材积源生物量法结合油松含碳率计算中国油松主要分布区油松林碳储量与碳密度,分析不同地区、龄组、林种、起源的油松林碳储量分布特征与固碳潜力。结果表明:油松5个主要分布区的油松林总面积为243.09万hm^(2)、总蓄积为11175.75万m^(3)、总碳储量为5043.38万t,平均碳密度为20.75 t·hm^(-2)。油松天然林碳储量为1660.14万t,碳密度为25.77 t·hm^(-2)。油松人工林碳储量为3383.24万t,碳密度为18.94 t·hm^(-2)。油松人工林碳储量高于天然林,占全部碳储量的67.08%。不同龄组中,碳储量最大是油松中龄林,为2032.38万t,占全部碳储量的40.30%;碳储量最小的为过熟林,占全部碳储量的2.32%。油松各龄组平均碳密度随林龄的增加而增加。不同林种中,碳储量来源主要为防护林及用材林,共为4360.45万t,占全部碳储量的86.46%。5处主要分布区的油松林固碳潜力为5285.63万t,相当于现有油松碳储量的1.88倍,其中,中幼龄林固碳潜力为4904.46万t,是油松林固碳潜力所在。油松林具有明显的固碳增汇能力,其人工林为油松碳库的主体,中幼龄油松林具有巨大的固碳潜力,需加强油松人工中幼龄林的抚育及管理。

关键词：油松碳储量碳密度固碳潜力森林生物量

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林龄和造林密度对塞罕坝华北落叶松纸浆林材性影响效应

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中南林业科技大学学报 2024年第3期44卷 75-89页

作者：于嘉俐李帆崔靖亭李岩王利东贾忠奎北京林业大学林学院北京100083 北京林业大学国家林草局油松工程技术研究中心北京100083 河北省塞罕坝机械林场河北围场068466

【目的】探究林龄和造林密度对华北落叶松纸浆林材性的影响,为塞罕坝地区定向培育华北落叶松纸浆人工林提供理论和实践依据。【方法】以3种林龄(15、20、25 a)、3种造林密度(低密度2500株·hm^(-2)、中密度3300株·hm^(-2)、高密度4400... 详细信息

【目的】探究林龄和造林密度对华北落叶松纸浆林材性的影响,为塞罕坝地区定向培育华北落叶松纸浆人工林提供理论和实践依据。【方法】以3种林龄(15、20、25 a)、3种造林密度(低密度2500株·hm^(-2)、中密度3300株·hm^(-2)、高密度4400株·hm^(-2))的华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,采用双因素完全随机区组法研究造林密度对于林木材性的影响。【结果】1)木材基本密度仅在高密度水平下20 a(0.439 g·cm^(-3))和25 a(0.387 g·cm^(-3))林分间差异显著(P<0.05),而不同林龄水平下造林密度对其无显著影响。2)晚材率在高密度时,随着林龄的增加先显著增大后显著减小(P<0.05),与木材基本密度的变化规律相似;15 a时,低密度(19%)林分显著小于其他两个林分(P<0.05)。3)年轮宽度在15和20 a时,随着造林密度的增大显著减小,且峰值及其出现峰值的轮龄逐渐变小;而在25 a不同造林密度间无明显差异,且峰值(5.9、6.1、6.2 mm)及其出现的轮龄(7、6、8 a)都相近,认为林分可能由25 a进入生长稳定期。4)年轮宽度在不同密度水平下,随着林龄的增长,林木形成层分蘖活动逐渐减弱,细胞间间隙变小,木材材质更加致密,不断变小。5)当林龄和造林密度较小时,林木生长速度较快,纤维细胞在横向和纵向方向上迅速且均匀生长、细胞壁较厚,纤维长宽比小、壁腔比大;待林龄和林分密度逐渐增大,纤维细胞横向生长减缓、细胞壁逐渐变薄,纤维长宽比增大(56.40~77.15)、壁腔比变小(0.48~0.25)、综纤维素含量不断减小(73.18%~53.09%),说明此时纤维细胞已经充分伸长。6)酸不溶木素含量在各林分间浮动范围不大(20.98%~29.74%),随着林龄的增长略有增高。1%NaOH抽出物、苯醇抽出物和灰分含量在林龄和造林密度水平上都无明显一致的变化规律。7)单位公顷纸浆产量在各林龄水平下仅在15 a不同造林密度间差异显著,且随着造林密度的增加都呈现出上升的趋势,所有林分中含量最高的为15 a高密度林分(68.47 t·hm^(-2))。低、中密度水平下的林分,林龄越大单位公顷纸浆产量显著增大,而高密度林分在不同林龄间差异不显著。【结论】根据主成分分析法和综合排名初步认为,15 a林分的2500株·hm^(-2)材性最好,可作为塞罕坝地区纸浆材定向培育的选择方向。

关键词：华北落叶松纸浆林造林密度材性林龄

Interactive effects of irrigation and exponential fertilization on nutritional characteristics in Populus 3 euramericana cv. ‘74/76' cuttings in an open-air nursery in Beijing, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第3期27卷 569-582页

作者： Zi Wang Luyi Ma zhongkui jia Hongxu Wei Jie Duan College of Forestry Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003 Henan China National Energy R&D Center for Non-Food Biomass Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130102 China

Nutritional characteristics determine tree stock quality to a considerable extent. Exponential fertilization can induce nutrient reserves within juvenile trees, but its validity on poplar is contingent on interaction with a scientific irrigation regime due to limited water resources under global warming. In the present study, we raised 3200 Populus 9 euramericana cv. ＇74/76＇ cuttings under four irrigation regimes of 0（I0）, 60 %（I60）, 80 %（I80）, and100 %（I100） of field capacity for soil moisture content with or without（control） the employment of nitrogen（N） addition delivered as exponential fertilization at the rate of 8 g N cutting^（-1）（E8） in an open-air nursery in Beijing, China. Both height and diameter increased with the increment of soil moisture ratio or in response to exponential fertilization（EF） without any interactive effects. In general, concentrations of N, phosphorus（P）,and potassium（K） declined with time in stem but foliar N concentration did not change. Under the I100 regime, EF increased foliar N concentration relative to the control but failed to affect N concentration in stem in September, when both N concentration and N content were increased by EF under the I80 regime. Stem-K content and concentration by EF under the I80 regime also increased in September,therefore EF-treated cuttings had a higher ratio of K content in stem to that in whole plant（%ANAR）. Vector diagnosis for nutritional status indicated that EF resulted in dilution of K concentration but induced a steady-state P uptake in leaves under all irrigation regimes. Therefore, EF of N addition could promote N uptake to leaves of P. 9 euramericana cv. ＇74/76＇ cuttings, but it had a null effect on N and P reserves in stem and impaired K *** conclusion, the irrigation regime of 80 % field capacity of soil moisture content was suggested for the culture of juvenile P. 9 euramericana cv. ＇74/76＇ cuttings. As the interactive meaning, EF was also suggested for its excellent promotion on

关键词： Poplar - Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium Nutrient loading Vector diagnosis

Forest recovery after clear-cutting in Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis) plantations of North China

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第2期10卷 233-248页

作者： DONG Boqian ZHAO Kuangji WANG Zhibin jia zhongkui MA Lvyi XIA Xinli Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education College of Forestry Beijing Forestry University College of Biological Sciences and Technology Beijing Forestry University

In Hebei Province of North China, forest was recovered with natural recruitment in plantations with large area of clear-cutting Chinese pine（Pinus tabuliformis）. This study was aimed to demonstrate the dynamic characteristics of recruits during the natural recruitment. Both plot survey and the spatial point-pattern analysis were performed. Five developmental stages of natural recruitment were selected and studied, including 1 year before and 2, 5, 8, and 11 years after clear-cutting. Different slope aspects were also included. Natural recruitment was always dominated by Chinese pine with a proportion of higher than 90%. For plots of 1 year before clear-cutting on east-and north-facing slopes, recruit densities were 7886 and 5036 stems/hm2, the average heights were 0.78（±0.85） and 1.06（±1.15） m, and the average diameters at breast height（DBH） were 3.21（±1.38） and 2.91（±1.38） cm, respectively. After clear-cutting, recruit density was initially increased, then it was gradually declined with time; however, the variation of average DBH was contrary to that of recruit density. Both of them were no longer varied between 8 and 11 years after clear-cutting. The average height of recruits continued to increase after clear-cutting. For the plots of 11 years after clear-cutting on east-and north-facing slopes, average heights of recruits reached 2.00（±1.14） and 2.24（±1.20） m, respectively. The statuses of recruits on north-facing slopes were better than those on east-facing slopes after clear-cutting. Meanwhile, recruits on east-facing slopes were always aggregated at small scales, while spatial pattern of recruits varied with time on north-facing slopes. Moreover, forest was recovered more quickly by natural recruitment than by artificial afforestation after clear-cutting. The structural diversity was higher in naturally regenerated forests than in plantations of the same age. Our results demonstrated that clear-cutting of Chinese pine plantations recovered by natural recruitm

关键词： Chinese pine natural recruitment clear-cutting slope aspect spatial pattern Hebei Province

Effect of thinning intensity on the stem CO_(2) efflux of Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 841-855页

作者： Kuangji Zhao Timothy J.Fahey Xiangzhen Wang Jie Wang Fang He Chuan Fan zhongkui jia Xianwei Li Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River College of ForestrySichuan Agricultural University611130 ChengduChina Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education College of ForestryBeijing Forestry University100083 BeijingChina Department of Natural Resources Cornell University14853 New YorkUSA

Background:Stem CO_(2) efflux(E_(S))plays a critical role in the carbon budget of forest *** is a core practice for sustainable management of *** is therefore necessary and urgent to study the effect and mechanism of thinning intensity(TI)on E_(S).Methods:In this study,five TIs were applied in Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr 21-,25-,and 41-year-old stands in North China in *** infrared gas analyzer(Li-8100 A)was used to measure ES and its association with environmental factors at monthly intervals from May to October in 2013 to *** addition,nutrients,wood structure and nonstructural carbon(NSC)data were measured in August ***:The results show that ES increased with increasing *** maximum ES values occurred at a TI of 35%(3.29,4.57 and 2.98μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))and were 1.54-,1.94-and 2.89-fold greater than the minimum E_(S) value in the CK stands(2.14,2.35 and 1.03μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))in July for the 21-,25-and 41-year-old forests,*** E_(S) of the trees in low-density stands was more sensitive to temperature than that of the trees in high-density *** sugars(SS)and temperature are the main factors affecting *** the stand density is low enough as 41-year-old ***-rupprechtii forests with TI 35%,bark thickness(BT)and humidity should be considered in addition to air temperature(T_(a)),wood temperature(T_(w)),sapwood width(SW),nitrogen concentration(N)and SS in the evaluation of *** a change in stand density is ignored,the CO_(2) released from individual 21-,25-and 41-year-old trees could be underestimated by 168.89%,101.94% and 200.49%,***_(2) release was estimated based on the stem equation in combination with the factors influencing ES for ***:We suggest that it is not sufficient to conventional models which quantify ES only by temperature and that incorporating the associated drivers(***,SS,SW and N)based on stand density into conventional model

关键词： Stem CO_(2)efflux Thinning intensity Environmental factors Nutrient content Wood structure Nonstructural carbon Larix principis-rupprechtii

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‘娇红1号’红花玉兰对水分胁迫的生理响应

西南林业大学学报（自然科学） 2024年第3期44卷 18-26页

作者：詹丽红蔡宇宇朱仲龙马履一贾忠奎吴南生罗芊芊朱国平邓章文汪加魏江西农业大学林学院江西南昌330045 北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护重点实验室北京100083 江西省抚州市林业科学研究所江西抚州344114

以‘娇红1号’1年生嫁接苗为试材,设置盆栽土壤含水量为田间最大持水量(FWC)的20%(HD)、40%(LD)、60%(CK)、80%(LF)、100%(HF)5个处理,测定不同处理条件下‘娇红1号’叶片的光合特性和生理指标分析‘娇红1号’红花玉兰对水分胁迫的生理... 详细信息

以‘娇红1号’1年生嫁接苗为试材,设置盆栽土壤含水量为田间最大持水量(FWC)的20%(HD)、40%(LD)、60%(CK)、80%(LF)、100%(HF)5个处理,测定不同处理条件下‘娇红1号’叶片的光合特性和生理指标分析‘娇红1号’红花玉兰对水分胁迫的生理响应,探究‘娇红1号’红花玉兰在江西等江南丘陵区的引种效应。结果表明:在水分胁迫下,HD处理下的‘娇红1号’苗木在胁迫第10天全部死亡(其余的存活率为100%),CK下‘娇红1号’叶片的叶绿素含量先降后升,其余处理都随着胁迫时间的加长而降低。P_(n)和G_(s)的日变化出现双峰现象,T_(r)日变化呈现先升后降趋势,C_(i)日变化呈现上升趋势,WUE和L_(s)的日变化呈现下降趋势。CK处理的P_(n)、G_(s)、C_(i)和T_(r)日均值最大,HF处理下WUE和L_(s)最大。随着胁迫时间的延长,‘娇红1号’苗木叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和MDA含量呈现先升后降的变化趋势。Pro含量和SOD活性呈现上升趋势。APX活性呈现先降后升再降的变化趋势,且在胁迫维持到第40天时CK处理下最低。可见,60%~80%FWC的条件下最利于‘娇红1号’红花玉兰的生长。

关键词：红花玉兰水分胁迫光合特性生理指标抗逆性

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光周期对红花玉兰‘娇红1号’生理及光合特性的影响

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经济林研究 2024年第1期42卷 189-200,210页

作者：蔡宇宇朱仲龙贾忠奎马履一桑子阳吴南生徐梦阳罗芊芊邓章文汪加魏江西农业大学林学院江西南昌330045 江西农业大学江西省森林培育重点实验室江西南昌330045 江西农业大学南酸枣研究所江西南昌330045 北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护重点实验室北京100083 五峰博翎种业有限公司湖北五峰443400 抚州市林业科学研究所江西抚州344114

【目的】为给红花玉兰的栽培提供参考。【方法】以红花玉兰‘娇红1号’2年生大容器苗为研究对象,通过人工调控LED光源的方式,设置6种光周期,分别为8 h(光照期)/16 h(暗期)、10 h/14 h、12 h/12 h、14 h/10 h、16 h/8 h以及自然光照(CK)... 详细信息

【目的】为给红花玉兰的栽培提供参考。【方法】以红花玉兰‘娇红1号’2年生大容器苗为研究对象,通过人工调控LED光源的方式,设置6种光周期,分别为8 h(光照期)/16 h(暗期)、10 h/14 h、12 h/12 h、14 h/10 h、16 h/8 h以及自然光照(CK),处理一定时间后,测定苗高和地径的生长量、叶片营养物质含量、叶片保护酶活性、叶片光合色素含量、光合气体交换参数及叶绿素荧光参数。【结果】在14 h/10 h处理下苗高、地径生长量显著高于其他各处理,8 h/16 h处理下显著低于其他处理。随着光周期中光照时间的延长,除了叶片的可溶性蛋白含量呈现下降趋势外,叶片的可溶性糖含量、可溶性淀粉含量、全N含量、全P含量、全K含量均呈现上升趋势,其中14 h/10 h处理下叶片营养物质含量最高,8 h/16 h处理下最低。光周期对叶片保护酶活性的影响显著,14 h/10 h处理下叶片SOD活性、POD活性、APX活性显著低于CK处理,8 h/16 h和16 h/8 h处理下显著高于CK处理。在12 h/12 h和14 h/10 h处理下叶片的光合色素含量较CK有显著提高,在8 h/16 h和16 h/8 h处理下光合色素含量较CK显著降低。总体上,苗木叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和胞间CO_(2)浓度在8 h/16 h处理下最小,在14 h/10 h处理下最大,在16 h/8 h处理下各参数有所下降。不同光周期处理下的最大荧光(F_(m))、初始荧光(F_(o))、光化学猝灭系数(C_(PQ))、非光化学猝灭系数(C_(NPQ))与CK处理均无显著差异,在14 h/10 h处理下相对电子传递速率(ETR)、PSⅡ最大光能转化效率(F_(v)/F_(m))、PSⅡ潜在光化学活性(F_(v)/F_(o))和PSⅡ实际光化学效率(Φ_(PSⅡ))的值最大且显著高于CK处理,分别为26.33、0.77、3.45和0.74。【结论】光周期可以影响‘娇红1号’的苗高和地径生长量、叶片营养物质含量、叶片保护酶活性、叶片光合色素含量、光合气体交换参数及叶绿素荧光参数等指标。适当延长光周期中的光照时间有利于提高‘娇红1号’苗木的质量,光周期14 h/10 h是最适合其生长的光照条件,光照时间过长或过短均会影响苗木正常生长。

关键词：红花玉兰‘娇红1号’ 光周期生理指标光合特性