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Progress in research on metal-based materials in stabilized Zn anodes

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 20-40页

作者： Le Li shao-feng jia Ming-Hui Cao Yong-Qiang Ji Heng-Wei Qiu Dan Zhang Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation School of Mechanical EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong 723001China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China State Key Laboratory for Artifcial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis School of Chemistry and Environment ScienceShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong 723001China

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) combine the benefits of metallic Zn anodes with those of aqueous electrolytes and are well suited for large-scale energy storage because of their inherent high safety, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. Currently, the practical application of such batteries is hindered by the poor cycling performance of Zn anodes due to uncontrolled dendrite formation and severe side reactions, although recent reports suggest that these problems can be mitigated through the modification of Zn anodes with metal-based *** that the mechanisms of improving Zn deposition and the structural evolution of metal-based materials have not been systematically reviewed, we herein systematically overview the metal-based materials used to stabilize Zn anodes, starting with a brief summary of the anode working mechanism and the challenges faced by stabilized Zn anodes. Subsequently, the design principles of Zn anodes stabilized by metal-based materials and the related recent progress are reviewed, and the key challenges and perspectives for the future development of such Zn anodes are proposed.

关键词： Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) Zn anode Metalbased materials Alloying metal Stabilized Zn anodes

Water Security Problem in North China: Research and Perspective

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Pedosphere 2005年第5期15卷 563-575页

作者： XIA Jun LIU Meng-Yu jia shao-feng Key Laboratory of Water Cycle ＆Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 （China） State Key Laboratory of Water Resources ＆ Hydropower Engineering Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072（China） Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050021 （China）

This paper addresses the emergence of water security problems in North China with the aim of highlighting key waterresources management and water security issues for the long-term development of North China. Three key problemsrelated to water resources and security issues in North China in the 21st century are addressed, namely 1) the watercycle under environmental change, 2) agricultural water saving, and 3) water security. Development of internationalresearch related to these issues is also reviewed. The research plan developed recently by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) is discussed and suggestions on research and development of water resources science in North China are *** to focus on experimental catchments and dedicated research stations, a detailed knowledge of the water cycle onNorth China farmland has been compiled. A range of techniques that include isotope tracers has been used to acquirehydrologic data. Much research has been devoted to developing distributed hydrological models at different scales. In thewell irrigation district, five different water saving irrigation regimes have been investigated, and these regimes have hadwidespread application, and reduced water use 60-150 mm while they increased water use efficiency (WUE) by 20%-30%.Furthermore, preventing water pollution is the most essential step to ensure North China’s water security.

关键词： environmental change North China water cycle water resources water security

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知识经济给经济地理学带来的新课题

地理研究 2000年第1期19卷 101-106页

作者：贾绍凤中国科学院地理研究所北京100101

知识经济是经济的高级形态 ,是经济发展和产业升级的方向。经济地理学以产业布局和区域发展为己任 ,应当密切关注知识经济时代产业布局和区域发展的新动向。知识经济既给经济地理学带来了诸如知识经济组织结构、信息产业布局、高新技术... 详细信息

知识经济是经济的高级形态 ,是经济发展和产业升级的方向。经济地理学以产业布局和区域发展为己任 ,应当密切关注知识经济时代产业布局和区域发展的新动向。知识经济既给经济地理学带来了诸如知识经济组织结构、信息产业布局、高新技术产业布局、经济全球化、区域创新环境等新的研究课题 ,也给经济地理学提出了信息化和开放化等新的要求。

关键词：知识经济经济地理学区域发展产业布局

The noise spectral characteristics and noise reduction schemes of screw air-source heat pump:A case study

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Building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 53-70页

作者： Dongsheng Liu Yaohan feng Jikang jia Pengfei Si Ya feng China Southwest Architecture Design and Research Institute Co.Ltd. Chengdu 610041China CSCEC Green Construction Engineering Research Center Chengdu 610041China

The screw air-source heat pump can cause incessant high noise levels during operation,which might hinder adoption of this energy-efficient heat ***,acoustic measurements and comparison testing were performed in this *** measurements revealed that the compressor is the main noise source of the heat pump,and it shows a multipeak frequency distribution and a wide frequency spectrum under different work conditions,with multiple peaks at 63,250,and 1000 ***,a compressor sound insulation cover with broadband absorption was proposed,and it was experimentally proven that the insulation cover can reduce the maximum sound pressure level of one unit from 89.8 dBA to 79.1 ***,we proposed several noise reduction strategies and compared their noise reduction effects using computer *** results showed that the noise problem can be effectively improved through the rational design of the sound barrier and the layout and opening options of heat *** distance between the sound barrier and heat pump and the sound attenuation due to diffraction ALa exhibit a U-shaped *** buildings of different heights,the optimal heights of noise barrier are *** 5.5-meter is the optimal height of the sound barrier for single-story *** conclusions can be applied to other building projects for heat pump noise reduction.

关键词： acoustic simulation broadband noise noise reduction air-source heat pump sound barrier

Propagation Properties of Shock Waves in Polyurethane Foam based on Atomistic Simulations

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 117-129页

作者： Zhiqiang Hu jianli shao Shiyu jia Weidong Song Cheng Wang State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Porous materials are widely used in the field of protection because of their excellent energy absorption *** this work,a series of polyurethane microscopic models are established and the effect of porosity on the shock waves is studied with classical molecular dynamics ***,shock Hugoniot relations for different porosities are obtained,which compare well with the experimental *** pores collapse and form local stress wave,which results in the complex multi-wave structure of the shock *** microstructure analysis shows that the local stress increases and the local velocity decreases gradually during the process of pore collapse to complete ***,it leads to stress relaxation and velocity *** shock stress peaks can be fitted with two exponential functions,and the amplitude of attenuation coefficient decreases with the increase of ***,the pore collapse under shock or non-shock are discussed by the entropy increase rate of the *** energy is dissipated mainly through the multiple interactions of the waves under *** energy is dissipated mainly by the friction between atoms under non-shock.

关键词： Polyurethane foam Shock wave Attenuation Atomistic simulation

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干旱期水安全及其风险评价研究

水利学报 2005年第9期36卷 1138-1142页

作者：张翔夏军贾绍凤水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室(武汉大学) 湖北武汉430072 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101

本文分析了水安全的内涵、研究范畴,提出了水安全的定义,在此基础上结合干旱特征,进一步分析了干旱期水安全的特点,并将水资源系统风险分析中的可靠性指标、恢复性指标和易损性指标应用于区域干旱风险分析。在此基础上建立干旱风险指数... 详细信息

本文分析了水安全的内涵、研究范畴,提出了水安全的定义,在此基础上结合干旱特征,进一步分析了干旱期水安全的特点,并将水资源系统风险分析中的可靠性指标、恢复性指标和易损性指标应用于区域干旱风险分析。在此基础上建立干旱风险指数。在海河流域水安全风险评价中的应用表明,该方法可用于对干旱期水安全进行评价,并为水资源管理者制定和选择抗旱措施提供科学的决策依据。

关键词：干旱水安全水资源系统风险分析

Clinical study of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-tolymphocyte ratio in hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis and acute biliary pancreatitis with persistent organ failure

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1647-1659页

作者： Mu-Sen Xu jia-Le Xu Xin Gao shao-jian Mo jia-Yu Xing jia-Hang Liu Yan-Zhang Tian Xi-feng Fu The Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Shanxi Bethune HospitalShanxi Academy of Medical SciencesTongji Shanxi HospitalTaiyuan 030032Shanxi ProvinceChina Department of Environmental Health School of Public HealthShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030032Shanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)are novel inflammatory indicators that can be used to predict the severity and prognosis of various *** categorize acute pancreatitis by etiology into acute biliary pancreatitis(ABP)and hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis(HTGP).AIM To investigate the clinical significance of NLR and PLR in assessing persistent organ failure(POF)in HTGP and *** A total of 1450 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis(AP)for the first time at Shanxi Bethune Hospital between January 2012 and January 2023 were *** patients were categorized into two groups according to the etiology of AP:ABP in 530 patients and HTGP in 241 *** collected and compared the clinical data of the patients,including NLR,PLR,and AP prognostic scoring systems,within 48 h of hospital *** The NLR(9.1 vs 6.9,P<0.001)and PLR(203.1 vs 160.5,P<0.001)were significantly higher in the ABP group than in the HTGP *** the HTGP group,both NLR and PLR were significantly increased in patients with severe AP and those with a SOFA score≥***,in the ABP group,NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in patients with severe AP,modified computed tomography severity index score≥4,Japanese Severity Score≥3,and modified Marshall score≥***,NLR and PLR showed predictive value for the development of POF in both the ABP and HTGP *** NLR and PLR vary between ABP and HTGP,are strongly associated with AP prognostic scoring systems,and have predictive potential for the occurrence of POF in both ABP and HTGP.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Gallstone Hypertriglyceridemia Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio Persistent organ failure

Recent advances of high-entropy electrocatalysts for water electrolysis by electrodeposition technology:a short review

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2371-2390页

作者： Han-Ming Zhang shao-Fei Zhang Li-Hao Zuo jia-Kang Li Jun-Xia Guo Peng Wang Jin-feng Sun Lei Dai Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore117543Singapore

Hydrogen is considered as the promising energy carrier to substitute traditional fossil fuel,due to its cleanliness,renewability and high energy *** electrolysis is a simple and eonvenient technology for hydrogen *** efficiency of water electrolysis for hydrogen production is limited by the electrocatalytic performances on hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The exorbitant Pt-and Ir-/Ru-based electrocatalysts as optimal HER and OER electrocatalysts,respectively,restrict water electrolysis ***,non-precious metal-based high-entropy electrocatalysts have exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activities and long-term stabilities for water electrolysis,as promising precious cataly st ***,the construction of the high-entropy electroc atalysts is vital to water electrolysis *** technology is an efficient method for the preparation of high-entropy electrocatalysts due to its simple,fast,energy-saving and environmental-friendly ***-component co-precipitation facilely occurs during the electroredox in electrodeposition ***-entropy alloys,oxides,(oxy)hydroxides,phosphides and phosphorus sulfide oxides have been successfully prepared by galvanostatic,potentiostatic electrodeposition,cyclic voltammetry,pulse,nanodroplet-mediated and cathodic plasma electrodeposition ***,introduction of the development of high-entropy electrocatalysts synthesized by electrodeposition technology is significant to researchers and *** and outlooks are also concluded to boost the industrial application of electrodeposition in water electrolysis and other energy conversion areas.

关键词： High-entropy electrocatalysts Electrodeposition technology Water electrolysis Multi-component co-precipitation Excellent electrocatalytic performances

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Microplastics in Snow in the Inner Mongolia Plateau, China

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 69-77页

作者： Hongwei Yu Junrong shao Huawei jia Diga Gang Baiwen Ma Chengzhi Hu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Changjiang Survey PlanningDesign and Research Co.Ltd.Wuhan 430010China

Microplastics(MPs;<5 mm)have become one of the most prominent global environmental pollution *** can spread to high altitudes through atmospheric transport and can be deposited by rainfall or snowfall,potentially threatening the structure and function of natural *** in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems alter the growth and functional characteristics of ***,little attention has been given to the possible harm associated with MPs deposited in snow,particularly in the context of global climate *** collected from surface snow in the Inner Mongolia Plateau,China,were used for quantitative analysis and *** results showed that MPs were easily detected,and the related concentration was approximately(68±10)–(199±22)MPsL1 in snow *** were the most common morphology,the polymer composition was largely varied,and the abundance and composition of MPs were linked to human activity to a great ***-throughput sequencing results showed that the composition and abundance of microorganisms also differed in snow samples from areas with different MP pollution characteristics,indicating a considerable difference in microbial functional *** may have an interference effect on the individual growth and functional expression of microorganisms in *** addition,the results showed that functional living areas(e.g.,landfills and suburban areas)in cities play an important role in the properties of *** instance,the highest abundance of MPs was found in thermal power plants,whereas the abundance of polymers per sample was significantly lower in the suburban *** MP contaminants hidden in snow can alter microbial structure and function and are therefore a potential threat to ecosystem health.

关键词： Human activities Snow Microplastics Microbial community Urban function Environmental effect