检索结果-南通市图书馆

Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate from CO_2, Methanol, and Epoxides Using Re(CO)_5Cl/K_2CO_3 as Catalyst System

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2007年第3期23卷 374-376页

作者： jiaNG jia-li HUA rui-mao Department of Chemistry Innovative Catalysis Program Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics ＆ Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beifing 100084 P. R. China

Over the past few years, dimethyl carbonate （DMC） has been proven to be an efficient methylating, methoxylating, and methoxycarbonylating agent in organic syntheses, in which DMC is used to replace the toxic methyl halides, dimethyl sulfate or carbon monoxide, and so forth. Furthermore, DMC has been used in the syntheses of polycarbonates and polyurethane to develop the nonphosgene routes Therefore, DMC has become one of the most important compounds in the development of green synthetic chemistry.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Dimethyl carbonate Epoxide Methanol Potassium Carbonate Rhenium

Theoretical Epidemiology Needs Urgent Attention in China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

China CDC weekly 2024年第21期6卷 499-502页

作者： Yao Wang Zeyu Zhao jia rui Tianmu Chen State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases Xiang An Biomedicine LaboratorySchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen CityFujian ProvinceChina

The mathematical method to which theoretical epidemiology belongs is one of the three major methodologies in *** is of great value in diagnosing infectious disease epidemic trends and evaluating the effectiveness of prevention and control *** paper aims to summarize the brief history of the development of theoretical epidemiology,common types of mathematical models,and key steps to develop a mathematical *** also provides some thoughts and perspectives on the development and application of theoretical epidemiology in China.

关键词： epidemiology prevention China.

Toxicities of amyloid-beta and tau protein are reciprocally enhanced in the Drosophila model

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2286-2292页

作者： Zhen-Dong Sun jia-Xin Hu jia-rui Wu Bing Zhou Yun-Peng Huang Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Extracellular aggregation of amyloid-beta(Aβ)and intracellular tau tangles are two major pathogenic hallmarks and critical factors of Alzheimer’s disease.A linear interaction between Aβand tau protein has been characterized in several models.Aβinduces tau hyperphosphorylation through a complex mechanism;however,the master regulators involved in this linear process are still *** our study with Drosophila melanogaster,we found that Aβregulated tau hyperphosphorylation and toxicity by activating c-Jun N-terminal ***,Aβtoxicity was dependent on tau hyperphosphorylation,and flies with hypophosphorylated tau were insulated against Aβ-induced ***,tau accumulation reciprocally interfered with Aβdegradation and correlated with the reduction in mRNA expression of genes encoding Aβ-degrading enzymes,including dNep1,dNep3,dMmp2,dNep4,and *** results indicate that Aβand tau protein work synergistically to further accelerate Alzheimer’s disease progression and may be considered as a combined target for future development of Alzheimer’s disease therapeutics.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-beta amyloid-beta degradation Drosophila melanogaster c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) neurodegeneration tau tau hyperphosphorylation

Synthesis and Characterization of PEG-scuteilarin Conjugates,a Potential PEG Ester Prodrug for the Oral Delivery of Scutellarin

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Chemical Letters 2006年第1期17卷 85-88页

作者： Qing Song ZHOU Xue Hua jiaNG jia rui YU Ke jia LI West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University Chengdu 610041

Highly water soluble esters of scutellarin with variable molecular weight polyethylene glycol （PEG） were prepared via PEGylation. The physicochemical properties and the stabilities under different conditions were investigated. By PEG modification, the greatly increased water solubility and desirable partition coefficient of scuteUarin were obtained, and the results showed that these conjugates were potential prodrugs for the oral delivery of scuteUarin.

关键词： Scutellarin PEGylation prodrug physicochcmical properties stability.

Integrating the environmental factor into the strategy updating rule to promote cooperation in evolutionary games

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Physics B 2012年第1期21卷 529-534页

作者： Zhao Lin Zhou Xin Liang Zhi Wu jia-rui Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Many previous studies have shown that the environment plays an important role for social individuals. In this paper, we integrate the environmental factor, which is defined as the average payoff of all a player＇s neighbours, with the standard Fermi updating rule by introducing a tunable parameter, w. It is found that the level of cooperation increases remarkably, and that the cooperators can better resist the invasion of defection with an increase in w. This interesting phenomenon is then explained from a microscopic view. In addition, the universality of this mechanism is also proved with the help of the small-world network and the random regular graph. This work may be helpful in understanding cooperation behaviour in species from unicellular organisms up to human beings.

关键词： evolutionary game cooperation prisoner's dilemma game

Possible Involvement of Anti-Oxidant Enzymes in the Cross-Tolerance of the Germination/Growth of Wheat Seeds to Salinity and Heat Stress

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第10期47卷 1211-1219页

作者： Yan-Bao LEI Song-Quan SONG jia-rui FU Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan 666303 China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

The germination/growth of wheat （Triticum aestivum L. cv. Zimai 1） seeds and changes in the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, and catalase （CAT）, as well as in the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances （TBARS）, in response to salt and heat stress, as well as cross-stress, were investigated in the present study. With increasing temperature and decreasing water potential caused by NaCI solution, the germination percentage of seeds and the fresh weight of seedlings decreased markedly, SOD activity increased, activities of APX and CAT decreased distinctly, and the TBARS content increased gradually. Seeds pretreated at 33℃ for different times displayed increased tolerance to subsequent salt stress, enhanced SOD, APX, and CAT activities, and decreased TBARS content. Seeds pretreated at -0.8 MPa NaCI for different times displayed increased tolerance to subsequent heat stress and marked increases in SOD, APX, and CAT activities, which were associated with decreased TBARS content. It is considered that the common component in the cross-tolerance of the germination and growth of wheat seeds to salinity and heat stress is the anti-oxidant enzyme system.

关键词： anti-oxidant enzymes cross tolerance germination growth heat stress salinity stress Triticum aestivum seeds.

Instantaneous deformation characteristics of a single bubble in immiscible fluids

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第10期29卷 1601-1612页

作者： jia-rui Xu Xiao-hui Zhang Shan Qing Hao Zhang Hua Wang Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093YunnanChina National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Energy Saving and Environmental Protection Technology in Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering Industry Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093YunnanChina

The passage of a rising bubble through immiscible fluids is encountered in bath *** order to investigate characteristics of bubble deformation in immiscible fluids,the bubble shape change at the interface and the relationship between the bubble aspect ratio(E)and dimensionless number of forces were obtained.A three-dimensional model was established,and the free-floating behavior of a single bubble in immiscible fluids was numerically simulated by phase-field *** simulation results are in good agreement with experimental *** results indicate that when the bubble passes through the interface,the bubble shape is divided into four types in turn:“pear”,inverted“pear”,“convex”and“droplet”*** the lower liquid,the relationship of E to Weber number(We),Tadaki number(Ta),and Reynolds number(Re)is distributed between two intersecting *** relationship of E to Eötvös number(Eo),a dimensionless group,and Galilei number(Ga)is distributed near the lines with slopes of−3.325×10^(-5),−0.0855,and−8.73×10^(-4),*** the upper liquid,the relationship of E to We,Ta,and Re is distributed between two parallel *** with gravity,the inertial force plays a leading role in the bubble shape in the lower and upper *** with the viscous force,the surface tension dominates the bubble shape in the lower liquid.

关键词： Bubble shape Immiscible fluid Dimensionless number Phase-field method

Hydrodynamic Behavior of Gap Resonance in Multiple-Box Systems with Sharp and Round Inlet Configurations

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

China Ocean Engineering 2023年第5期37卷 849-862页

作者： RAN Ya-qing jiaNG Sheng-chao GENG Bao-lei JIN rui-jia Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China National Engineering Research Center for Port Hydraulic Construction Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport EngineeringM.O.T.Tianjin 300456China

Fluid resonance within narrow gaps in multiple-box systems with sharp and round inlet configurations are investigated by using the potential flow and viscous fluid flow models in the OpenFOAM^(■)*** discrepancy between two numerical models can be observed for sharp inlet *** addition to the dramatical decrease of resonant amplitude in narrow gaps,some peak values at the higher resonant frequencies predicted by the potential flow model even disappear in the viscous fluid flow *** decreased normalized resonant amplitudes with the increase of incident wave amplitude can be observed for sharp inlet ***,the hydrodynamic behaviors of multiple-box system with round inlet configurations between potential flow and viscous fluid flow models are quite similar with each *** normalized resonant amplitudes are nearly independent of incident wave amplitudes for multiple-box systems with round inlet *** implies that the energy dissipation associated with fluid viscosity and flow rotation plays an important role in the gap resonance for sharp inlet configurations;while it is insignificant for round inlet configurations.

关键词： fluid resonance multiple boxes sharp edge round edge OpenFOAM

Estimation of the Aerosol Radiative Effect over the Tibetan Plateau Based on the Latest CALIPSO Product

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第5期32卷 707-722页

作者： rui jia Yuzhi LIU Shan HUA Qingzhe ZHU Tianbin SHAO Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou University

Based on the CALIPSO （Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation） Version 4.10 products released on 8 November 2016, the Level 2 （L2） aerosol product over the Tibetan Plateau （TP） is evaluated and the aerosol radiative effect is also estimated in this study. As there are still some missing aerosol data points in the day-time CALIPSO Version 4.10 L2 product, this study re-calculated the aerosol extinction coefficient to explore the aer-osol radiative effect over the TP based on the CALIPSO Level 1 （L1） and CloudSat 2B-CLDCLASS-LIDAR products. The energy budget estimation obtained by using the AODs （aerosol optical depths） from calculated aerosol extinction coefficient as an input to a radiative transfer model shows better agreement with the Earth＇s Radiant En- ergy System （CERES） and CloudSat 2B-FLXHR-LIDAR observations than that with the input of AODs from aero- sol extinction coefficient from CALIPSO Version 4.10 L2 product. The radiative effect and heating rate of aerosols over the TP are further simulated by using the calculated aerosol extinction coefficient. The dust aerosols may heat the atmosphere by retaining the energy in the layer. The instantaneous heating rate can be as high as 5.5 K day^-1 de-pending on the density of the dust layers. Overall, the dust aerosols significantly affect the radiative energy budget and thermodynamic structure of the air over the TP, mainly by altering the shortwave radiation budget. The signific-ant influence of dust aerosols over the TP on the radiation budget may have important implications for investigating the atmospheric circulation and future regional and global climate.

关键词： aerosol radiative effect Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) Version 4.10 product Tibetan Plateau