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Assessing MODIS Land Cover Products over China with Probability of Interannual Change

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2014年第6期7卷 564-570页

作者： GAO Hao jia gen-suo National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Accurate and up-to-date land cover data are important for climate-change modeling. Quality assessment is becoming critical, as many satellite-based land cover products of differing scales have been released to meet the needs of scientific studies. In this study, the authors assessed the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) land cover products by analyzing the probability of interannual change from 2001 to 2012. The authors found that, cumulatively, 43.0% of MODIS land cover had changed over China from 2001 to 2012 at least once. Of this percentage, 12.1% was considered unreasonable change, 6.1% was considered reasonable change, and areas of confusion accounted for about 24.8%, giving rise to great uncertainty in the products. MODIS Collection 51 products clearly have less uncertainty than the Collection 5 products. Areas of reasonable change occurred in transition zones of ecological, biophysical, and climate gradients, while areas of unreasonable change appeared in heterogeneous landscapes. The misclassifications at three spatial scales of horizontal grids used in regional climate models occurred largely in the heterogeneous landscapes, and the areal percentage of misclassification decreased with larger horizontal grid spacing. In addition, the misclassifications in MODIS products often occurred among specific classes, which are geographically, ecologically, and spectrally similar, with low discriminative spectral-temporal signals. The effect of classification uncertainty should be made known, and further improvements are still needed for application in regional climate models. The authors' findings have important implications for better understanding the uncertainties of MODIS land cover products, and for improving the land surface parameterization for regional climate models.

关键词： land cover MODIS quality uncertainty interannual change

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Precipitation as a control of vegetation phenology for temperate steppes in China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2016年第3期9卷 162-168页

作者： ZHOU Yao-Zhi jia gen-suo Institute of Tibetan Plateau Ecology Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College of Tibet University Key Laboratory of Regional Climate–Environment for East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Using the NDVI ratio method, the authors extracted phenological parameters from NOAA-AVHRR NDVI time-series data （1982-2008）. The start of the growing season （SOS） and the date of maximum NDVI （Peak-t） correlated significantly with the mean annual precipitation along regional gradients of the steppes. Along the south transect （located at a lower latitude with a higher annual mean temperature） there was a positive correlation between the end of the growing season （EOS） and the mean annual precipitation along precipitation gradients （R2 = 0.709, p 〈 0.0001）. However, along the north transect （located at higher latitude with lower annual mean temperature）, the EOS was slightly negatively related with the mean annual precipitation （R2 = 0.179, p 〈 0.1）. There was positive correlation between the length of the growing season and the annual precipitation along two transects （R2 = 0.876, p 〈 0.0001 for the south transect; R2 = 0.290, p 〈 0.01 for the north transect）. Thus, for the Inner Mongolian steppe, it is precipitation rather than temperature that determines the date of the SOS.

关键词： Phenology precipitation steppe remote sensing

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Spatial and Quantitative Comparison of Satellite-Derived Land Cover Products over China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2012年第5期5卷 426-434页

作者： GAO Hao jia gen-suo Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia (RCE-TEA) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Bering 100029 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Because land cover plays an important role in global climate change studies, assessing the agreement among different land cover products is critical. Significant discrepancies have been reported among satellite-derived land cover products, especially at the regional scale. Dif- ferent classification schemes are a key obstacle to the comparison of products and are considered the main fac- tor behind the disagreement among the different products. Using a feature-based overlap metric, we investigated the degree of spatial agreement and quantified the overall and class-specific agreement among the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectoradiometer （MODIS）, Global Land Cover 2000 （GLC2000）, and the National Land Cover/Use Data- sets （NLCD） products, and the author assessed the prod- ucts by ground reference data at the regional scale over China. The areas with a low degree of agreement mostly occurred in heterogeneous terrain and transition zones, while the areas with a high degree of agreement occurred in major plains and areas with homogeneous vegetation. The overall agreement of the MODIS and GLC2000 products was 50.8% and 52.9%, and the overall accuracy was 50.3% and 41.9%, respectively. Class-specific agree- ment or accuracy varied significantly. The high-agreement classes are water, grassland, cropland, snow and ice, and bare areas, whereas classes with low agreement are shru- bland and wetland in both MODIS and GLC2000. These characteristics of spatial patterns and quantitative agree- ment could be partly explained by the complex landscapes, mixed vegetation, low separability of spectro-temporal- texture signals, and coarse pixels. The differences of class definition among different the classification schemes also affects the agreement. Each product had its advantages and limitations, but neither the overall accuracy nor the class-specific accuracy could meet the requirements of climate modeling.

关键词： land cover comparison spatial pattern quantitative agreement

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A Dynamic Method for Quantifying Natural Warming in Urban Areas

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2012年第5期5卷 408-413页

作者： HE Yu-Ting jia gen-suo Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

In the study of global warming, one of the main issues is the quantification of the urbanization effect in climate records. Previous studies have contributed much to removing the impact of urbanization from surface air temperature by carefully selecting reference stations. However, due to the insufficient number of stations free from the influence of urbanization and the different criteria used to select reference stations, there are still significant controversies about the intensity of the impact of urbanization on temperature records. This study proposes a dynamic method for quantifying natural warming using information on urbanization from every station acquired from remote sensing (RS) data instead of selecting reference stations. Two different spatial scales were applied to examine the impact of urbanization, but little difference was found, indicating the stability of this method. The results showed a significant difference in original temperature data and the homogenized data-urban warming accounted for approximately 64% in the original temperature warming but only approximately 20% in the homogenized temperature records.

关键词： urbanization air temperature climate change remote sensing

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Spatiotemporal variability of precipitation during 1961-2014 across the Mongolian Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第5期15卷 992-1005页

作者： QIN Fu-ying jia gen-suo YANG Jie NA Yin-tai HOU Mei-ting Narenmandula School of Ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 China College of geographical science Inner Mongolia Normal University Hohhot 010022 China Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 1ooo29 China Graduate School of Dairy Sciences Rakuno Gakuen University Ebetsu 069-8501 Japan China Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081 China

Precipitation is the dominant factor that controls vegetation growth and land-use practices in the arid and semiarid Mongolian Plateau(MP), so the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of precipitation change has been an important scientific question in the region. This study investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of annual and seasonal precipitation across the entire MP based on monthly precipitation data from 136 meteorological stations during 1961–2014 by using a modified Mann–Kendall test, Sen's slope, Morlet Wavelet Transform, and geostatistical methods. Results show the following: 1) Annual precipitation decreased slightly from 1961 to *** with positive and negative trends were 41.9%and 58.1%, respectively. Significant positive trends were mainly in the southwestern and northeastern regions of the plateau, whereas significant negative trends were in the northern and southeastern regions.2) Precipitation decreased at rates of-5.65 and-0.41 mm/decade in summer and autumn, respectively, but increased at 1.91 and 0.51 mm/decade in spring and winter. The contribution of spring and winter precipitation to the annual amount increased significantly, but that of summer precipitation decreased significantly. 3) A large majority of stations(80.2%) showed decreasing trends in summer,whereas 89.7% and 83.1% of stations showed increasing trends in spring and winter. The spatial distribution of trend magnitude in seasonal precipitation amount was strongly heterogeneous. 4)By climatic zones, precipitation increased in humid and arid zones, but decreased in a semiarid zone. On the whole, the MP experienced a drying trend, with significant regional differentiation and seasonal variations.

关键词： Precipitation Interannual trends Seasonal variability Spatiotemporal characteristics Mongolian Plateau

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Increased Browning of Woody Vegetation due to Continuous Seasonal Droughts in Yunnan Province, China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2014年第2期7卷 120-125页

作者： CHEN Hong-Ping jia gen-suo FENG Jin-Ming DONG Yan-Sheng Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture

In this paper, based on the analysis of satellite measurements, the authors conclude that the continuous seasonal droughts intensify the browning of woody vegetation and that evergreen needleleaf forest(ENF) shows a larger browning percentage than other woody vegetation types over Yunnan Province. Based on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) precipitation standardized anomaly, in the dry season, which is from October to March, the 2010 drought affected an area of Yunnan Province 1.77 times larger than the 2012 drought, but in the post-drought months(April to June), the browning area of all woody vegetation in 2012 was 1.11 times larger than that in 2010 on the basis of the enhanced vegetation index(EVI) standardized anomaly. The reduction of vegetation greenness over large areas of Yunnan Province represents a photosynthetic capacity loss which will have an impact on carbon fluxes to the atmosphere.

关键词： Yunnan Province drought enhanced vegetation index woody vegetation standard anomaly

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Validation of Land Surface Temperature Derived from 37-GHz AMSR-E over Northern China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2011年第5期4卷 257-263页

作者： ZHANG An-Zhi jia gen-suo WANG He-Song ZHAO Tian-Bao Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia （RCE-TEA） Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

A validation study of land surface temperature (LST) obtained from the Ka band (37 GHz) vertically polarized brightness temperature over northern China is *** remotely sensed LST derived jointly by the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (VUA-NASA) from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) were compared to the daily in-situ top soil temperature/infrared surface temperature observations from eleven/three Enhanced Coordinated Observation stations in arid and semi-arid regions of northern *** VUA-NASA LST from the descending path exhibited a stronger correspondence to the in-situ infrared surface temperature than soil temperature observations,whereas correlations (R 2) of the latter ranged from 0.41 to ***,the ascending overpass LST was generally warmer than the in-situ soil temperature observations at all stations,and the correlation (R 2) was between 0.07 and ***,the correlation of the descending path was generally greater than that of the ascending path at the same *** descending path VUA-NASA LST was sensitive to precipitation and presented good agreement with ground temperature *** analyses demonstrated that the descending overpass LST was reliable to reflect reasonable patterns of temperature dynamics for land surface temperature in the region.

关键词： land surface temperature validation AMSR-E soil temperature northern China

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Modeling Gross Primary Production by Integrating Satellite Data and Coordinated Flux Measurements in Arid and Semi-Arid China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2010年第1期3卷 7-13页

作者： WANG He-Song jia gen-suo FENG Jin-Ming ZHAO Tian-Bao MA Zhu-Guo Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beo＇ing 100029 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Assessing large-scale patterns of gross primary production (GPP) in arid and semi-arid (ASA) areas is important for both scientific and practical *** sensing-based models,which integrate satellite data with input from ground-based meteorological measurements and vegetation characteristics,improve spatially extended estimates of vegetation productivity with high *** this study,the authors simulated GPP in ASA areas by integrating moderate resolution imaging spectral radiometer (MODIS) data with eddy covariance and meteorological measurements at the flux tower sites using the Vegetation Photosynthesis Model (VPM),which is a remote sensing-based model for analyzing the spatial pattern of GPP in different land cover *** field data were collected by coordinating observations at nine stations in *** results indicate that in the region during the growing season GPP was highest in cropland sites,second highest in woodland sites,and lowest in grassland *** captured the temporal and spatial characteristics of GPP for different land covers in ASA ***,Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) had a strong liner relationship with GPP in densely vegetated areas,while the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) had a strong liner relationship with GPP over less dense *** study demonstrates the potential of satellite-driven models for scaling-up GPP,which is a key component for studying the carbon cycle at regional and global scales.

关键词： gross primary production vegetation photo- synthesis model eddy covariance remote sensing coordinated observation arid and semiarid areas

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Evaluation of AMSR-E——Derived Soil Moisture over Northern China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2011年第4期4卷 223-228页

作者： ZHANG An-Zhi jia gen-suo WANG He-Song ZHAO Tian-Bao FENG Jin-Ming MA Zhu-Guo Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese_ Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

In this study,the authors evaluated two re-motely sensed surface soil moisture datasets derived from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer of the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) over northern *** soil moisture datasets were derived from algorithms developed by the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) and jointly developed by the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (VUA-NASA).The NSIDC and VUA-NASA products were compared to in situ soil moisture data from nine enhanced coordinated observation *** VUA-NASA dataset presented a strong correlation with top layer in situ soil moisture observations,and the correla-tion coefficients ranged from 0.34 to 0.73 (p<0.01).The correlation coefficients decreased as the observed soil layer depth *** correlation coefficients be-tween the NSIDC retrievals and the top layer in situ ob-servations were between 0.10 and 0.62 (p<0.01).Fur-thermore,VUA-NASA soil moisture variations agreed well with in situ soil moisture dynamics and responded sensitively to precipitation *** contrast,the NSIDC dataset failed to capture signals of soil moisture *** analyses demonstrated that the VUA-NASA product was capable of representing soil moisture conditions over northern China.

关键词： soil moisture AMSR-E coordinated observation northern China

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IPCC《气候变化与土地特别报告》对陆气相互作用的新认知

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气候变化研究进展 2020年第1期16卷 9-16页

作者：贾根锁中国科学院大气物理研究所

IPCC向全球正式发布了其最新的《气候变化与土地特别报告》(SRCCL),从陆气相互作用、荒漠化、土地退化、粮食安全、综合变化和协同性、可持续土地管理等方面评估气候变化与土地的相互关联。报告是在IPCC 3个工作组共同主导下,首次系统... 详细信息

IPCC向全球正式发布了其最新的《气候变化与土地特别报告》(SRCCL),从陆气相互作用、荒漠化、土地退化、粮食安全、综合变化和协同性、可持续土地管理等方面评估气候变化与土地的相互关联。报告是在IPCC 3个工作组共同主导下,首次系统评估气候变化与陆面过程和土地利用/土地管理之间的相关作用。报告的评估结果表明,全球陆地增温幅度接近全球海陆平均值的两倍,气候变化加重了综合土地压力,并严重影响全球粮食安全,而全球很多区域的极端天气气候事件频率/强度持续增加,加重了农业生产的灾害风险和损失。采取行业间和国家间协同一致的行动,通过可持续土地管理,可以有效地适应和减缓气候变化,同时减轻土地退化、荒漠化和粮食安全的压力。

关键词：气候变化影响陆面过程气候效应生态系统土地管理

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