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Seasonal variation and sources of derivatized phenols in atmospheric fine particulate matter in North China Plain

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第3期32卷 136-144页

作者： Yang Yang Xingru Li Rongrong Shen Zirui Liu dongsheng ji Yuesi Wang Department of Chemistry Analytical and Testing CenterCapital Normal UniversityBeijing100048China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of derivatized phenols in Beijing and in Xinglong were performed from 2016 to 2017 using gas chromatography-mass *** results showed substantially more severe pollution in *** the 14 compounds detected,the total average concentration was 100 ng/m^3 in Beijing,compared with 11.6 ng/m^3 in *** specifically,concentration of nitro-aromatic compounds(NACs)(81.9 ng/m^3 in Beijing and 8.49 ng/m^3 in Xinglong) was the highest,followed by aromatic acids(14.6 ng/m^3 in Beijing and 2.42 ng/m^3 in Xinglong) and aromatic aldehydes(3.62 ng/m^3 in Beijing and 0.681 ng/m^3 in Xinglong).In terms of seasonal variation,the highest concentrations were found for 4-nitrocatechol in winter in Beijing(79.1±63.9 ng/m^3) and 4-nitrophenol in winter in Xinglong(9.72±8.94 ng/m^3).The analysis also revealed diurnal variations across different *** compounds presented higher concentrations at night in winter because of the decreased boundary layer height and increased heating *** some presented higher levels during the day,which attributed to the photo-oxidation process for summer and more biomass burning activities for *** concentrations appeared in winter and autumn than in spring and summer,which resulted from more coal combustions and adverse meteorological *** significant correlations among NACs indicated similar sources of *** correlations presented within each subgroup than those between the *** correlations between levoglucosan and nitrophenols,nitrocatechols,nitro salicylic acids,with correlation coefficients(r) of 0.66,0.69 and 0.69,respectively,indicating an important role of biomass burning among primary sources.

关键词： Derivated phenols Diurnal and seasonal variations Correlation analysis North China plain PM2.5

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Structural Study on Four co-Crystals of N-Containing Heteroaromatics with Iodofluorobenzene

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2015年第1期31卷 84-90页

作者： ji Baoming DENG dongsheng WANG Weizhou WANG Ke HE Mengli College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Luoyang Normal University Luoyang 471022 P. R. China

N-Containing heteroaromatics 1,2,4,5-tetra（pyridin-3-yl）benzene[1,2,4,5-T（3-PY）B] and 1,2,4,5-tetra（pyridin-4-yl）benzene[1,2,4,5-T（4-PY）B] were each co-crystallized with 1,2-diiodo-tetrafluoro-benzene（1,2-DITFB）, or 1,4-diiodo-tetrafluoro-benzene（1,4-DITFB）, respectively, generating four co-crystals, namely, （1,2-DITFB）4 [1,2,4,5-T（3-PY）B]（1）, （1,2-DITFB）4.[ 1,2,4,5-T（4-PY）B]（2）, （1,4-DITFB）2.[1,2,4,5-T（3-PY）B]-CHCI3（3）, and （1,4-DITFB）-[1,2,4,5-T（4-PY）B]2CHCI3（4）. This study takes aim at providing an insight into the relative importance of fundamental solid state halogen bonding interactions（i.e., halogen..N, halogen,..halogen, and halogen...π in systems. The effects of the donor and acceptor on supramolecular assembly and the crystal structure determined interactions were discussed. The N...I halogen bonds are the main directing interactions responsible for the observed structures. In compounds 1 and 2, the donors exhibited lower-than-expected supramolecular connectivity. In spite of this, co-crystal 2 exhibits polymeric structures consisting of infinite one-dimensional（1D） double-zigzag chains of alternating electron donor and acceptor. The basic structure of co-crystals 3 and 4 is also infinite 1D chain. Therefore, the ID halogen bonded supramolecular assemblies can be obtained by matching the appropriate donor and acceptor.

关键词： Self-assembly co-Crystal Halogen bond Crystal structure

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Characterization of volatile organic compounds in the urban area of Beijing from 2000 to 2007

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第1期24卷 95-101页

作者： Yuesi Wang Xiyan Ren dongsheng ji Junqang Zhang jie Sun Fankun Wu State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10083China

Beijing is one of the most polluted cities in the *** this study,the long-term and continuous measurements of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in the urban area of Beijing,specifically at Beijing 325 m Meteorological Tower,were conducted from 2000 to *** annual record of VOC trends exhibited in two different phases was separated in *** show that VOC concentrations increased from 2000 to 2003 due to the abrupt increase in vehicle ***,since 2003,there had been a decrease in VOCs concentrations as the policy on gasoline and air pollution was ***,benzene,and i-pentane are the chemicals that abound in and are directly related to vehicle activity,such as in vehicle exhaust and gasoline ***,records indicate that there had been seasonal variation in VOCs levels in that VOCs level in summer is higher than that in *** such,temperature is considered to significantly contribute to VOCs in *** also show that VOCs level was high in the morning and during rush hours in the *** contrast,VOCs level was low during midday due to photochemical destruction with OH radical and dilution *** this study,a particular benzene to toluene ratio range （0.4–1.0） was used as the indicator of air propelled by vehicular *** also applied the correlation coefficients between BTEX and i-pentane to evaluate evaporation influence to ambient BTEX in the Beijing urban area.

关键词： VOCs air pollution continuous measurements variations BTEX benzene to toluene ratio

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Improving simulations of sulfate aerosols during winter haze over Northern China： the impacts of heterogeneous oxidation by NO2

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第5期10卷 165-175页

作者： Meng Gao Gregory R. Carmichael Yuesi Wang dongsheng ji Zirui Liu Zifa Wang Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

We implemented the online coupled WRF-Chem model to reproduce the 2013 January haze event in North China, and evaluated simulated meteorological and chemical fields using multiple observations. The comparisons suggest that temperature and relative humidity （RH） were simulated well （mean biases are 0.2K and 2.7%, respectively）, but wind speeds were overestimated （mean bias is 0.5 m.s -1）. At the Beijing station, sulfur dioxide （SO2） concentrations were overpredicted and sulfhte concentrations were largely underpredicted, which may result from uncertainties in SO2 emissions and missing heterogeneous oxidation in current model. We conducted three parallel experiments to examine the impacts of doubling SO2 emissions and incorporating heterogeneous oxidation of dissolved SO2 by nitrogen dioxide （NO2） on sulfate formation during winter haze. The results suggest that doubling SO2 emissions do not significantly affect sulthte concentrations, but adding heterogeneous oxidation of dissolved SO2 by NO, substantially improve simulations of sulfate and other inorganic aerosols. Although the enhanced SO2 to sulfate conversion in the HetS （heterogeneous oxidation by NO2） case reduces SO2 concentrations, it is still largely overestimated by the model, indicating the overestimations of SO2 concentrations in the North China Plain （NCP） are mostly due to errors in SO2 emission inventory.

关键词： Sulfate aerosols Winter haze WRF-Chem Northern China

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Characterization of Organic Aerosols in Beijing Using an Aerodyne High-Resolution Aerosol Mass Spectrometer

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第6期32卷 877-888页

作者： ZHANG Junke WANG Yuesi HUANG Xiaojuan LIU Zirui ji dongsheng SUN Yang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Fine particle of organic aerosol （OA）, mostly arising from pollution, are abundant in Beijing. To achieve a better un- derstanding of the difference in OA in summer and autumn, a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer （HR- ToF-AMS, Aerodyne Research Inc., USA） was deployed in urban Beijing in August and October 2012. The mean OA mass concentration in autumn was 30 4-30 μg m-3, which was higher than in summer （13 4-6.9 μg m-3）. The elemental anal- ysis found that OA was more aged in summer （oxygen-to-carbon （O/C） ratios were 0.41 and 0.32 for summer and autumn, respectively）. Positive matrix factorization （PMF） analysis identified three and five components in summer and autumn, re- spectively. In summer, an oxygenated OA （OOA）, a cooking-emission-related OA （COA）, and a hydrocarbon-like OA （HOA） were indentified. Meanwhile, the OOA was separated into LV-OOA （low-volatility OOA） and SV-OOA （semi-volatile OOA）; and in autumn, a nitrogen-containing OA （NOA） was also found. The SOA （secondary OA） was always the most important OA component, accounting for 55% of the OA in the two seasons. Back trajectory clustering analysis found that the origin of the air masses was more complex in summer. Southerly air masses in both seasons were associated with the highest OA loading, while northerly air masses were associated with the lowest OA loading. A preliminary study of OA components, especially the POA （primary OA）, in different periods found that the HOA and COA all decreased during the National Day holiday period, and HOA decreased at weekends compared with weekdays.

关键词： organic aerosol aerosol mass spectrometer positive matrix factorization seasonal difference

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Characterization of submicron particles during autumn in Beijing,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第1期30卷 16-27页

作者： Peng Xu Junke Zhang dongsheng ji Zirui Liu Guiqian Tang Changsheng jiang Yuesi Wang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and EnvironmentSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China

In this study, we performed a highly time-resolved chemical characterization of nonrefractory submicron particles（NR-PM_1） in Beijing by using an Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer（HR-ToF-AMS）. The results showed the average NR-PM_1 mass concentration to be 56.4 ± 58.0 μg/m^3, with a peak at 307.4 μg/m^3. Due to the high frequency of biomass burning in autumn, submicron particles significantly increased in organic content, which accounted for 51% of NR-PM_1 on average. Secondary inorganic aerosols（sulfate ＋ nitrate ＋ ammonium） accounted for 46% of NR-PM_1, of which sulfate,nitrate, and ammonium contributed 15%, 20%, and 11%, respectively. To determine the intrinsic relationships between the organic and inorganic species, we used the positive matrix factorization（PMF） model to merge the high-resolution mass spectra of the organic species and NO＋and NO_2~＋ions. The PMF analysis separated the mixed organic and nitrate（NO＋and NO_2~＋） spectra into four organic factors, including hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol（HOA）, oxygenated organic aerosol（OOA）, cooking organic aerosol（COA）, and biomass burning organic aerosol（BBOA）, as well as one nitrate inorganic aerosol（NIA） factor. COA（33%） and OOA（30%） contributed the most to the total organic aerosol（OA） mass, followed by BBOA（20%） and HOA（17%）. We successfully quantified the mass concentrations of the organic and inorganic nitrates by the NO＋and NO2＋ions signal in the organic and NIA factors. The organic nitrate mass varied from 0.01-6.8 μg/m^3, with an average of 1.0 ±1.1 μg/m^3, and organic nitrate components accounted for 10% of the total nitrate mass in this observation.

关键词： Submicron particles Biomass burning Source apportionment Organic and inorganic nitrates

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Significant contribution of secondary particulate matter to recurrent air pollution:Evidence from in situ observation in the most polluted city of Fen-Wei Plain of China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第4期34卷 422-433页

作者： Yu Liu Xiaojuan Xu Xiaoyang Yang Jun He Wenjie Zhang Xingang Liu dongsheng ji Yuesi Wang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Atmosphere Sub-Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100191China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Natural Resources and Environment Research Group Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100China State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Particulate matter(PM_(2.5))pollution in high emission regions will affect air quality,human health and climate change on both local and regional scales,and thus attract worldwide *** this study,a comprehensive study on PM_(2.5)and its chemical composition were performed in Yuncheng(the most polluted city of Fen-Wei Plain of China)from November28,2020 to January 24,*** average concentration of PM_(2.5)was 87.8±52.0μg/m^(3),which were apparently lower than those observed during the same periods of past five years,attributable to the clean air action plan implemented in this ***_(3)^(-)and organic carbon(OC)were the dominant particulate components,which on average contributed 22.6%and16.5%to PM_(2.5)2.5,*** fractions of NO_(3)^(-),NH_(4)^(+),OC and trace metals increased while those of crustal materials and elemental carbon decreased with the degradation of PM_(2.5)*** types of PM_(2.5)sources were identified by the PM_(2.5)F model,including secondary inorganic aerosol(35.3%),coal combustion(28.7%),vehicular emission(20.7%),electroplating industry(8.6%),smelt industry(3.9%)and dust(2.8%).Locations of each identified source were pinpointed based on conditional probability function,potential source contribution function and concentration weighted trajectory,which showed that the geographical distribution of the sources of PM_(2.5)roughly agreed with the areas of high ***,this study provides valuable information on atmospheric pollution and deems beneficial for policymakers to take informed action to sustainably improve air quality in highly polluted region.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Fen-Wei plain Chemical compositions Secondary particulate Source apportionment

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Impacts of strong El Ninon summertime near-surface ozone over China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2022年第4期15卷 13-18页

作者： Mengyun Li Yang Yang Pinya Wang dongsheng ji Hong Liao jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The influences of strong El Nino events(1997/98 and 2015/16)on summertime near-surface ozone(O_(3))concentrations over China are investigated using the GEOS-Chem *** results show that near-surface O_(3) concentrations increased by a maximum of 6 ppb(parts per billion)during the summer of the developing phase of the 1997/98 El Nino in northeastern China,mainly due to the increased chemical production related to the hot and dry ***,the O_(3) concentration increased by 3 ppb during the developing summer of both the 1997/98 and 2015/16 El Nino in southern *** was linked to the weakened prevailing monsoon winds,which led to the accumulation of O_(3) in southern *** contrast,in the summer of the decaying phase of the two El Nino events,O_(3) concentrations decreased over many regions of China when the El Nino reversed to the cooling *** highlights that El Nino plays an important role in modulating near-surface O_(3) concentrations over China.

关键词： El Nino Ozone GEOS-Chem

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Meteorological mechanism for a large-scale persistent severe ozone pollution event over eastern China in 2017

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第6期32卷 187-199页

作者： jia Mao Lili Wang Chuhan Lu jingda Liu Mingge Li Guiqian Tang dongsheng ji Nan Zhang Yuesi Wang Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Edvcation/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing100029China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Hebei Province Meteorological Observatory Shijiazhuang050022China

An intensive and persistent regional ozone pollution event occurred over eastern China from 25 June to 5 July 2017.73 out of 96 selected cities,most located in the Beijing-TianjinHebei and the surrounding area(BTHS),suffered severe ozone pollution.A north-south contrast ozone distribution,with higher ozone(199±33μg/m3)in the BTHS and lower ozone(118±25μg/m^3)in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD),was found to be dominated by the position of the West Pacific Subtropical High(WPSH)and mid-high latitude wave *** the BTHS,the positive anomalies of geopotential height at 500 hPa and temperature at the surface indicated favorable meteorological conditions for local ozone *** northwesterly winds in the mid-high troposphere and warm advection induced by weak southerly winds in the low troposphere resulted in low-moderate relative humidity(RH),less total cloud cover(TGC),strong solar radiation and high ***,southerly winds prevailing over the BTHS aggravated the pollution due to regional transportation of O3 and its *** one hand,the deep sinking motion and inversion layer suppressed the dispersion of *** the other hand,O3-rich air in the upper layer was maintained at night due to temperature inversion,which facilitated O3 vertical transport to the surface in the next-day morning due to elevated ***,temperature,UV radiation,and RH showed good correlations with O3 in the BTHS,with rates of 8.51(μg/m^3)/℃(within the temperature range of 20-38℃),59.54(μg/m^3)/(MJ/m^2)and-1.93(μg/m^3)/%,respectively.

关键词： Surface ozone Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding area Synoptic patterns Western Pacific subtropical high Meteorological conditions Inversion layer

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Volcanism Pacing Slumping Gravity Flow Deposits during the Late Carboniferous in the Southern Margin of the Junggar Basin,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第5期97卷 1422-1450页

作者： LI Shixin ZHANG Tingshan ZHANG Xi LIANG Zeliang ji dongsheng Mihai Emilian POPA YONG jinjie LUO jinyu ZENG jianli ZHU Haihua School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Natural Gas Geology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company KaramayXinjiang 834000China Faculty of Geology and Geophysics University of BucharestBucharest 010041Romania

Deep-water gravity depositional processes and evolution in arc systems have become topics of intense research focus in recent *** study discusses the co-evolution of volcanism and deep-water gravity flow deposits at the southern margin of the Junggar Basin,based on petrology,geochronology and geochemical *** results show that a massive collapse of unstable sediments from the slope was triggered by volcanism,resulting in the formation of slumping gravity *** occurrence of volcanic beds in the slump deposits confirm that synchronous volcanism likely affected sediment instability,triggering gravity *** Th/Yb,Ta/Yb and Th/Ta elemental ratios,U-Pb ages of detrital zircons and paleocurrent directions indicate that the North Tianshan(NTS)island arc represents the provenance of the Qianxia ***,statistical data on the pyroclastic components in the gravity flow deposits reveal an intensity index of volcanism,indicating that volcanism is strongly related to gravity flow deposits,especially in terms of the type and distribution of the deposits.A model for volcanically-triggered deep-water gravity flow deposits is established,in order to provide a more in-depth understanding of the co-evolution of volcanism and gravity flow deposits within the depositional setting of the late Paleozoic NTS oceanic subduction margin in the Junggar Basin.

关键词： volcanism trigger gravity flow deposits island arc Qianxia Formation Junggar Basin

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