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INTERANNUAL ANOMALY IN TROPICAL CYCLONE FREQUENCY AROUND KOREA BY WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC MONSOON

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2015年第2期4卷 49-63页

作者： JAE-WON CHOI SEUNG-WOOK LEE jeoung-yun kim National Institute of Meteorological Sciences

In this study, the correlation between the frequency of summer tropical cyclones(TC) affecting areas around Korea over the last 37 years and the western North Pacifi c monsoon index(WNPMI) was analyzed. A clear positive correlation existed between the two variables, and this high positive correlation remained unchanged even when excluding El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) years. To investigate the causes of the positive correlation between these two variables, ENSO years were excluded, after which the 8 years with the highest WNPMI(strong WNPM phase) and the 8 years with the lowest WNPMI(weak WNPM phase) were selected, and the average difference between the two phases was *** the strong WNPM phase, TCs usually occurred in the eastern waters of the tropical and subtropical western North Pacifi c, and tended to pass the East China Sea on their way north toward Korea and Japan. In the weak WNPM phase, TCs usually occurred in the western waters of the tropical and subtropical western North Pacifi c, and tended to pass the South China Sea on their way west toward the southeastern Chinese coast and the Indochina peninsula. Therefore, TC intensity was higher in the strong WNPM phase, during which TCs are able to gain suffi cient energy from the sea while moving a long distance to areas nearby Korea. TCs also tended to occur more often in the strong WNPM *** the difference between the two phases regarding 850 h Pa and 500 h Pa streamline, anomalous cyclones were reinforced in the tropical and subtropical western North Pacifi c, while anomalous anticyclones were reinforced in mid-latitude East Asian areas. Due to these two anomalous pressure systems, anomalous southeasterlies developed in areas near Korea, with these anomalous southeasterlies playing the role of anomalous steering fl ows making the TCs head toward areas near Korea. Also, due to the anomalous cyclones developed in the tropical and subtropical western North Pacifi c, more TCs could occur in the s

关键词： tropical cyclone western North Pacific monsoon El Nino-Southern Oscillation Korea

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Factors affecting length of stay according to bronchopulmonary dysplasia severity:a nationwide cohort study in Korea

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 470-480页

作者： Hye Mi Lee Jeongmin Shin Sae yun kim So Young kim Department of Pediatrics College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Pediatrics Yeouido St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea1063-roYeongdeungpo-guSeoul07345Republic of Korea

Background Longer hospitalizations for preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)delay developmental outcomes,increase the risk for hospital-acquired complications,and exert a substantial socioeconomic *** study aimed to identify factors associated with an extended length of stay(LOS)at different levels of severity of *** A cohort study was conducted using the Korean Neonatal Network registry of very low birth weight infants with BPD between 2013 and 2017 through retrospective *** A total of 4263 infants were diagnosed with *** mild BPD,infants requiring surgical treatment for patent ductus arteriosus needed a longer LOS[eadjustedβcoefficients(adjβ)1.041;95%confidence interval(CI):0.01–0.08]and hydrocephalus(eadjβ1.094;95%CI 0.01–0.17).In moderate BPD,infants administered steroids or with intraventricular hemorrhage required a longer LOS(eadjβ1.041;95%CI 0.00–0.07 and eadjβ1.271;95%CI 0.11–0.38,respectively).In severe BPD,infants with comorbidities required a longer LOS:pulmonary hypertension(eadjβ1.174;95%CI 0.09–0.23),administrated steroid for BPD(eadjβ1.116;95%CI 0.07–0.14),sepsis(eadjβ1.062;95%CI 0.01–0.11),patent ductus arteriosus requiring surgical ligation(eadjβ1.041;95%CI 0.00–0.08),and intraventricular hemorrhage(eadjβ1.016;95%CI 0.05–0.26).Additionally,the higher the clinical risk index score,the longer the LOS needed for infants in all *** The factors affecting LOS differed according to the severity of *** approaches to reducing LOS may be devised using knowledge of the various risk factors affecting LOS by BPD severity.

关键词： Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Length of stay Very low birth weight

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Ag-GST/HfO_(x)-based unidirectional threshold switching selector with low leakage current and threshold voltage distribution for high-density cross-point arrays

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 280-288页

作者： Kyoung-Joung Yoo Dae-yun Kang Nahyun kim Ho-Jin Lee Ta-Hyeong kim Taeho kim Tae Geun kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

The use of electrochemical-metallization-based volatile threshold switching selectors in cross-point arrays has been widely explored owing to their high on-off ratios and simple ***,these devices are unsuitable for cross-point architectures because of the difficulty in controlling the random filament formation that results in large fluctuations in the threshold voltage during *** this study,we investigated the unidirectional threshold transition characteristics associated with an Ag/GST/HfO_(x)/Pt-based bilayer selector and demonstrated the occurrence of a low leakage current(<1×10^(-11) A) and low distribution of the threshold voltage(Δ0.11 V).The bilayer structure could control the filament formation in the intermediate state through the insertion of an HfO_(x) tunneling *** stacking a bilayer selector with NiO_(x)based resistive random-access memory,the leakage and programming currents of the device could be significantly *** the crossbar array configuration,we performed equivalent circuit analysis of a one-selector oneresistor(1S1R) devices and estimated the optimal array size to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed *** maximum acceptable crossbar array size of the 1S1R device with the Ag/GST/HfO_(x)/Pt/Ti/NiO_(x)/Pt structure was 5.29×10^(14)(N^(2),N=2.3×10^(7)).

关键词： Selector device Tunneling barrier Threshold switching Sputtering 1S1R Cross-point array

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Health risks of pest control and disinfection workers after the COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 350-363页

作者： yun-Hee Choi Da-An Huh Lita kim Sang ji Lee Kyong Whan Moon Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science Korea UniversityAnam-ro 145Seongbuk-guSeoul 02841South Korea BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System Korea UniversityAnam-ro 145Seongbuk-guSeoul 02841South Korea Institute of Sciences Korea UniversityAnam-ro 145Seongbuk-guSeoul 02841South Korea Department of Health and Environmental Science Korea UniversityAnam-ro 145Seongbuk-guSeoul 02841South Korea

The exposure patterns of pest control and disinfection workers have changed after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak,but the health risks of chemical exposure have not been *** identified these workers’chemical exposure patterns and risks before and after the COVID-19 *** used data conducted between 2018(pre-pandemic)and 2021(post-pandemic)from three-year cross-sectional surveys on pest control and disinfection *** and dermal exposure concentrations were estimated using equations based on a biocidal product risk assessment model from the Korean National Institute of Environmental *** non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of chemicals were calculated using the United States Environmental Protection Agency risk assessment *** found that the annual work frequency(50^(th)percentile)of foggers using disinfectants increased the most among all the work types,from 140 uses/year to 176 uses/year after the COVID-19 ***,all chemicals’non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks increased regardless of exposure *** the worst scenario(95^(th)percentile),the margin of exposure for citric acid,benzethonium chloride,benzyl-C12-16-alkyldimethyl chlorides,and sodium chlorite of inhalation exposure,and isopropyl alcohol and benzyl-C12-16-alkyldimethyl chlorides of dermal exposure were acceptable(>100)before the COVID-19outbreak but became unacceptable(10^(-6))before and after the COVID-19 outbreak but comparatively high after the COVID-19 ***,significantly more workers experienced health symptoms after the COVID-19outbreak(p<0.05),with the most common being muscle lethargy(31%),skin/face stinging(28.7%),and breath shortness/neck pain(24.1%).

关键词： Biocide Disinfection Health risk assessment Occupational exposure Pest control

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Stable immobilization of lithium polysulfides using three-dimensional ordered mesoporous Mn_(2)O_(3) as the host material in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 99-112页

作者： Sung Joon Park yun Jeong Choi Hyun-seung kim Min Joo Hong Hongjun Chang Janghyuk Moon Young-Jun kim Junyoung Mun Ki Jae kim Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Advanced Batteries Research Center Korea Electronic Technology InstituteSeongnamRepublic of Korea Department of Future Energy Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Systems Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)have drawn significant attention owing to their high theoretical discharge capacity and energy ***,the dissolution of long-chain polysulfides into the electrolyte during the charge and discharge process(“shuttle effect”)results in fast capacity fading and inferior electrochemical *** this study,Mn_(2)O_(3)with an ordered mesoporous structure(OM-Mn_(2)O_(3))was designed as a cathode host for LSBs via KIT-6 hard templating,to effectively inhibit the polysulfide shuttle ***-Mn_(2)O_(3)offers numerous pores to confine sulfur and tightly anchor the dissolved polysulfides through the combined effects of strong polar-polar interactions,polysulfides,and sulfur chain *** OM-Mn_(2)O_(3)/S composite electrode delivered a discharge capacity of 561 mAh g^(-1) after 250 cycles at 0.5 C owing to the excellent performance of OM-Mn_(2)O_(3).Furthermore,it retained a discharge capacity of 628mA h g^(-1) even at a rate of 2 C,which was significantly higher than that of a pristine sulfur electrode(206mA h g^(-1)).These findings provide a prospective strategy for designing cathode materials for high-performance LSBs.

关键词： host material lithium-sulfur battery ordered mesoporous structure shuttle effect transition-metal oxides

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Correlation between hydration properties and electrochemical performances on Ln cation size effect in layered perovskite for protonic ceramic fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 1-9,I0001页

作者： Inhyeok Cho Jiwon yun Boseok Seong Junseok kim Sun Hee Choi Ho-Il Ji Sihyuk Choi Department of Mechanical Engineering Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumi 39177GyeongbukRepublic of Korea Department of Aeronautics Mechanical and Electronic Convergence EngineeringKumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumi 39177GyeongbukRepublic of Korea Center for Energy Materials Research Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Center for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Clean Technology Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Nanomaterials Science and Engineering Korea University of Science and Technology(UST)KIST CampusSeoul 02792Republic of Korea

PrBa_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(1.5)Fe_(0.5)O_(5+δ)(PrBSCF) has attracted much research interest as a potential triple ionic and electronic conductor(TIEC) electrode for protonic ceramic fuel cells(PCFCs). The chemical formula for Pr BSCF is AA'B_(2)O_(5+δ), with Pr(A-site) and Ba/Sr(A'-site) alternately stacked along the c-axis. Due to these structural features, the bulk oxygen ion diffusivity is significantly enhanced through the disorder-free channels in the PrO layer;thus, the A site cations(lanthanide ions) play a pivotal role in determining the overall electrochemical properties of layered perovskites. Consequently, previous research has predominantly focused on the electrical properties and oxygen bulk/surface kinetics of Ln cation effects,whereas the hydration properties for PCFC systems remain unidentified. Here, we thoroughly examined the proton uptake behavior and thermodynamic parameters for the hydration reaction to conclusively determine the changes in the electrochemical performances depending on LnBa_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(1.5)Fe_(0.5)O_(5+δ)(LnBSCF,Ln=Pr, Nd, and Gd) cathodes. At 500 ℃, the quantitative proton concentration of PrBSCF was 2.04 mol% and progressively decreased as the Ln cation size decreased. Similarly, the Gibbs free energy indicated that less energy was required for the formation of protonic defects in the order of Pr BSCF < Nd BSCF < Gd BSCF. To elucidate the close relationship between hydration properties and electrochemical performances in LnBSCF cathodes, PCFC single cell measurements and analysis of the distribution of relaxation time were further investigated.

关键词： Protonic ceramic fuel cell Cathode Triple ionic and electronic conductor Hydration property Proton uptake Gibbs free energy

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Hydrogels for active photonics

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-16页

作者： Byoungsu Ko Nara Jeon Jaekyung kim Hyunjung Kang Junhwa Seong Suhyeon yun Trevon Badloe Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Conventional photonic devices exhibit static optical properties that are design-dependent,including the material’s refractive index and geometrical ***,they still possess attractive optical responses for applications and are already exploited in devices across various *** photonics has emerged as a promising solution in the field of active photonics by providing primarily deformable geometric parameters in response to external *** the past few years,various studies have been undertaken to attain stimuli-responsive photonic devices with tunable optical ***,we focus on the recent advancements in hydrogel-based photonics and micro/nanofabrication techniques for *** particular,fabrication techniques for hydrogel photonic devices are categorized into film growth,photolithography(PL),electron-beam lithography(EBL),and nanoimprint lithography(NIL).Furthermore,we provide insights into future directions and prospects for deformable hydrogel photonics,along with their potential practical applications.

关键词： lithography photonics attractive

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Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein(N-WASP)promotes distant metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via activation of LOXL2

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Oncology Research 2024年第4期32卷 615-624页

作者： HyunG SUN kim yun SUN LEE SEUNG MyunG DONG HYO JUNG kim DA EUN LEE HYEON WOONG KANG MYEONG JIN kim JOON SEONG PARK Department of Surgery Gangnam Severance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Surgery Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Gibiome Co. Ltd.Gyeonggi-doKorea

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is one of the most aggressive solid malignancies.A specific mechanism of its metastasis has not been *** this study,we investigated whether Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein(N-WASP)plays a role in distant metastasis of *** found that N-WASP is markedly expressed in clinical patients with *** analysis showed a notably more distant metastatic pattern in the N-WASP-high group compared to the N-WASP-low group.N-WASP was noted to be a novel mediator of epithelialmesenchymal transition(EMT)via gene expression profile *** of N-WASP in pancreatic cancer cells significantly inhibited cell invasion,migration,and *** also observed positive association of lysyl oxidase-like 2(LOXL2)and focal adhesion kinase(FAK)with the N-WASP-mediated response,wherein EMT and invadopodia function were *** N-WASP and LOXL2 depletion significantly reduced the incidence of liver and lung metastatic lesions in orthotopic mouse models of pancreatic *** results elucidate a novel role for N-WASP signaling associated with LOXL2 in EMT and invadopodia function,with respect to regulation of intercellular communication in tumor cells for promoting pancreatic cancer *** findings may aid in the development of therapeutic strategies against pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein(N-WASP)signaling Metastasis Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) Lysyl oxidase-like 2(LOXL2)

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Surface-functionalized hole-selective monolayer for high efficiency single-junction wide-bandgap and monolithic tandem perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 317-326,I0008页

作者： Devthade Vidyasagar Yeonghun yun Jae Yu Cho Hyemin Lee Kyung Won kim Yong Tae kim Sung Woong Yang Jina Jung Won Chang Choi Seonu kim Rajendra Kumar Gunasekaran Seok Beom Kang Kwang Heo Dong Hoe kim Jaeyeong Heo Sangwook Lee School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Optoelectronics Convergence Research CenterChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea

Carbazole moiety-based 2PACz([2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid)self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)are excellent hole-selective contact(HSC)materials with abilities to excel the charge-transferdynamics of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,we report a facile but powerful method to functionalize the surface of 2PACz-SAM,by which reproducible,highly stable,high-efficiency wide-bandgap PSCs can be *** 2PACz surface treatment with various donor number solvents improves assembly of 2PACz-SAM and leave residual surface-bound solvent molecules on 2PACz-SAM,which increases perovskite grain size,retards halide segregation,and accelerates hole *** surface functionalization achieves a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 17.62%for a single-junction wide-bandgap(~1.77 e V)*** also demonstrate a monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cell using surfaceengineered HSC,showing high PCE of 24.66%with large open-circuit voltage of 2.008 V and high fillfactor of 81.45%.Our results suggest this simple approach can further improve the tandem device,when coupled with a high-performance narrow-bandgap sub-cell.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells 2PACz Monolithic tandem solar cells Wide bandgap

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Ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract attenuates particulate matter-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in keratinocytes and zebrafish

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第4期14卷 137-146页

作者： Wook Chul kim Ji-Won Park Bohyun yun WonWoo Lee Kyung-Min Choi Seung-Hong Lee Department of Medical Science Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea Honam National Institute of Biological Resources 99Gohadoan-gilMokpo-siJeollanam-do 58762Republic of Korea Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea

Objective:To evaluate the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction derived from Sargassum pallidum extract against particulate matter(PM)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in HaCaT cells and ***:HaCaT cells and zebrafish were used to evaluate the protective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract against PM-induced oxidative stress and *** production of nitric oxide(NO),intracellular ROS,prostaglandin E_(2)(PGE_(2)),and pro-inflammatory cytokines,and the expression levels of COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κB were evaluated in PM-induced HaCaT ***,the levels of ROS,NO,and lipid peroxidation were assessed in the PM-exposed zebrafish ***:The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract significantly decreased the production of NO,intracellular ROS,and PGE_(2) in PM-induced HaCaT *** addition,the fraction markedly suppressed the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited the expression levels of COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κ***,it displayed remarkable protective effects against PM-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress,represented by the reduction of NO,ROS,and lipid peroxidation in ***:The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract exhibits a protective effect against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation both in vitro and in vivo and has the potential as a candidate for the development of pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical products.

关键词： Particulate matter Inflammation Oxidative stress Sargassum pallidum Ethyl acetate fraction Zebrafish

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