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Exercise and exerkine upregulation:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a potential non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease

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BIOCELL 2024年第5期48卷 693-706页

作者： VIRAAJ VISHNU PRASAD jennifer sally samson VENKATACHALAM DEEPA PARVATHI Department of Biomedical Sciences Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and ResearchChennai600116India

Physical activity and exercise have several beneficial roles in enhancing both physiological and psychological well-being of an *** addition to aiding the regulation of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism,exercise can stimulate the synthesis of exerkine hormones in the circulatory *** several exerkines that have been investigated for their therapeutic potential,Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is considered the most promising candidate,especially in the management of neurodegenerative *** to the ability of physical activity to enhance BDNF synthesis,several experimental studies conducted so far have validated this hypothesis and produced satisfactory results at the pre-clinical *** review highlights some of the recent animal model studies that have evaluated the efficiency of exercise in enhancing BDNF synthesis and promoting neuroprotective ***,this review focuses on understanding the therapeutic benefits of exercise-induced exerkine synthesis as a non-pharmacological strategy in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Regarding physical activity and exerkine induction,the neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)strategy could be considered as an alternate treatment modality for patients affected with PD.

关键词： Exercise therapy Dopaminergic neurons Parkinson’s disease Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Electrical stimulation

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An unprecedented outbreak investigation for nosocomial and community-acquired legionellosis in Hong Kong

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第23期125卷 4283-4290页

作者： CHENG Vincent Chi-chung WONG samson Sai-yin CHEN Jonathan Hon-kwan CHAN Jasper Fuk-woo TO Kelvin Kai-wang POON Rosana Wing-shan WONG sally Cheuk-ying CHAN Kwok-hung TAI Josepha Wai-ming HO Pak-leung TSANG Thomas Ho-fai YUEN Kwok-yung Department of Microbiology Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China Infection Control Team Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China Centre for Health Protection Department of Health Hong Kong China

Background The environmental sources associated with community-acquired or nosocomial legionellosis were not always detectable in the mainland of China and Hong Kong, China. The objective of this study was to illustrate the control measures implemented for nosocomial and community outbreaks of legionellosis, and to understand the environmental distribution of legionella in the water system in Hong Kong, China. Methods We investigated the environmental sources of two cases of legionellosis acquired in the hospital and the community by extensive outbreak investigation and sampling of the potable water system using culture and genetic testing at the respective premises. Results The diagnosis of nosocomial legionellosis was suspected in a patient presenting with nosocomial pneumonia not responsive to multiple beta-lactam antibiotics with subsequent confirmation by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 antigenuria. High counts of Legionella pneumophila were detected in the potable water supply of the 70-year-old hospital building. Another patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis presenting with acute community-acquired pneumonia and severe diarrhoea was positive for Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） testing on both sputum and nasopharyngeal aspirate despite negative antigenuria. Paradoxically the source of the second case was traced to the water system of a newly commissioned office building complex. No further cases were detected after shock hyperchlorination with or without superheating of the water systems. Subsequent legionella counts were drastically reduced. Point-of-care infection control by off-boiled or sterile water for mouth care and installation of water filter for showers in the hospital wards for immunocompromised patients was instituted. Territory wide investigation of the community potable water supply showed that 22.1% of the household water supply was positive at a mean legionella count of 108.56 CFU/ml （rang

关键词： outbreak nosocomial legionellosis community-acquired legionellosis

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Marital Status and HIV Prevalence in Nigeria: Implications for Effective Prevention Programmes for Women

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2013年第3期3卷 210-218页

作者： samson B. Adebayo Richard I. Olukolade Omokhudu Idogho jennifer Anyanti Augustine Ankomah The Society for Family Health Abuja Nigeria 2National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control Abuja Nigeria

Objective: Until recently, HIV prevalence has been based on estimates from antenatal sentinel surveys which have been found to overestimate HIV prevalence among the general population. Multiple studies have shown women to be disproportionately affected by HIV and AIDS epidemic. Design: Data for this study were based on the first Nigerian population household-based HIV biomarker survey of 2007, which used a multi-stage probability sampling technique. Methods: Respondents were selected through probability sampling (male age 15 - 64 years and female 15 - 49 years). This paper, therefore, examined the correlates of marital status and HIV prevalence among women in Nigeria. Results: A descriptive analysis of the data showed that HIV prevalence of women that were formerly married: divorced, separated or widowed were more than double that of those who were currently married/cohabiting with a sexual partner;and more than three times those that were never married. Bivariate and multivariate levels of analysis were explored in this paper. At bivariate level, findings showed a significant difference in HIV prevalence among women according to their marital status (p 0.0001), educational attainment (p = 0.004) and geo-political zones (p = 0.003). Respondents that were formerly married were 5.6 times as likely to be infected with HIV compared with those who had never married (OR = 5.6, p 0.0001) while HIV prevalence increased with higher educational attainment. Conclusion: In view of these findings, HIV programmers should design interventions that will improve economic empowerment as well as social security for women that were formerly married. In addition, gender mainstreaming in the ongoing HIV and AIDS preventive efforts should be strengthened and scaled-up.

关键词： Early Marriage Sexual Initiation HIV Prevalence Marital Status Formerly Married

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A Comparison Study of Phenolic Contents and <i>in Vitro</i>Antioxidant Activities of Australian Grown Faba Beans (<i>Vicia faba</i>L.) Varying in Seed Coat Colours as Affected by Extraction Solvents

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2019年第6期10卷 227-245页

作者： Siem Doo Siah samson Agboola jennifer A. Wood Izabela Konczak Christopher L. Blanchard Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute Wagga Wagga Australia Australian Export Grains Innovation Centre (AEGIC) North Ryde NSW Australia School of Biomedical Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga Australia Food Futures Flagship CSIRO Animal Food and Health Sciences North Ryde NSW Australia School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga Australia Tamworth Agricultural Institute NSW Department of Primary Industries Calala Australia Food Science and Technology School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney Australia ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Functional Grains Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga NSW Australia

Twelve Australian grown faba bean genotypes with seed colour ranging from white, different shades of buff/beige, green, red and purple, were extracted using 80% methanol (v/v) or 70% acetone (v/v). The findings showed that commonly consumed buff-coloured genotypes have comparable phenolic contents and antioxidant activities to those with exotic seed coat colour (red, green and purple). In general, the extraction yield for methanol and acetone extracts of faba bean genotypes were similar. However, the acetone extracts of faba bean varieties with coloured seed coats exhibited higher antioxidant activities than their methanol extracts counterparts. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of the genotypes were compared in an array of chemical-based assays and profiled using an on-line high-performance liquid chromatography-post column derivatization (HPLC-PCD) system. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of acetone extracts were approximately twice those of methanol extracts. The acetone extracts contained six times higher levels of di(phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) imi- noazanium radical scavenging activity (DPPH), six times higher Total Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and two times higher Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) than those of methanol extracts. In general, the methanol extracts of white-coloured faba bean genotype exhibited comparable phenolic contents and antioxidant activities to varieties with coloured seed coats. However, the TPC, TFC, DPPH, TEAC and FRAP of acetone extracts from white-coloured genotype were 2 - 4, 1 - 2, 5 - 9, 2 - 3 and 1 - 2 times lower than those of faba bean varieties with coloured seed coats. HPLC-PCD analyses showed substantial antioxidant responses, represented as a dense “hump” of peaks in the HPLC chromatograms of acetone extracts from coloured-genotypes. This “hump” was not detected in the chromatograms of white-genotype acetone extracts, or in chromatograms of methanol extract

关键词： Vicia faba Extraction Solvent Phenolic Compound Antioxidant

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STEM教育研究与实践的理念与路径——访不列颠哥伦比亚大学科学教育专家samson Nashon教授

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中国电化教育 2019年第4期 1-4,22页

作者：陈晓慧徐彬张哲 jennifer Jing Zhao 东北师范大学信息科学与技术学院吉林长春130117 加中对比教育和文化学会

目前,培养具有创新精神与实践能力的复合性人才已经成为当今世界各国教育改革的重要任务。STEM教育的理念出现,无疑成为了解决学科间深度融合问题的有效途径。从传统的分科教学到如今强调学科之间的深度融合,STEM教育为学生科学探究思... 详细信息

目前,培养具有创新精神与实践能力的复合性人才已经成为当今世界各国教育改革的重要任务。STEM教育的理念出现,无疑成为了解决学科间深度融合问题的有效途径。从传统的分科教学到如今强调学科之间的深度融合,STEM教育为学生科学探究思维的培养带来了革命性的变化。《2017中国STEM教育白皮书》的发布、"中国STEM教育2029创新行动计划"的启动无疑成为了我国助推STEM教育的开展与相关产业快速发展的巨大动力。国际上,科学教育与教育技术相关领域的专家学者普遍关注STEM教育的基础理论研究与实践路径研究,着眼于STEM教育的课程内容设计、人才培养目标、教师因素与环境因素对教学效果的影响、STEM教育相关产业发展等诸多问题。尤其是在STEM教育、科学教育过程中如何基于有效的问题情境设计课程活动、怎样利用与开发相关教育资源、如何树立学生正确的科学观等成为了教育实践中的新课题与新挑战。samson Nashon博士是不列颠哥伦比亚大学(University of British Columbia)课程与教学论专业(Department of Curriculum&Pedagogy)教授、科学教育(Science Education)系主任,主要从事有关STEM教育和科学教育的教学方法与学习方法的相关研究。samson教授关注科学教育过程中的学生的元认知与学习,并以建构主义理论为指导在科学教育的教学法、研究的设计与方法、教师教育等多个方面取得了丰硕的研究成果。他曾受邀在各类国际学术会议上发表科学教育主旨演讲20余场,发表学术论文100余篇,出版数部关于科学教育的教材、专著,如:Contemporary Science Teaching Approaches:Promoting conceptual understanding in science(2012年)、Promoting conceptual understanding in science(2012年)、Revision mathematics for primary teacher education(1996年)等。现主持20余项加拿大社会科学和人文研究委员会(SSHRC)、不列颠哥伦比亚省教育厅、不列颠哥伦比亚大学(UBC)各级各类项目,从事技术基础下的科学课程教学实践、理解跨情境学习、学生的科学话语认识方式等问题的研究。在本次访谈中,samson教授从STEM与科学教育的关系、STEM环境设计因素的作用、STEM教育中的教师、STEM开展的关键策略、加拿大STEM教育研究开展状况等问题与我们进行了深入交流,着重介绍了STEM教育的情境设计策略与实践情况,对相关教学资源的建设与使用方法进行了探讨。以期为我国STEM教育的开展提供理论参考,为科学教育的开展与实践提供了可实施化路径。

关键词： STEM教育科学教育地方境脉规范科学

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食物蛋白诱导性小肠结肠炎综合征诊断和治疗国际共识指南

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中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志 2018年第1期12卷 109-123页

作者： Anna Nowak-We.grzyn MirnaChehade Marion E.Groetch Jonathan M.Spergel Robert A.Wood Katrina Allen Dan Atkins Sami Bahna Ashis V.Barad Cecilia Berin Terri Brown Whitehorn A.Wesley Burks Jean-Christoph Caubet Antonella Cianferoni Marisa Conte Carla Davis Alessandro Fiocchi Kate Grimshaw RNutr Ruchi Gupta Brittany Hofmeister J.B.Hwang Yitzhak Katz George N.Konstantinou Stephanie A.Leonard jennifer Lightdale Sean McGhee Sami Mehr Stefano MiceliSopo Giovanno Monti Antonella Muraro Stacey Katherine Noel Ichiro Nomura sally Noone Hugh A.Sampson Fallon Schultz Scott H.Sicherer Cecilia C.Thompson Paul J.Turner Carina Venter A.Amity Westcott-Chavez Matthew Greenhawt 李丽莎钱家鸣杨红不详中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院变态(过敏)反应科中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院消化内科

食物蛋白诱导性小肠结肠炎综合征（food protein-induced enterocolitis, FPIES）是一种非IgE,细胞介导的食物过敏反应,其表现可以很严重,甚至导致休克。虽然该类过敏反应有潜在的严重性,但FPIES 的知晓率却较低；而且有关FPIES 病理生... 详细信息

食物蛋白诱导性小肠结肠炎综合征（food protein-induced enterocolitis, FPIES）是一种非IgE,细胞介导的食物过敏反应,其表现可以很严重,甚至导致休克。虽然该类过敏反应有潜在的严重性,但FPIES 的知晓率却较低；而且有关FPIES 病理生理学,诊断和治疗的高质量研究数据缺乏；其临床预后尚不明确。这篇国际共识由美国变态反应、哮喘和免疫学会（AAAAI）食物不良反应委员会和国际FPIES 协会宣传组召集组织国际工作组总结撰写。这是第一部基于临床证据的FPIES 国际指南,有助于提高FPIES 的临床诊治水平。当然未来还需要更多有关FPIES 患病率,病理生理学,诊断标志物和未来治疗方法的研究,以便为FPIES 患者提供更好的医疗服务。这些指南内容将会在获得更多证据后定期更新。

关键词：食物蛋白诱导性小肠结肠炎综合征指南非IgE 介导的食物过敏

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