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China Foundry 2010年第4期7卷 447-455页

作者： Cornelis j.van Ettinger Gieterij Doesburg B.Ubbinkweg 26981 EC DoesburgThe Netherlands

Malleable iron lost the interest and the development stopped in the turbulent seventies of tremendous developments of new technologies. The personal computer, emission spectrometer, thermal analysis, cold-box core system and automatic vertical moulding were introduced into the foundry industry. Experience shows that these new technologies do not always match up with malleable iron. Solidifciation and mould filling simulation programs are not always capable to handle a low carbon equivalent iron like malleable iron. Recent developments show however by using these new technologies and combined with practical experience, it is possible to increase the casting yield of malleable iron to the same level as ductile iron. The mechanical properties, especially the yield strength of malleable iron according to the standard are equivalent to those of ductile iron, however the yield strength of oil quenched malleable iron is signifciantly higher than that of ductile iron. An extensive investigation is made between ductile iron, air quenched and oil quenched malleable irons based on the properties of more than 350 test bars produced under the same conditions. The results are compared with the existing international standards and discussed. Other properties like fatigue strength and response to surface treatments as induction hardening are also discussed. The costs of malleable iron are reviewed and compared with other ferro alloys. These recent developments in increasing the casting yield, the understanding of the strength, makes malleable iron competitive with ductile iron and cheaper than the first grade of ausferritic ductile iron, or steel qualities. It is possible to design lighter and save weight which is essential in the automotive industry. An example of "green cast" development for typical applications, used in automotive transmissions and engines are shown.

关键词： malleable iron ductile iron oil quenched mechanical properties automotive industry

Perception of privacy in a university building: The transparency paradox

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2020年第3期9卷 579-587页

作者： Salome A.Bentinck Clarine j.van Oel Machiel j.van Dorst Department of Architecture and the Built Environment Delft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands

Informal face-to-face communication and chance encounters encourage knowledge *** Post-Occupancy Evaluation(POE)examines how well a new building of a Dutch University Institute(Dl)supported interaction and perceived privacy among faculty *** study is designed as a qualitative research project with in-depth interviews among faculty members before and after relocation into the new *** transparent and centrally organized floor plan supported face-to-face communication but generated a lack of privacy for faculty *** all perceived affordances of the design were *** of visual privacy and the sense of being controlled by others were related to the hierarchical position of teachers in this Higher Education Institute(HEI)between students and the dean,which caused tension and diminished their well-being.

关键词： Affordance Architectural design Knowledge sharing Privacy Post-occupancy evaluation(POE)

Digital Earth in support of global change research

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International journal of Digital Earth 2008年第1期1卷 43-65,I0004页

作者： C.Shupeng j.van Genderen Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of SciencesP.O.Box 9718Beijing 100101China International Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation(ITC) Department of Earth Observation Science.P.O.Box 67500 AA EnschedeThe Netherlands

The Digital Earth concept as originally proposed by former US Vice president Al Gore is now well established and widely adopted ***,many researchers world-wide are studying the causes,effects and impacts of Global *** authors commence by describing a five-step approach to the development of Digital Earth *** is followed by a detailed account of Digital Earth research and developments in *** authors then present the research results of Global Change studies carried out in China,based on the Digital Earth *** research results are based on a classification of global change *** covers the following global change situations:Forest and grassland fires in Northern China,temperate region desertification and dust storms,underground coal fires,deforestation and carbon sequestration,protection and utilisation of wetlands,Avian Influenza and the spread of diseases,Tibet Plateau uplift and sub-tropical monsoon climate region,and sea-level *** research results show that the environment does not behave in a way easily understood by the traditional disciplinary *** man is clearly a contributing factor to certain Global Change aspects,such as underground coal fires,desertification,land use changes etc.,many of the aspects of Global Change are naturally occurring phenomena which have been changing over centuries,and will continue to do so,no matter what actions we undertake to reverse these ***,in their conclusions,the authors propose that the communities involved in Digital Earth modelling and in Global Change research co-operate closer to overcome the limitations inherent in the current‘conventional’scientific approach,where scientists have very much stayed within their respective scientific *** an integrated approach will enable us to build the next level of scientific infrastructure required to understand and predict naturally occurring environmental changes,as well as

关键词： digital earth global change digital China digital earth applications

N^(6)-adenosine methylation(m^(6)A)is involved in the life and death decisions of T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第4期20卷 316-317页

作者： j.j.A.Cali j.van Loosdregt Center for Translational Immunology University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands Pediatric Immunology&Rheumatology Wilhelmina Children's HospitalUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands

N6-adenosine methylation (m^(6)A) is the most abundant modification observed in mRNA transcripts. It is a dynamic modification that is performed by members of the so-called writer complex (including Wtap, Virma and Mettl3) and that can be removed by so-called eraser proteins [1]. In addition, m^(6)A is recognized by reader proteins (including Ythdf2) that can exert a response. Readers and m^(6)A can modify virtually all mRNA processes, including RNA splicing, secondary structures, nuclear export and transcript stability [1]. The functional relevance of m^(6)A-mediated regulation in specific cell types and treatment conditions remains only partly understood. In T cells, earlier studies have demonstrated a relevant role for m^(6)A in T effector (Teff), T follicular helper (TFH) and T regulatory (Treg) cells through manipulation of m^(6)A pathway genes in mice [2,3,4,5,6]. In these studies, disruption of m^(6)A resulted in dysregulation of gene expression patterns and caused colitis and systemic autoinflammatory disease. In a recent study by Ito-Kureha et al., the authors set out to further understand how m^(6)A signaling affects T-cell functions by manipulating Wtap in select T cells with a murine knockout model [7]. They found that m^(6)A signaling controls many aspects of T-cell immunobiology: activation, proliferation, life, and death.

关键词： manipulation life

Superelastic behavior and stabilization of stress-induced martensite in Cu-13.4Al-4.0Ni single crystals

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2001年第2期11卷 161-165页

作者：陈庆福赵连城 R.Stalmans j.van Humbeeck School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Materials and Chemical Engineering Liaoning Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology M. T. M. K. U. Leuven de Croylaan 2 Heverlee Belgium 3001

By applying tensile stress along 〈100〉 of β phase, the superelastic behavior and stabilization of stress induced martensite (SIM) of Cu 13.4Al 4.0Ni(mass fraction, %) single crystals were studied. The results show that the pseudo yield stress decreases with the increase of cycling number, and keeping load isothermally has an effect on stabilization of SIM. Previous thermal cycling between ( M s-20 ℃) and ( A f+20 ℃) promotes the superelasticity and the stabilization of SIM as well; the pre thermal cycling also reduces the pseudo yield stress. However, once the stabilization of SIM is produced, it can be destabilized by either the afterwards thermal cooling heating cycling or load and immediately unload cycling in ( A f～ M d). Isothermal treatment in ( A f～ M d) brings restabilization of SIM. The maximum superelastic value from β → β ′ 1(18 R ) is 9% for the studied single crystal. When test temperature is in A f～( A f+50 ℃) and stress is in 0～350 MPa, the superelastic behavior exist. [

关键词： Superelasticity Stabilization Stress induced martensite CuAlNi single crystal Destabilization

Outcome of direct-acting antiviral treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: clinical benefit proven?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 257-259页

作者： Raoel Maan Adriaan j.van der Meer Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus MC University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamthe Netherlands

The highly effective direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection were well-received by both patients and physicians as sustained virological response(SVR)was associated with an improved overall survival in patients with stable liver disease,even in case of cirrhosis(1).Yet,at that time these results were derived from retrospective cohort studies with long-term follow-up after interferon-based *** patients with compensated liver disease there is confidence that SVR is a clinically relevant endpoint based on consistent positive results with smart use of statistics in numerous cohort ***,however,there remains a need for long-term follow-up data showing a clinical benefit of DAA-induced SVR,preferably with high-quality prospective *** results from the French ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort,as published by *** and colleagues in the April issue of the Lancet,thus bring an important contribution to the field(2).It’s the first prospective cohort study with reasonable follow-up time to assess all-cause mortality after DAA therapy.

关键词： patients infection clinical

Decision support model for effects estimation and proportionality assessment for targeting in cyber operations

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第2期17卷 352-374页

作者： C.Maathuis W.Pieters j.van den Berg Delft University of Technology Jaffalaan 52628 BXDelftNetherlands TNO Military Operations Oude Waaldorperweg 632597 AKDen HaagNetherlands Netherlands Defense Academy De la Reyweg 1204818 BBBredaNetherlands Open University of the Netherlands Valkenburgerweg 1776419 ATHeerlenNetherlands

Cyber operations are relatively a new phenomenon of the last two *** that period,they have increased in number,complexity,and agility,while their design and development have been processes well kept under *** a consequence,limited data(sets)regarding these incidents are *** various academic and practitioner public communities addressed some of the key points and dilemmas that surround cyber operations(such as attack,target identification and selection,and collateral damage),still methodologies and models are needed in order to plan,execute,and assess them in a responsibly and legally compliant *** on these facts,it is the aim of this article to propose a model that i))estimates and classifies the effects of cyber operations,and ii)assesses proportionality in order to support targeting decisions in cyber *** order to do that,a multi-layered fuzzy model was designed and implemented by analysing real and virtual realistic cyber operations combined with interviews and focus groups with technical e military *** proposed model was evaluated on two cyber operations use cases in a focus group with four technical e military *** the design and the results of the evaluation are revealed in this article.

关键词： Cyber operations Cyber warfare Cyber weapons Artificial intelligence Fuzzy logic Targeting

Photobiomodulation:a novel approach to promote trans-differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into neuronal-like cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 598-608页

作者： Daniella Da Silva Madeleen jansen van Rensburg Anine Crous Heidi Abrahamse Laser Research Centre Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of JohannesburgDoornfonteinJohannesburgSouth Africa

Photobiomodulation,originally used red and near-infrared lasers,can alter cellular *** has been demonstrated that the visible spectrum at 451-540 nm does not necessarily increase cell proliferation,near-infrared light promotes adipose stem cell proliferation and affects adipose stem cell migration,which is necessary for the cells homing to the site of *** this in vitro study,we explored the potential of adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into neurons for future translational regenerative treatments in neurodegenerative disorders and brain *** investigated the effects of various biological and chemical inducers on trans-differentiation and evaluated the impact of photobiomodulation using 825 nm near-infrared and 525 nm green laser light at 5 j/*** adipose-derived stem cells can be used in autologous grafting and photobiomodulation has been shown to have biostimulatory *** findings reveal that adipose-derived stem cells can indeed trans-differentiate into neuronal cells when exposed to inducers,with pre-induced cells exhibiting higher rates of proliferation and trans-differentiation compared with the control ***,green laser light stimulation led to notable morphological changes indicative of enhanced trans-differentiation,while near-infrared photobiomodulation notably increased the expression of neuronal *** biochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,we observed marked improvements in viability,proliferation,membrane permeability,and mitochondrial membrane potential,as well as increased protein levels of neuron-specific enolase and ciliary neurotrophic ***,our results demonstrate the efficacy of photobiomodulation in enhancing the trans-differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells,offering promising prospects for their use in regenerative medicine for neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries.

关键词： differentiation inducers green photobiomodulation immortalized adipose-derived stem cell near-infrared photobiomodulation neurodegenerative disease neurogenesis photobiomodulation trans-differentiation

The Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)Project in Central Asia:The Case for a Regional Hydroclimate Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 777-783页

作者： Michael BRODY Maksim KULIKOV Sagynbek ORUNBAEV Peter j.van OEVELEN International Agricultural University Tashkent 111200Uzbekistan George Mason University FairfaxVirginia 22030USA University of Central Asia Bishkek 720001Kyrgyz Republic American University of Central Asia Bishkek 720060Kyrgyz Republic International GEWEX project George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginia 22030USA

Central Asia consists of the former Soviet Republics,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyz Republic,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan,and *** region’s climate is continental,mostly semi-arid to *** is a significant part of the region’s *** its nature of intensive water use,agriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate *** growth and irrigation development have significantly increased the demand for water in the *** climate change issues include melting glaciers and a shrinking snowpack,which are the foundation of the region’s water resources,and a changing precipitation *** glaciers are located in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan,leading to transboundary water resource *** already has extremely high *** indicate that Central Asia has been warming and precipitation might be *** warming is expected to increase,but its spatial and temporal distribution depends upon specific global *** of future precipitation show significant uncertainties in type,amount,and *** Hydroclimate Projects(RHPs)are an approach to studying these *** steps to develop an RHP began in 2021 with a widely distributed online survey about these climate *** was followed up with an online workshop and then,in 2023,an in-person workshop,held in Tashkent,*** for the Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)project for the region include both observations and modeling,as well as development of better and additional precipitation observations,all of which are topics for the next workshop.A well-designed RHP should lead to reductions in critical climate uncertainties in policy-relevant timeframes that can influence decisions on necessary investments in climate adaptation.

关键词： GEWEX Central Asia climate change agriculture