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Disparities in chiropractic utilization by race,ethnicity and socioeconomic status:A scoping review of the literature

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journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第2期21卷 159-167页

作者： jordan A.Gliedt Antoinette L.Spector Michael j.schneider joni Williams Staci Young Department of Neurosurgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Technology University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeMilwaukeeWI 53201USA Department of Physical Therapy University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15219USA Clinical and Translational Science Institute University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213USA Department of Medicine Division of Internal MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Family and Community Medicine Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA

Background Chiropractic is the largest complementary and alternative medicine profession in the United States,with increasing global growth.A preliminary literature review suggests a lack of widespread diversity of chiropractic patient *** There have been no prior studies to comprehensively integrate the literature on chiropractic utilization rates by race,ethnicity,and socioeconomic *** purpose of this scoping review is to identify and describe the current state of knowledge of chiropractic utilization by race,ethnicity,education level,employment status,and income and poverty *** strategy Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed,Ovid MEDLINE,Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL),Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,and Index to Chiropractic Literature from inception to May *** criteria Articles that reported race or ethnicity,education level,employment status,income or poverty level variables and chiropractic utilization rates for adults(≥18 years of age)were eligible for this *** extraction and analysis Data extracted from articles were citation information,patient characteristics,race and ethnicity,education level,employment status,income and poverty level,and chiropractic utilization rate.A descriptive numerical summary of included studies is *** study provides a qualitative thematic narrative of chiropractic utilization with attention to race and ethnicity,education level,income and poverty level,and employment *** A total of 69 articles were eligible for *** articles were published since 2003 and reported data from study populations in the United *** the race,ethnicity and socioeconomic categories that were most commonly reported,chiropractic utilization was the highest for individuals identifying as European American/White/non-Hispanic White/Caucasian(median 20.00%;interquartile range 2.70%-64.60%),those with employment as a main income sourc

关键词： Chiropractic Utilization Health inequities Health disparities Low-back pain Neck pain

Current landscape in motoneuron regeneration and reconstruction for motor cranial nerve injuries

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第9期15卷 1639-1649页

作者： Yanjun Xie Kevin j.schneider Syed A.Ali Norman D.Hogikyan Eva L.Feldman Michael j.Brenner Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA

The intricate anatomy and physiology of cranial nerves have inspired clinicians and scientists to study their roles in the nervous system. Damage to motor cranial nerves may result from a variety of organic or iatrogenic insults and causes devastating functional impairment and disfigurement. Surgical innovations directed towards restoring function to injured motor cranial nerves and their associated organs have evolved to include nerve repair, grafting, substitution, and muscle transposition. In parallel with this progress, research on tissue-engineered constructs, development of bioelectrical interfaces, and modulation of the regenerative milieu through cellular, immunomodulatory, or neurotrophic mechanisms has proliferated to enhance the available repertoire of clinically applicable reconstructive options. Despite these advances, patients continue to suffer from functional limitations relating to inadequate cranial nerve regeneration, aberrant reinnervation, or incomplete recovery of neuromuscular function. These shortfalls have profound quality of life ramifications and provide an impetus to further elucidate mechanisms underlying cranial nerve denervation and to improve repair. In this review, we summarize the literature on reconstruction and regeneration of motor cranial nerves following various injury patterns. We focus on seven cranial nerves with predominantly efferent functions and highlight shared patterns of injuries and clinical manifestations. We also present an overview of the existing reconstructive approaches, from facial reanimation, laryngeal reinnervation, to variations of interposition nerve grafts for reconstruction. We discuss ongoing endeavors to promote nerve regeneration and to suppress aberrant reinnervation and the development of synkinesis. Insights from these studies will shed light on recent progress and new horizons in understanding the biomechanics of peripheral nerve neurobiology, with emphasis on promising strategies for optimizing

关键词： axon degeneration cranial neuropathy facial nerve facial paralysis motoneuron nerve regeneration peripheral nerve recurrent laryngeal nerve synkinesis vocal fold paralysis

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高压断路器发展的几个问题

电工技术 1980年第1期 9-14页

作者： j.schneider 李建基

本文以断路器单位容量的重量（公斤/兆伏安）为例,介绍了近一、二十年来高压断路器的进展。SF6断路器在420千伏以下,其单位容量的重量特别低,致使这一技术能迅速进入市场。除户外断路器外,还介绍了SF6全封闭组合电器及两种设备混合使用... 详细信息

本文以断路器单位容量的重量（公斤/兆伏安）为例,介绍了近一、二十年来高压断路器的进展。SF6断路器在420千伏以下,其单位容量的重量特别低,致使这一技术能迅速进入市场。除户外断路器外,还介绍了SF6全封闭组合电器及两种设备混合使用技术。

关键词：断路器 SF 全封闭组合电器开断容量开断时间开断电弧单位容量灭弧室灭弧装置

Evolving technologies for growing,imaging and analyzing 3D root system architecture of crop plants

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第3期58卷 230-241页

作者： Miguel A.Pieros Brandon G.Larson jon E.Shaff David j.schneider Alexandre Xavier Falcao Lixing Yuan Randy T.Clark Eric j.Craft Tyler W.Davis Pierre-Luc Pradier Nathanael M.Shaw Ithipong Assaranurak Susan R.Mc Couch Craig Sturrock Malcolm Bennett Leon V.Kochian USDA-ARS Robert Holley Center for Agriculture and Health538 Tower RoadIthacaNY 14580USA Department of Information Systems Institute of ComputingUniversity of CampinasAv.Albert Einstein1251CEP 13083-852CampinasSPBrazil Department of Plant Nutrition China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Centre for Plant Integrative Biology School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton BoningtonLE12 5RDUK College of Science King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

A plant＇s ability to maintain or improve its yield under limiting conditions,such as nutrient de ficiency or drought,can be strongly in fluenced by root system architecture（RSA）,the three-dimensional distribution of the different root types in the soil. The ability to image,track and quantify these root system attributes in a dynamic fashion is a useful tool in assessing desirable genetic and physiological root traits. Recent advances in imaging technology and phenotyping software have resulted in substantive progress in describing and quantifying RSA. We have designed a hydroponic growth system which retains the three-dimensional RSA of the plant root system,while allowing for aeration,solution replenishment and the imposition of nutrient treatments,as well as high-quality imaging of the root system. The simplicity and flexibility of the system allows for modi fications tailored to the RSA of different crop species and improved throughput. This paper details the recent improvements and innovations in our root growth and imaging system which allows for greater image sensitivity（detection of fine roots and other root details）,higher ef ficiency,and a broad array of growing conditions for plants that more closely mimic those found under field conditions.

关键词： Abiotic stress digital root phenotyping mineral nutrition root system architecture

Polycrystalline Si thin-film solar cells with absorber layers grown at temperatures below 600℃ by ECRCVD

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Polycrystalline Si thin-film solar cells with absorber layer...

第十五届国际光伏科学与工程大会

作者： B.Rau j.schneider E.Conrad S.Gall W.Fuhs Hahn-Meitner Institut Berlin Kekuléstr.5D-12489 Berlin Germany Hahn-Meitner Institut Berlin Kekuléstr.5D-12489 Berlin Germany Hahn-Meitner Institut Berlin Kekuléstr.5D-12489 Berlin Germany Hahn-Meitner Institut Berlin Kekuléstr.5D-12489 Berlin Germany Hahn-Meitner Institut Berlin Kekuléstr.5D-12489 Berlin Germany

＜正＞ Solar cells were prepared with absorber layers grown below 600℃on both polycrystalline Si seed layers on glass and Si（100） wafers. The seed layers were formed by the aluminum-induced layer exchange process （ALILE） based on the aluminum-induced crystallization of amorphous Si. To form a p-type absorber layer （～2μm） the seed layers were thickened by ECRCVD using silane and diborane. A thin, highly phosphorous-doped amorphous emitter layer was deposited. We discuss the influence of absorber layer post-treatments on the solar cell parameters. We achieved open-circuit voltages of up to 378mV for solar cells on seed layers by the application of defect annealing and hydrogen passivation. On highly-doped, p-type CZ-Si（100） we obtained an open-circuit voltage of 458mV even without any additional treatments of the absorber layer. These results are very encouraging for low-temperature preparation of solar cells.

关键词： Silicon Thin-film Solar Cells Seed Layer Low-temperature Epitaxy ECRCVD

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环锭纺的发展潜力

国际纺织导报 2008年第12期36卷 23-24,26,27页

作者： U.Heitmann j.schneider 薛文良邓肯道夫纺织与工艺研究所

目前存在3个关键因素导致环锭纺产量无法进一步提高。介绍了一些有利于未来环锭纺技术进一步发展的基本情况。详细分析了环锭纺工序中的能耗问题,这是性能能否提高的基础。环锭纺产量的提高,不仅是技术上是否可行的问题,更重要的是能够... 详细信息

目前存在3个关键因素导致环锭纺产量无法进一步提高。介绍了一些有利于未来环锭纺技术进一步发展的基本情况。详细分析了环锭纺工序中的能耗问题,这是性能能否提高的基础。环锭纺产量的提高,不仅是技术上是否可行的问题,更重要的是能够获得良好的经济效益。

关键词：环锭纺钢领/钢丝圈系统气圈张力加捻三角区锭速能耗

聚氯乙烯糊树脂粉料与增塑糊性能关系——调节糊粘度的可能性

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聚氯乙烯 1987年第6期 45-50页

作者： H.Zecha ,j.schneider ,K.Wulf ,黄云翔化工部锦西化工研究院

本文阐述了聚氯乙烯糊树脂的颗粒结构特征,喷雾干燥和后处理的条件对糊树脂颗粒粒径分布与树脂粉料在增塑剂中解碎难易的影响以及不同增塑糊的流动性能;提出了控制糊粘度的可行性;建立了掺混增塑糊糊粘度计算的经验公式和胶乳粒子准单... 详细信息

本文阐述了聚氯乙烯糊树脂的颗粒结构特征,喷雾干燥和后处理的条件对糊树脂颗粒粒径分布与树脂粉料在增塑剂中解碎难易的影响以及不同增塑糊的流动性能;提出了控制糊粘度的可行性;建立了掺混增塑糊糊粘度计算的经验公式和胶乳粒子准单峰分布的增塑糊牛顿型高剪切极限粘度的数学模型。

关键词：聚氯乙烯糊树脂流动性能糊粘度喷雾干燥增塑糊聚氯乙烯粉料胶乳粒子

便携式同位素X射线荧光分析仪在矿业实践中的应用

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国外地质勘探技术 1981年第4期 27-32页

作者： M·Biste H.-j.schneider 朱铁民

便携式同位素x射线荧光分析作为非破坏性的快速分析方法,越来越引起矿业界的广泛兴趣,如用于普查、勘探和选矿作业的在流监控等。鉴于迄今为止只在英语文献中刊载过这方面的实例,这里仅就作者的实际经验予以综合报导,而对方法理论及应... 详细信息

便携式同位素x射线荧光分析作为非破坏性的快速分析方法,越来越引起矿业界的广泛兴趣,如用于普查、勘探和选矿作业的在流监控等。鉴于迄今为止只在英语文献中刊载过这方面的实例,这里仅就作者的实际经验予以综合报导,而对方法理论及应用实例的阐述要简短一些。

关键词：射线荧光分析非破坏性基体效应样品基体同位素矿业

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锡在地球中初始富集与锡矿床成矿关系

河北地质学院学报 1991年第1期14卷 46-60页

作者：毛景文 B.Lehmann H.-j.schneider 中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所柏林大学地质系

长期以来,地质学家们比较一致地认为锡矿床与花岗岩在成因方面有着密切的联系。近15年来,有些学者试图论证层控锡矿床的存在和意义。本文提出同生作用很难生成工业性锡矿床,但由其所形成的初始富集在诸多成矿区、带中普遍存在。这里所... 详细信息

长期以来,地质学家们比较一致地认为锡矿床与花岗岩在成因方面有着密切的联系。近15年来,有些学者试图论证层控锡矿床的存在和意义。本文提出同生作用很难生成工业性锡矿床,但由其所形成的初始富集在诸多成矿区、带中普遍存在。这里所谓的初始富集与前人提出的矿源层概念不同,它包括以下三种不同的存在形式:第一、Sn 在地球中分布表现为不均一性。在 Sn 的高地球化学异常区、带内,各种地质体都具有高于同类岩石克拉克值一至数倍,乃至数十倍。这正是锡矿成矿的物质基础。第二、海底喷气作用导致 Sn 在高地球化学异常区、带内某些地区的某些层位初始富集或作为副产品存在于贱金属硫化物矿床中。第三、在地质历史中所形成的古砂锡富集体和矿点。上述三种 Sn 的初始富集,虽然不具工业意义,但一旦在适宜的地壳运动期间,其本身重熔成含锡花岗岩或受与花岗岩有关锡矿体的叠加或改造,即可成矿。Sn 的初始富集往往是形成超大型矿床的基本条件之一。

关键词：锡地球富集锡矿成矿