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Long-term monitoring of cycles in Clethrionomys rutilus in the Yukon boreal forest

Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 27-36页

作者： Charles j.KREBS Alice j.KENNEY B.Scott GILBERT Rudy BOONSTRA Department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Renewable Resources Management Program Yukon UniversityWhitehorseYukonCanada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada

Baseline studies of small rodent populations in undisturbed ecosystems are *** report here 50 years of mon-itoring and experimentation in Yukon of a dominant rodent species in the North American boreal forest,the red-backed vole Clethrionomys *** voles breed in summer,weigh 20–25 g,and reach a maximum density of 20 to 25 per *** populations have shown consistent 3–4-year cycles for the last 50 years with the only change being that peak densities averaged 8/ha until 2000 and 18/ha since that *** the last 25 years,we have measured food resources,predator numbers,and winter weather,and for 1-year social interactions,to estimate their contribution to changes in the rate of summer increase and the rate of overwinter *** these potential limiting factors could contribute to changes in density,and we measured their relative contributions statistically with multiple *** rate of winter decline in density was related to both food supply and winter *** rate of summer increase was related to summer berry crops and white spruce cone *** measure of predator numbers was related to winter or summer changes in vole *** was a large signal of climate change effects in these *** is no density dependence in summer population growth and only a weak one in winter population *** of our results provide a clear understanding of what generates 3–4-year cycles in these voles,and the major missing piece may be an understanding of social interactions at high density.

关键词： boreal forest climate change density dependence population cycles predation winter severity

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Regulation of cellular anabolism by mTOR:or how I learned to stop worrying and love translation

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第4期2卷 195-201页

作者： j.William Deaver Sara Mata López Patrick j.ryan Peter P.Nghiem Steven E.Riechman james D.Fluckey Department of Health and Kinesiology 107 Gilchrist Building2929 Research ParkwayTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences 402 Raymond Stotzer Pkwy Building 2Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA

The process and regulation of cellular metabolism are extremely complex and accomplished through multiple signalling pathways that operate in parallel,and often experience significant overlap in upstream and downstream a signal *** this complexity,single pathway or even single protein activations are commonly used to extrapolate broad characterizations of cellular ***,multiple routes for peptide-chain translation initiation exist,some of which may be either exclusive or overlapping depending on the state and environment of the *** it may be highly impractical to account for every aspect of metabolic regulation and permutation of mRNA translation,it is important to acknowledge that investigations relating to these pathways are often incomplete and not necessarily indicative of the overall metabolic *** becomes urgent when considering the role that cellular anabolism plays in both healthy cellular functions and the aetiology of several disease's altered *** review describes recent advances in the understanding of cellular metabolic regulation,with specific focus given to the complexity of‘downstream’mRNA translation initiation through both mTOR-dependent and mTOR-independent signallings.

关键词： Anabolism Translation Protein synthesis Cap-dependent translation Cap-independent translation

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敦煌临掌《朱衣大士》领衔,张大千三幅力作苏富比拍卖斩获1.26亿港币

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艺术品鉴 2024年第5期 154-159页

作者：赵志瀚 ryan Chiu 不详

近现代书画的拍卖市场,张大千向来是中流砥柱,是每季都不可能缺席的名字。2024年香港地区春拍,苏富比带来大师的三幅力作,囊括血战古人的青绿山水、敦煌临摹的佛教肖像、晚年工笔仕女,分别出自刘汉堃家族、“乐山堂”蔡一鸣、张葆萝(大... 详细信息

近现代书画的拍卖市场,张大千向来是中流砥柱,是每季都不可能缺席的名字。2024年香港地区春拍,苏富比带来大师的三幅力作,囊括血战古人的青绿山水、敦煌临摹的佛教肖像、晚年工笔仕女,分别出自刘汉堃家族、“乐山堂”蔡一鸣、张葆萝(大千儿子)家族雅蓄,先后于三个专场领衔上阵并悉数售出,共斩获逾1.26亿港币。

关键词：苏富比近现代书画青绿山水张大千拍卖市场临摹敦煌

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Extracellular vesicles and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in COVID-19 disease

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 1-8页

作者： YU LIU ROBERT j.KASPER NATALIE j.S.CHOI Department of Family and Community Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinois

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are membranous vesicular structures released from almost all eukaryotic cell types under different physiological or pathological *** evidence demonstrates that EVs can serve as mediators of intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells or microorganism-infected and noninfected *** disease 2019(COVID-19)disease is caused by infection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)of host cells in the respiratory system and various extra-pulmonary tissue/organs,resulting in complications of multiple organ *** the cell surface receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)mediates cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cells in patients with *** studies have found that ACE2 can be released with EVs,which have been shown to interfere with the entry of the virus into host cells and thus may be involved in COVID-19 *** addition,ACE2,neprilysin(NEP),and thimet oligopeptidase(TOP)are the key enzymes that regulate angiotensin metabolism by converting angiotensin II or angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-7,the latter of which has protective effects in counterbalancing the harmful effects of angiotensin II in COVID-19 *** review summarizes the recent research progress regarding EV-associated ACE2,NEP,and TOP and the perspectives of their potential involvement in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 disease.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles COVID-19 Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 Thimet oligopeptidase

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敦煌临摹《朱衣大士》领衔，张大千三幅力作苏富比拍卖斩获1.26亿港币

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艺术品鉴 2024年第13期 154-159页

作者：赵志瀚 ryan Chiu

近现代书画的拍卖市场，张大千向来是中流砥柱，是每季都不可能缺席的名字。2024年香港春拍，苏富比带来大师的三幅力作，囊括血战古人的青绿山水、敦煌临摹的佛教肖像、晚年工笔仕女，分别出自刘汉堃家族、“乐山堂”蔡一鸣、张葆萝（...

近现代书画的拍卖市场，张大千向来是中流砥柱，是每季都不可能缺席的名字。2024年香港春拍，苏富比带来大师的三幅力作，囊括血战古人的青绿山水、敦煌临摹的佛教肖像、晚年工笔仕女，分别出自刘汉堃家族、“乐山堂”蔡一鸣、张葆萝（大千儿子）家族雅蓄，先后于三个专场领衔上阵并悉数售出，共斩获逾1.26亿港币。其中，敦煌临摹的《朱衣大士》以1600万港币起拍，最终以估价三倍的6500万港币落槌，含佣金7757万港币成交。

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Invasive ant learning is not affected by seven potential neuroactive chemicals

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 87-97页

作者： Henrique Galante Tomer j.Czaczkes Department of Zoology and Evolutionary Biology Animal Comparative Economics LaboratoryUniversity of Regensburg93053 Regensburg Germany

Argentine ants Linepithema humile are one of the most damaging invasive alien species *** or disrupting cognitive abilities,such as learning,has the potential to improve management efforts,for example by increasing preference for a bait,or improving ants'ability to learn its characteristics or ***-feeding insects are often the victims of psychoactive manipulation,with plants lacing their nectar with secondary metabolites such as alkaloids and non-protein amino acids which often alter learning,foraging,or ***,the effect of neuroactive chemicals has seldomly been explored in ***,we test the effects of seven potential neuroactive chemicals-two alkaloids:caffeine and nicotine;two biogenic amines:dopamine and octopamine,and three nonprotein amino acids:β-alanine,GABA and taurineon the cognitive abilities of invasive *** using bifurcation *** results confirm that these ants are strong associative learners,requiring as little as one experience to develop an ***,we show no short-term effect of any of the chemicals tested on spatial learning,and in addition no effect of caffeine on short-term olfactory *** lack of effect is surprising,given the extensive reports of the tested chemicals affecting learning and foraging in *** mismatch could be due to the heavy bias towards bees in the literature,a positive result publicationbias,ordifferences inmethodology.

关键词： associativelearning caffeine memory neuroactivechemicals

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Applications of genetic code expansion technology in eukaryotes

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Protein & Cell 2024年第5期15卷 331-363页

作者： Qiao-ru Guo Yu j.Cao State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Institute of Chemical Biology Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 518132China

Unnatural amino acids(UAAs)have gained significant attention in protein engineering and drug development owing to their ability to introduce new chemical functionalities to *** eukaryotes,genetic code expansion(GCE)enables the incorporation of UAAs and facilitates posttranscriptional modification(PTM),which is not feasible in prokaryotic *** is also a powerful tool for cell or animal imaging,the monitoring of protein interactions in target cells,drug development,and switch ***,there is keen interest in utilizing GCE in eukaryotic *** review provides an overview of the application of GCE in eukaryotic systems and discusses current challenges that need to be addressed.

关键词： genetic code expansion unnatural amino acid eukaryotes basic research therapeutic applications

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Aging impairs the osteocytic regulation of collagen integrity and bone quality

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 78-94页

作者： Charles A.Schurman Serra Kaya Neha Dole Nadja M.Maldonado Luna Natalia Castillo ryan Potter jacob P.Rose joanna Bons Christina D.King jordan B.Burton Birgit Schilling Simon Melov Simon Tang Eric Schaible Tamara Alliston Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCA 94945USA Washington University in St Louis Department of OrthopedicsSt.LouisMO 63130USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Poor bone quality is a major factor in skeletal fragility in elderly *** molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain bone quality,independent of bone mass,are unknown but are thought to be primarily determined by *** hypothesize that the age-related decline in bone quality results from the suppression of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular remodeling(PLR),which maintains bone material *** examined bones from young and aged mice with osteocyte-intrinsic repression of TGFβsignaling(TβRII^(ocy−/−))that suppresses *** control aged bone displayed decreased TGFβsignaling and PLR,but aging did not worsen the existing PLR suppression in male TβRII^(ocy−/−)*** relationship impacted the behavior of collagen material at the nanoscale and tissue scale in macromechanical *** effects of age on bone mass,density,and mineral material behavior were independent of osteocytic TGFβ.We determined that the decline in bone quality with age arises from the loss of osteocyte function and the loss of TGFβ-dependent maintenance of collagen integrity.

关键词： maintain primarily integrity

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Analysis of the inflection points of height-diameter models

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 414-422页

作者： Tzeng Yih Lam Mark j.Ducey Department of Forest Resources Management Faculty of ForestryThe University of British Columbia2045-2424 Main MallVancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New Hampshire114 James HallDurhamNH 03824USA

The inflection point is an important feature of sigmoidal height-diameter(H-D)*** is often cited as one of the properties favoring sigmoidal model ***,there are very few studies analyzing the inflection points of H-D *** goals of this study were to theoretically and empirically examine the behaviors of inflection points of six common H-D models with a regional *** six models were the Wykoff(WYK),Schumacher(SCH),Curtis(CUR),HossfeldⅣ(HOS),von Bertalanffy-Richards(VBR),and Gompertz(GPZ)*** models were first fitted in their base forms with tree species as random effects and were then expanded to include functional traits and spatial *** distributions of the estimated inflection points were similar between the two-parameter models WYK,SCH,and CUR,but were different between the threeparameter models HOS,VBR,and *** produced some of the largest inflection *** and VBR produced concave H-D curves without inflection points for 12.7%and 39.7%of the tree *** species or decreasing shade tolerance resulted in larger inflection *** trends in the estimated inflection points of HOS and VBR were entirely opposite across the ***,HOS could produce concave H-D curves for portions of the *** on the studied behaviors,the choice between two-parameter models may not *** recommend comparing seve ral three-parameter model forms for consistency in estimated inflection points before deciding on *** sigmoidal models to have inflection points does not necessarily mean that they will produce fitted curves with *** study highlights the need to integrate analysis of inflection points into modeling H-D relationships.

关键词： Concavity Forest inventory and analysis Generalized height-diameter models Growth functions Height-diameter functions Mixed-effects modeling Points of inflection Species-specific models

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COVID-19感知易感性对健康风险感知、风险规避和出游意愿的影响:政府信任的调节作用(英文)

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journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第3期15卷 733-744页

作者：周彬王璐婷王灵恩 CHRIS ryan 刘思怡熊启昊王玉欣宁波大学旅游系浙江宁波315211 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101 怀卡托大学中国-新西兰旅游研究中心新西兰哈密尔顿3240 科廷大学商学与法学院管理与营销系澳大利亚珀斯6102

本研究考察了COVID-19感知易感性、健康风险感知、风险规避与出游意愿之间的关系,并探讨了政府信任的调节作用。研究数据通过腾讯问卷(113)和实地调研(507)两种方法收集。研究发现:感知易感性显著影响健康风险感知和风险规避,这2个变量... 详细信息

本研究考察了COVID-19感知易感性、健康风险感知、风险规避与出游意愿之间的关系,并探讨了政府信任的调节作用。研究数据通过腾讯问卷(113)和实地调研(507)两种方法收集。研究发现:感知易感性显著影响健康风险感知和风险规避,这2个变量又显著影响游客的出游意愿。健康风险感知和风险规避分别在感知易感性影响出游意愿发挥部分中介作用,它们之间的链式中介关系也得到支持。政府信任在感知易感性影响健康风险感知,以及健康风险感知和出游意愿之间有显著的调节作用。本研究对全球公共卫生危机游客出游意愿的影响因素提供了新的见解,有助于后疫情时代旅游经济复苏和目的地的营销策略制定。

关键词：感知易感性健康风险感知风险规避出游意愿政府信任

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