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Nutrient changes in potting mix and Eucalyptus nitens leaf tissue under macadamia biochar amendments

journal of Forestry Research 2018年第2期29卷 379-389页

作者： A.Wrobel-Tobiszewska M.Boersma j.Sargison P.Adams B.Singh S.Franks C.j.Birch D.C.Close CREPS Centre for Renewable Energy and Power SystemsSchool of Engineering and ICTUniversity of TasmaniaEngineering BuildingDobson RoadSandy Bay CampusHobartAustralia Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture University of Tasmania16-20 Mooreville RoadPO Box 3523Burnie 7320Australia jSA Consulting Engineers Pty Ltd Ellerslie HouseLevel 1119 Sandy Bay RoadSandy BayTAS 7005Australia Forestry Tasmania 79 Melville StreetHobartTAS 7000Australia Faculty of Agriculture and Environment Center for CarbonWater and FoodBiomedical BuildingUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia

The effect of macadamia nut shell biochar on nitrogen,potassium,phosphorus,magnesium,calcium and sodium concentrations in potting mix used to grow Eucalyptus nitens seedlings was investigated in a glasshouse *** treatments combined two fertiliser rates（50 and 100% rate of the commercial mix commonly used in forestry nurseries） with eight biochar rates(0,2,5,10,20,50,80 and 100 t ha;) arranged in a randomised complete block with three replicates of four sample *** were quantified in the potting mix and seedling leaves at four destructive harvests 135,177,219 and269 days after *** significantly increased nitrate-N,Colwell P,Colwell K and exchangeable Na andreduced ammonium-N,Mg and Ca concentrations in the potting *** leaf concentrations of P,K and Na were increased by biochar application,while N remained dependent on fertiliser rate *** and Ca leaf concentrations decreased in response to increasing biochar *** nitrate-N and decreased ammonium-N concentrations suggest that biochar might have increased nitrification in the potting *** presumed that biochar mediated processes that reduced uptake of P and K when high doses of biochar were combined with full *** in potting mix K,Na,Mg and Ca were consistent with selective adsorption of ions to biochar surfaces.

关键词： Charcoal Forest plantation Plant nutrition Seedlings Soil chemistry

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Hepatitis E: Epidemiology and prevention

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World journal of Hepatology 2011年第12期3卷 285-291页

作者： Eyasu H Teshale Dale j Hu Division of Viral Hepatitis Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for HIV Viral Hepatitis STD TB Prevention Atlanta GA 30333 United States

Hepatitis E is caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV), the major etiologic agent of enterically transmitted non-A hepatitis worldwide. HEV is responsible for major outbreaks of acute hepatitis in developing countries, especially in many parts of Africa and Asia. The HEV is a spherical, non-enveloped, single-stranded, positive sense RNA virus that is approximately 32 nm to 34 nm in diameter and is the only member in the family Hepeviridae and genus Hepevirus. There are four distinct genotypes of HEV (genotypes 1-4). While genotype 1 is predominantly associated with large epidemics in developing countries, genotype 3 has recently emerged as a significant pathogen in developed countries. The clinical manifestations and the laboratory abnormalities of hepatitis E are not distinguishable from that caused by other hepatitis viruses. However, high mortality among pregnant women particularly during the third trimester distinguishes HEV from other causes of acute viral hepatitis. Specific etiologic diagnosis among infected cases can be made by serological testing or detection of viral nucleic acid by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Although there are vaccine candidates that had been shown to be safe and efficacious in clini-cal trials, none are approved currently for use. There is no specific therapy for acute hepatitis E as treatment remains supportive.

关键词： Hepatitis E virus Acute viral hepatitis Outbreak Epidemiology Serology Prevention

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New method for oblique impact dynamics research of a flexible beam with large overall motion considering impact friction force

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2016年第4期32卷 720-730页

作者： W.Yuan L.Li D.G.Zhang j.Z.Hong School of Science Nanjing University of Science and Technology Department of Engineering Mechanics Shanghai Jiao Tong University

A flexible beam with large overall rotating motion impacting with a rigid slope is studied in this paper. The tangential friction force caused by the oblique impact is analyzed. The tangential motion of the system is divided into a stick state and a slip state. The contact constraint model and Coulomb friction model are used respectively to deal with the two states. Based on this hybrid modeling method, dynamic equations of the system, which include all states（before, during, and after the collision）are obtained. Simulation results of a concrete example are compared with the results obtained from two other models： a nontangential friction model and a modified Coulomb model. Differences in the results from the three models are discussed. The tangential friction force cannot be ignored when an oblique impact occurs. In addition, the results obtained from the model proposed in this paper are more consistent with real movement.

关键词： collision oblique friction stick tangential considering Coulomb constraint coordinate rotating

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Seismic health monitoring of RC frame structures using smart aggregates

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2013年第1期12卷 25-32页

作者： Wen-I Liao C.H.Lin j.S.Hwang G.Song Department of Civil Engineering Taipei University of Techology (NTUT) Department of Construction Engineering Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston

Structural health monitoring of RC structures under seismic loads has recently attracted much attention in the earthquake engineering research community. In this study, a piezoceramic-based device called ＂smart aggregate＂ was used for the health monitoring of RC frame structures under earthquake excitations. Three RC moment frames instrumented with smart aggregates were tested using a shaketable with different ground excitation intensities. Distributed piezoceramic- based smart aggregates were embedded in the RC structures and used to monitor their health condition during the tests. The sensitivity and effectiveness of the proposed piezoceramic-based approach were investigated and evaluated by analyzing the measured responses. The displacement ductility demand of the structural members was calculated and compared with the damage index determined from the health monitoring system. The comparison shows that the damage index is compatible with the calculated ductility demand.

关键词： smart aggregate health monitoring RC frame shaketable piezoceramic

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Crystallographic Analysis of Isothermally Transformed Bainite in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1.5Si-0.6Cr Steel Using EBSD

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第4期29卷 359-366页

作者： Pasi P.Suikkanen Cyril Cayron Anthony j.DeArdo L.Pentti Karjalainen Ruukki Metals Oy Rautaruukintie 155P.O.Box 93FI-92101 RaaheFinland Department of Mechanical Engineering University of OuluP.O.Box 420090014 University of OuluFinland Ruukki Metals Oy Rautaruukintie 155P.O.Box 93FI-92101 RaaheFinland. CEA LITEN17 rues des Martys38054 GrenobleFrance Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh848 Benedum HallPittsburghPA 15261-2285USA

The crystallography of bainite, transformed isothermally at 450 ℃ in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1.5Si-0.6Cr steel, was investigated by electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD） analysis. The orientation relationship （OR） was found to be closer to Nishiyama-Wassermann （N-W） than Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship. Bainite microstructure consisted of parallel laths forming a morphological packet structure. Typically, there were three different lath orientations in a morphological packet. These orientations were dictated by a three specific N-W OR variants sharing the same {111} austenite plane. A packet of bainite laths with common {111} austenite plane was termed as crystallographic packet. Generally, the crystallographic packet size corresponded to the morphological packet size. Locally, crystallographic packets with only two dominant orientations were observed. This indicates strong local variant selection during isothermal bainite transformation. The relative orientation between the variants in crystallographic packets was found to be near 60°/〈110〉. This appears to explain the strong peak observed in the grain boundary misorientation distribution near 60°. Bainite also contained pronounced fraction of boundaries with their misorientation in the range of 2.5°-8° with quite widely dispersed rotation angles. Spatially these boundaries were found to locate inside the bainite laths, forming lath-like sub-grains.

关键词： Bainite Austenite Nishiyama-Wassermann orientation relationship Electron backscatter diffraction OEBSD) Crystallography Packet

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Short-time Oxidation of Alloy 690 in High-temperature and High-pressure Steam and Water

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第6期28卷 562-568页

作者： F.Huang j.Q.Wang E.H.Han W.Ke State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

The oxidation behavior of alloy 690 exposed to high-temperature and high-pressure steam and water at 280℃ for 1 h was investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, atomic force microscopy （AFM） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. In high-temperature and high-pressure steam, the oxide film is composed of an outermost Ni-rich hydroxides layer, an intermediate layer of hydroxides and oxides enriched in Cr, an inner oxide layer. The film formed in high-temperature water is similar to that in steam, except for missing the Ni-rich hydroxides layer. Samples with different surface finishes （electropolished, mechanically polished, ground, and as-received） were prepared for comparison. A general increase of the oxide thickness with the degree of surface roughness is observed. The equivalent oxide thicknesses lie in the range of 100-200 nm for the as-received samples, 150-250 nm for the samples ground to 400# and 10-20 nm for the samples ground to 1500#, mechanically polished, and electropolished.

关键词： Alloy 690 Oxidation High-temperature water Surface finish X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)

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Hyponatraemia and cirrhosis

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第1期2卷 21-26页

作者： Robert j.Gianotti Andres Cardenas Department of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBoston MA GI Unit Institut Clinic de Malalties Digestives i MetaboliquesHospital ClinicUniversity of Barcelona

Hyponatraemia is a common complication of advanced cirrhosis related to an impairment in the renal capacity for eliminating solute-free water,causing a retention of water that is disproportionate to the retention of sodium,thus leading to a reduction in serum sodium concentration and *** main pathogenic factor responsible for hyponatraemia is a non-osmotic hypersecretion of arginine vasopressin(AVP)or antidiuretic hormone from the neurohypophysis,related to circulatory *** in cirrhosis is associated with increased morbidity and *** is also associated with increased morbidity and impaired short-term survival after *** current standard of care based on restricting fluids to 1-1.5 L/day is rarely *** approaches,such as albumin infusion and the use of vaptans—which act by specifically antagonizing the effects of AVP on the V2 receptors located in the kidney tubules—have been evaluated for their role in the management of *** short-term treatment with vaptans is associated with a marked increase in renal solute-free water excretion and improvement of hyponatraemia;however their use in patients with end-stage liver disease is limited by hepatotoxic effects of some of these *** administration of vaptans seems to be effective in maintaining the improvement of serum sodium concentration,but the available information is still limited.

关键词： hyponatraemia cirrhosis end-stage liver disease vaptans

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STUDY OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF USING AN AIR MASS TRANSFORMATION MODEL IN TAIYUAN

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 1991年第5期5卷 628-637页

作者： j.Reiff 李韬光高康 Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute De BiltNetherlands Shanxi Meteorological Bureau Taiyuan

An AMT-model,consisting of a trajectory model and a one-dimensional boundary layer model,is tested for trajectories arriving in Taiyuan to study the possibility of using it in *** sensitivity of the model to the different processes was *** parameters of the model were modified for the purpose of forecast- ing in specific mountainous terrain and dry climate *** of examples which we have worked out for Taiyuan circumstances for the periods of july(summer)1985 and january(winter)1986,show that the 12h runs of the AMT-model are able to reproduce(on historical data)the sounding of *** AMT-model contributes fruitfully to short-range weather forecasts(12—36h ahead)during periods of severe air pollution and when cold waves occur.

关键词： air mass transformation model model parameters atmospheric boundary layer weather forecasts

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Peroxidase-like properties of Ruthenium nanoframes

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Science Bulletin 2016年第22期61卷 1739-1745页

作者： Haihang Ye jacob Mohar Qingxiao Wang Massimo Catalano Moon j.Kim Xiaohu Xia Department of Chemistry Michigan Technological University Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Texas at Dallas

This work reports the inherent peroxidase-like properties of Ruthenium （Ru） nanoframes. After templating with Palladium （Pd） seeds, Ru nanoframes with an octa- hedral shape, average edge length of 6.2 nm, and thickness of 1.8 nm were synthesized in high purity （〉95 %） and good uniformity. Using the oxidation of 3,3t,5,5＇-tetram- ethylbenzidine （TMB） by H202 as a model catalytic reac- tion, the Ru frames were demonstrated to be approximately three times more active than natural peroxidases in cat- alyzing the formation of colored products. As compared to their natural counterparts, Ru frames have a stronger binding affinity to TMB as well as a weaker binding affinity to hydrogen peroxide during the catalysis. The Ru frames as peroxidase mimics proved to be chemically and thermally stable. This work represents the first demonstration of Ru nanostructure-based peroxidase mimics and is therefore expected to inspire future research on bio-applications of Ru nanomaterials.

关键词： Ruthenium Nanoframes Peroxidase Enzyme mimic Catalysis

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Experimental and numerical investigation of liquid-solid binary fluidized beds： Radioactive particle tracking technique and dense discrete phase model simulations

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Particuology 2017年第4期15卷 112-122页

作者： Varsha jain Lipika Kalo Deepak Kumar Harish j. Pant Rajesh K. Upadhyay Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Assam 781039 India Isotope Production and Applications Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai 400085 India

Liquid-solid binary fluidized beds are widely used in many industries. However, the flow behavior of such beds is not well understood due to the lack of accurate experimental and numerical data. In the current study, the behavior of monodisperse and binary liquid-solid fluidized beds of the same density but dif- ferent sizes is investigated using radioactive particle tracking （RPT） technique and a dense discrete phase model （DDPM）. Experiments and simulations are performed in monodisperse fluidized beds containing two different sizes of glass beads （0.6 and I mm） and a binary fluidized bed of the same particles for vari- ous bed compositions. The results show that both RPT and DDPM can predict the mixing and segregation pattern in liquid-solid binary fluidized beds. The mean velocity predictions of DDPM are in good agree- ment with the experimental findings for both monodisperse and binary fluidized beds. However, the axial root mean square velocity predictions are only reasonable for bigger particles. Particle-particle interac- tions are found to be critical for predicting the flow behavior of solids in liquid-solid binary fluidized beds.

关键词： Binary bed Liquid-solid flow Fluidized bed Radioactive particle tracking Dense discrete phase model

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