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Antecedent Precipitation Index to Estimate Soil Moisture and Correlate as a Triggering Process in the Occurrence of Landslides

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International journal of Geosciences 2024年第1期15卷 70-86页

作者： Marcio Augusto Ernesto De Moraes Walter Manoel mendes filho Rodolfo Moreda mendes Cassiano Antonio Bortolozo Daniel Metodiev Marcio Roberto Magalhães De Andrade Harideva Marturano Egas Tatiana Sussel Gonçalves mendes Luana Albertani Pampuch CEMADEN - National Centre for Monitoring and Early Warnings of Natural Disasters General Coordination of Research and Development S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil Faculty of Science and Technology Goias Federal University Aparecida de Goi&#226nia Brazil Institute of Science and Technology S&#227o Paulo State University (Unesp) S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil

Landslides are highly dangerous phenomena that occur in different parts of the world and pose significant threats to human populations. Intense rainfall events are the main triggering process for landslides in urbanized slope regions, especially those considered high-risk areas. Various other factors contribute to the process;thus, it is essential to analyze the causes of such incidents in all possible ways. Soil moisture plays a critical role in the Earth’s surface-atmosphere interaction systems;hence, measurements and their estimations are crucial for understanding all processes involved in the water balance, especially those related to landslides. Soil moisture can be estimated from in-situ measurements using different sensors and techniques, satellite remote sensing, hydrological modeling, and indicators to index moisture conditions. Antecedent soil moisture can significantly impact runoff for the same rainfall event in a watershed. The Antecedent Precipitation Index (API) or “retained rainfall,” along with the antecedent moisture condition from the Natural Resources Conservation Service, is generally applied to estimate runoff in watersheds where data is limited or unavailable. This work aims to explore API in estimating soil moisture and establish thresholds based on landslide occurrences. The estimated soil moisture will be compared and calibrated using measurements obtained through multisensor capacitance probes installed in a high-risk area located in the mountainous region of Campos do jordão municipality, São Paulo, Brazil. The API used in the calculation has been modified, where the recession coefficient depends on air temperature variability as well as the climatological mean temperature, which can be considered as losses in the water balance due to evapotranspiration. Once the API is calibrated, it will be used to extrapolate to the entire watershed and consequently estimate soil moisture. By utilizing recorded mass movements and comparing them with AP

关键词： Landslides Antecedent Precipitation Index Soil Moisture Threshold Water Balance

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Determining the effective elastic thickness through cross-correlation between isostatic disturbances

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 241-251页

作者： Nelson Ribeiro-filho Cristiano Mendel Martins Raissa Moraes Baldez Ivaldevingles Rodrigues de Souza júnior Franck Eitel Kemgang Ghomsi Instituto Federal do Pará(IFPA) AltamiraParáBrazil Universidade Federal do Pará(UFPA) BelemParáBrazil Nansen-Tutu Center for Marine Environmental Research Department of OceanographyUniversity of Cape TownSouth Africa Geodesy Research Laboratory National Institute of CartographyYaoundeCameroon

The elastic thickness parameter was estimated using the mobile correlation technique between the observed isostatic disturbance and the gravity disturbance calculated through direct gravimetric modeling. We computed the vertical flexure value of the crust for a specific elastic thickness using a given topographic dataset. The gravity disturbance due to the topography was determined after the calculation. A grid of values for the elastic thickness parameter was generated. Then, a moving correlation was performed between the observed gravity data(representing actual surface data) and the calculated data from the forward modeling. The optimum elastic thickness of the particular point corresponded to the highest correlation coefficient. The methodology was tested on synthetic data and showed that the synthetic depth closely matched the original depth, including the elastic thickness value. To validate the results, the described procedure was applied to a real dataset from the Barreirinhas Basin, situated in the northeastern region of Brazil. The results show that the obtained crustal depth is highly correlated with the depth from known models. Additionally, we noted that the elastic thickness behaves as expected, decreasing from the continent towards the ocean. Based on the results, this method has the potential to be employed as a direct estimate of crustal depth and elastic thickness for any region.

关键词： Isostasy Elastic thickness Isostatic disturbance Moho depth Cross-correlation

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EFFECT OF IMPURITIES ON THE DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF OLEIC ACID

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journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2012年第3期2卷 47-54页

作者： F.F.DE SOUSA P.T.C.FREIRE j.mendes filho A.C.OLIVEIRA E.LONGHINOTTI P.H.M.DE VASCONCELOS G.D.SARAIVA S.G.C.MOREIRA P.ALCANTARA jr. Faculdade de Cincias Exatas e Naturais Universidade Federal do Para CEP 68.507-970 Maraba-PABrazil Departamento de Fisica Universidade Federal do Ceara CEP 60.455-760Fortaleza-CEBrazil Universidade Federal do Ceara Campus do Pici-Bloco 940 Langmuir Lab.de Adsorcao e Catalise CEP 60.000-000 Fortaleza-CEBrazil Faculdade de Educacao Ciencias e Letras do Sertao Central Universidade Estadual do Ceara CEP 63.900-000 Quixada-CEBrazil Faculdade de Fisica Universidade Federal do Para CEP 66.075-110Belem-PABrazil

Temperature dependence of the dielectric constant of oleic acid with different degrees of puritywas measured in the 233-313 K *** was observed that the presence of impurities(palmiticand linolenic acids)strongly influences the dielectric constant,melting point and dipole moment of the oleic *** values of apparent dipole moment and the Kirkwood correlation parameterswere evaluated using the Kirkwood's model and were estimated to be about 1.20,1.61 and 2.27 D,respectively for 60,90 and 97 wt%oleic acid.

关键词： Oleic acid dielectric properties fatty acids Kirkwood's theory.

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Mixed iridium-nickel oxides supported on antimony-doped tin oxide as highly efficient and stable acidic oxygen evolution catalysts

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Materials Futures 2024年第1期3卷 165-180页

作者： jonathan Ruiz Esquius Alec P LaGrow Haiyan jin Zhipeng Yu Ana Araujo Rita Marques Adélio mendes Lifeng Liu Clean Energy Cluster International Iberian Nanotechnology LaboratoryAv.Mestre JoséVeigaBraga 4715-330Portugal Carbon Science and Technology Institute INCAR-CSICFrancisco Pintado Fe 26Oviedo 33011Spain Scientific Imaging Section Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate UniversityKunigami-gunOkinawa 904-0412Japan Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808People’s Republic of China Laboratory for Process Engineering EnvironmentBiotechnology and EnergyFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr Roberto FriasPorto 4200-465Portugal Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr Roberto FriasPorto 4200-465Portugal.

Proton exchange membrane(PEM)water electrolysis represents a promising technology for green hydrogen production,but its widespread deployment is greatly hindered by the indispensable usage of platinum group metal catalysts,especially iridium(Ir)based materials for the energy-demanding oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Herein,we report a new sequential precipitation approach to the synthesis of mixed Ir-nickel(Ni)oxy-hydroxide supported on antimony-doped tin oxide(ATO)nanoparticles(IrNiyO_(x)/ATO,20 wt.%(Ir+Ni),y=0,1,2,and 3),aiming to reduce the utilisation of scarce and precious Ir while maintaining its good acidic OER *** tested in strongly acidic electrolyte(0.1 M HClO_(4)),the optimised IrNi1Ox/ATO shows a mass activity of 1.0 mAµgIr^(−1) and a large turnover frequency of 123 s^(−1) at an overpotential of 350 mV,as well as a comparatively small Tafel slope of 50 mV dec^(−1),better than the IrOx/ATO control,particularly with a markedly reduced Ir loading of only 19.7µgIr cm^(−2).Importantly,IrNi1O_(x)/ATO also exhibits substantially better catalytic stability than other reference catalysts,able to continuously catalyse acidic OER at 10 mA cm^(−2) for 15 h without obvious *** in-situ synchrotron-based x-ray absorption spectroscopy confirmed that the Ir^(3+)/Ir^(4+)species are the active sites for the acidic ***,the performance of IrNi1Ox/ATO was also preliminarily evaluated in a membrane electrode assembly,which shows better activity and stability than other reference *** IrNi1Ox/ATO reported in this work is a promising alternative to commercial IrO_(2) based catalysts for PEM electrolysis.

关键词： mixed oxides oxygen evolution reaction polymer electrolyte membrane antimony doped tin oxide membrane electrode assembly

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Synthesis of coral-like structures of Pr-Yb co-doped YIG: Structural,optical, magnetic and antimicrobial properties

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 543-554,I0004页

作者： A.Fernandez Francisca P.Araujo Y.Guerra S.Castro-Lopes j.Matilla-Arias Idglan S.de Lima Edson C.Silva-filho josy A.Osajima F.Guerrero R.Pena-Garcia Federal University of Piau Graduate Program in Materials Science and EngineeringTeresinaPIBrazil Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo AgostinhoCabo de Santo AgostinhoPEBrazil Federal University of Piaui Department of PhysicTeresinaPBrazil Federal University of Pernambuco Graduate Program in Materials ScienceRecifePEBrazil University of Granma Departmentof Basic Sciences and Applied InformaticsFaculty of Technical SciencesBayamoCuba Federal University of Amazonas Department of PhysicManausAMBrazil Federal University of Pernambuco Department of PhysicRecifePEBrazil

Coral-like structures of the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)Fe_(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12),(0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.04, 0.00 ≤ y ≤ 0.02) compound were synthesized using the sol-gel method. Structural investigation certified the YIG cubic crystal structure formation, without any secondary phase. It is shown that, the relatively large ionic radius of the dopant cations results in an expansion of the lattice parameter, variations in the Iona-O-Iondangle, Iona-O,Iond-O and Ionc-O bond distances and decrease in the average crystallite size. Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) and Raman measurements are essential to testify the single-phase formation of YIG crystal structure and are observed changes in the stretching and vibrational modes, respectively. The morphological study, energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) spectra and textural properties show corallike structures, peaks associated with Pr^(3+) and Yb^(3+) atoms and the effect of dopants on surface area,diameter, and pore volume, respectively. The optical analysis from diffuse reflectance spectra witnessed an increase in the optical gap band, a decrease in Urbach energy and blue shift in the charge transfer,correlated with the expansion of the unit cell due to the dopant's insertion in the YIG structure. A typical ferrimagnetic behavior is exhibited by the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)Fe_(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12)compound. The saturation magnetization(M_(s)), cubic anisotropy constant(K_(1)) and coercive field(H_(c)) increase with the Pr^(3+)cations content, as consequence of their magnetic nature and distribution around of Fe^(3+)ions due to the coexistence with the Yb^(3+). Finally, for the first time, antibacterial tests by mean of the direct contact method were performed for YIG co-doped with Pr^(3+)and Yb^(3+)and it is shown that, relatively high dosages of Pr^(3+) cations favored the activity against S. aureus, therefore, a new biological property for YIG doped with rare earths is presented.

关键词： Yttrium iron garnet(YIG) Coral-like structures Rare earths Band gap energy Magnetic properties Antimicrobial properties

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Transarterial embolization is an acceptable bridging therapy to hepatocellular carcinoma prior to liver transplantation

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World journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 126-134页

作者： Gabriel Lazzarotto-da-Silva Leandro A Scaffaro Mauricio Farenzena Lucas Prediger Rafaela K Silva Flávia Heinz Feier Tomaz j M Grezzana-filho Pablo D Rodrigues Alexandre de Araujo Mario Reis Alvares-da-Silva Roberta C Marchiori Cleber Rosito Pinto Kruel Marcio Fernandes Chedid Department of Liver Transplant and Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-007Brazil Department of Interventional Radiology Unit Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-007Brazil Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-007Brazil

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is an aggressive malignant neoplasm that requires liver transplantation(LT).Despite patients with HCC being prioritized by most organ allocation systems worldwide,they still have to wait for long *** therapies(LRTs)are employed as bridging therapies in patients with HCC awaiting *** largely used in the past,transarterial embolization(TAE)has been replaced by transarterial chemoembolization(TACE).However,the superiority of TACE over TAE has not been consistently shown in the *** To compare the outcomes of TACE and TAE in patients with HCC awaiting *** All consecutive patients with HCC awaiting LT between 2011 and 2020 at a single center were *** patients underwent LRT with either TACE or *** patients also underwent percutaneous ethanol injection(PEI),concom-itantly or in different treatment *** choice of LRT for each HCC nodule was determined by a multidisciplinary *** primary outcome was waitlist dropout due to tumor progression,and the secondary outcome was the occurrence of adverse *** the subset of patients who underwent LT,complete pathological response and post-transplant recurrence-free survival were also *** Twelve(18.5%)patients in the TACE group(only TACE and TACE+PEI;n=65)and 3(7.9%)patients in the TAE group(only TAE and TAE+PEI;n=38)dropped out of the waitlist due to tumor progression(P log-rank test=0.29).Adverse events occurred in 8(12.3%)and 2(5.3%)patients in the TACE and TAE groups,respectively(P=0.316).Forty-eight(73.8%)of the 65 patients in the TACE group and 29(76.3%)of the 38 patients in the TAE group underwent LT(P=0.818).Among these patients,complete pathological response was detected in 7(14.6%)and 9(31%)patients in the TACE and TAE groups,respectively(P=0.145).Post-LT,HCC recurred in 9(18.8%)and 4(13.8%)patients in the TACE and TAE groups,respectively(P=0.756).Posttransplant recurrence-free survival was simila

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Transarterial embolization Transarterial chemoembolization Liver transplantation Locoregional therapy Bridging

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Zircon chemistry and new laser ablation U–Pb ages for uraniferous granitoids in SW Cameroon

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Acta Geochimica 2020年第1期39卷 43-66页

作者： V.F.Embui C.E.Suh j.M.Cottle j.Etame j.mendes C.M.Agyingi A.Vishiti E.M.Shemang B.Lehmann Department of Geology University of BueaP.O.Box 63BueaSouth West RegionCameroon Ore Treatment Laboratory Institute of Geological and Mining Research(IRGM)P.O.Box 4110YaoundeNlongkakCameroon Department of Geology Mining and Environmental ScienceUniversity of BamendaP.O.Box 39BambiliCameroon Department of Earth Sciences and Earth Research Institute Webb Hall 2028University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106-9630USA Laboratory of Geosciences Natural resources and Environment Department of Earth SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box 24157DoualaCameroon Department of Civil Engineering University Institute of TechnologyUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box 8698DoualaCameroon Departamento de Geologia IGEOUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroCidade UniversitariaRio de Janeiro 21910-949Brazil Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Botswana International University of Science and TechnologyPrivate Bag 16PalapyeBotswana Mineral Resources Technical University of ClausthalClausihal-ZellerfeldGermany

The Ekomedion two-mica granite,southwestern Cameroon,has potential for uranium and molybdenum ***,we present LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages,Lu-Hf isotope characteristics,trace element concentrations and Ti-geothermometry of zircon from this granite hosting U-Mo mineralization in pegmatitic *** majority of zircon are CL-dark though some CL-bright cores were also identified.U-Pb zircon age data range from 121±3 to743±11 Ma with only 5 of 34 ages being near *** concordant mean age of 603±12 Ma is similar to ages of granitic intrusions along the Central African Shear Zone in *** ages with mean of261±6 Ma reveal open system behavior with respect to Pb and/or *** e Hfi values range from-20.3 *** implies that U-Mo was remobilized during partial melting of the surrounding *** Th/U>0.1 as well as an increasing Hf with decreasing Th/U indicates that fractional crystallization was the main factor that controlled U-Mo mineralization in pegmatitic pods.Y and Y/Ho ratios cluster from 29 to 33 close to the chondritic ratio of 28 and indicate fractionation of Y and Ho with low F contents during the earliest stages of *** stage accumulation of F-rich magmatic-hydrothermal fluids impacted U-Mo mineralization as a *** contains a prominent negative Eu anomaly pointing to a fractionating system rich in *** Ti-in-zircon temperatures span 672℃to1232℃with the temperatures at the high end reflecting interference from mineral inclusions in the zircon grains while the lower temperature values are linked to crystallization.

关键词： Zircons Uranium-molybdenum Cameroon

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New insights into the hardening and pitting corrosion mechanisms of thermally aged duplex stainless steel at 475℃:A comparative study between 2205 and 2101 steels

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第3期98卷 123-135页

作者： R.Silva G.S.Vacchi C.L.Kugelmeier I.G.R.Santos A.A.mendes filho D.C.C.Magalhães C.R.M.Afonso V.L.Sordi C.A.D.Rovere Munir Rachid Corrosion Laboratory Department of Materials EngineeringFederal University of São CarlosRodovia Washington Luis Km 23513565-905 São CarlosSPBrazil Engineering Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center(CECS)Federal University of ABCAvenida dos Estados 500109210580 Santo AndréSPBrazil Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and EngineeringBrazil

In this study,the relationship between spinodal decomposition and the formation of Ni-rich clusters and G-phase in the ferrite on hardening and pitting corrosion of two thermally aged duplex stainless steels(DSSs)at 475℃was *** indicate that,for 2205 DSS,pitting corrosion behavior is influenced by the presence and size of G-phase precipitates for longer aging times,but this contribution is masked by the advanced stage of spinodal decomposition in the ferritic *** the other hand,for 2101 DSS,the formation of Cr-richer nitrides impairs pitting corrosion resistance more than spinodal decomposition.

关键词： Duplex stainless steel Spinodal decomposition G-phase precipitation Pitting corrosion Hardening

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Germination strategies of annual and short-lived perennial species in the Arabian Desert

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journal of Arid Land 2020年第6期12卷 1071-1082页

作者： Arvind BHATT David j GALLACHER Paulo R M SOUZA-filho Lushan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesJiujiang 332900China School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of SydneyNarrabri NSW 2390Australia Multidisciplinary Center of Barra Federal University of Western BahiaBarra 47100-000Brazil

Germination timing is highly regulated in short-lived plant species since it strongly influences recruitment success of *** deserts,the spatiotemporal distribution of plant-available water is highly episodic and unpredictable,making winter months more favorable for seed germination when other abiotic conditions *** hypothesized that changes in photoperiod and thermoperiod would impact germination more in seeds that had undergone in situ *** assessed 21 annual and short-lived perennial species in the Arabian Desert to find(1)if seeds were dormant at maturity,(2)if in situ seed storage increased germination percentage compared with no storage,(3)if photoperiod and thermoperiod germination requirements were influenced by in situ storage,and(4)if a phylogenetic association in seed germination could be *** of each species collected in early 2017 were divided into two *** was tested for germination within one week(fresh seeds).The other was stored in situ at the maternal location(stored seeds)until October 2017 and tested for seed germination in the first week of *** germination was conducted in incubators at two thermoperiods(15℃/20℃ and 20℃/30℃;12 h/12 h),and two photoperiods(12 and 0 h light per day).Results indicated that seed germination percentages of 13 species were significantly enhanced by in situ storage.A thermoperiod response was exhibited by stored,but not fresh *** exposure increased germination of fresh seeds but had only a minimal effect on stored *** traits exhibited no phylogenetic *** result indicated that selection pressure for germination strategy was stronger than that for taxonomic traits of these desert species.

关键词： desert species dormancy germination light temperature phylogeny

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The assessment of climatic, environmental, and socioeconomic aspects of the Brazilian Cerrado

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Ecological Processes 2023年第2期12卷 59-70页

作者： Washington Luiz Félix Correia filho josé Francisco de Oliveira-júnior Dimas de Barros Santiago Hazem Ghassan Abdo Hussein Almohamad Ahmed Abdullah Al Dughairi Carlos Antonio da Silva junior Postgraduate Program in Environmentrics(PPGAmb) Institute of Mathematics Statistics and Physics(IMEF) Federal University of Rio Grande(FURG) Institute of Atmospheric Sciences(ICAT) Federal University of Alagoas(UFAL) Postgraduate Program in Biosystems Engineering(PGEB) Federal Fluminense University(UFF) Postgraduate Program in Meteorology Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Atmosféricas(UACA) Federal University of Campina Grande(UFCG) Geography Department Faculty of Arts and Humanities Tartous University Geography Department Faculty of Arts and Humanities Damascus University Geography Department Faculty of Arts and Humanities Tishreen University Department of Geography College of Arabic Language and Social Studies Qassim University Departamento de Geografia State University of Mato Grosso(UNEMAT)

Background The Cerrado is the most biodiverse savanna and maintains other biomes. Aware of its significance, this paper evaluated the Brazilian Cerrado's climatic, environmental, and socioeconomic aspects using remote sensing data and spatial statistics(correlation analysis and principal components analysis—PCA). Following the measures of sample adequacy(MSA) and Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin(KMO) tests, seventeen variables were *** The MSA revealed that the dataset had a good quality(0.76), and nine variables were selected: elevation, evapotranspiration, active fires, Human Development Index(HDI), land use and land cover(LULC; shrubland and cropland/rainfed), rainfall(spring and autumn), and livestock. The correlation matrix indicated a positive(negative) association between HDI and autumn rainfall(HDI and active fires) with a value of 0.77(-0.55). The PCA results determined which three principal components(PC) were adequate for extracting spatial patterns, accounting for 68.02% of the total variance with respective values of 38.59%, 16.89%, and 12.5%. Due to economic development and agribusiness, Cerrado's northern(central, western, and southern) areas had negative(positive) score HDI values, as shown in PC1. Climatic(rainfall—spring and fall) and environmental(cropland/rainfed and shrubland) aspects dominated the PC2, with negative scores in northern and western portions due to the transition zone between Amazon and Cerrado biomes caused by rainfall variability. On the other hand, environmental aspects(LULC-shrubland and elevation) influenced the PC3; areas with high altitudes(> 500 m) received a higher *** Agricultural expansion substantially affected LULC, leading to deforestation-caused suppression of native vegetation.

关键词： Environment Agribusiness Active fire Human Development Index Land use and land cover

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