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Engineering vascularised organoid-on-a-chip: strategies, advances and future perspectives

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第1期5卷 21-32页

作者： Li Z. Yu D. Zhou C. Wang f. Lu K. Liu Y. Xu j. Xuan L. Wang X. Department of Micro/Nano Electronics School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Institute of Medical Robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch Shanghai University Shanghai China

In recent years, advances in microfabrication technology and tissue engineering have propelled the development of a novel drug screening and disease modelling platform known as organoid-on-a-chip. This platform integrates organoids and organ-on-a-chip technologies, emerging as a promising approach for in vitro modelling of human organ physiology. Organoid-on-a-chip devices leverage microfluidic systems to simulate the physiological microenvironment of specific organs, offering a more dynamic and flexible setting that can mimic a more comprehensive human biological context. However, the lack of functional vasculature has remained a significant challenge in this technology. Vascularisation is crucial for the long-term culture and in vitro modelling of organoids, holding important implications for drug development and personalised medical approaches. This review provides an overview of research progress in developing vascularised organoid-on-a-chip models, addressing methods for in vitro vascularisation and advancements in vascularised organoids. The aim is to serve as a reference for future endeavors in constructing fully functional vascularised organoid-on-a-chip platforms. © 2024, Chinese Medical Multimedia Press Co Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： drug screening microfluidic chip organoids tissue engineering vascularisation

Enabling Technologies for Autonomous Robotic Systems in Manufacturing

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2024年第4期41卷 403-431页

作者： ERDŐS Gábor ABAI Kristóf BEREGI Richárd CSEMPESZ jános CSERTEG Tamás GODÓGábor HAjÓS Mátyás HÁY Borbála HORVÁTH Dániel HORVÁTH Gergely jUNIKIÁdám KEMÉNY Zsolt KOVÁCS András NACSA jános PANITI Imre PEDONE Gianfranco TAKÁCS Emma TIPARY Bence ZAHORÁN László VÁNCZA józsef Institute for Computer Science and Control Hungarian Research Network(HUN-REN SZTAKI)BudapestHungary Department of Manufacturing Science and Technology Budapest University of Technology and Economics(BME)BudapestHungary EPIC InnoLabs Nonprofit Ltd. BudapestHungary Eötvös Loránd University(ELTE) BudapestHungary

Research of autonomous manufacturing systems is motivated both by the new technical possibilities of cyber-physical systems and by the practical needs of the *** operation in semi-structured industrial environments can now be supported by advanced sensor technologies,digital twins,artificial intelligence and novel communication *** enable real-time monitoring of production processes,situation recognition and prediction,automated and adaptive(re)planning,teamwork and performance improvement by *** paper summarizes the main requirements towards autonomous industrial robotics and suggests a generic workflow for realizing such *** case studies will be presented from recent practice at HUN-REN SZTAKI in a broad range of domains such as assembly,welding,grinding,picking and placing,and *** various solutions have in common that they use a generic digital twin concept as their *** making general recommendations for realizing autonomous robotic solutions in the industry,open issues for future research will be discussed.

关键词： industrial robotics autonomy digital twin enabling technology

Ground-state mass of ^(22)Al and test of state-of-the-art ab initio calculations

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 72-78页

作者：孙铭泽于越王新鹏王猛李健国张玉虎 K.Blaum 陈祖毅陈瑞九邓涵宇付超义葛文文黄文嘉焦红扬李红蕙李宏福罗胤芳廖挺 YuALitvinov 司敏帅鹏史金阳王茜邢元明徐星徐瑚珊许甫荣袁琪 T.Yamaguchi 颜鑫亮杨建成原有进周小红周旭张敏曾奇 CAS Key Laboratory of High Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 169117 HeidelbergGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou516007China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics Saitama UniversitySaitama 338-8570Japan School of Nuclear Science and Engineering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

The ground-state mass excess of the T_(z)=−2 drip-line nucleus ^(22)Al is measured for the first time as 18103(10)keV using the newly-developed Bρ-defined isochronous mass spectrometry method at the cooler storage ring in *** new mass excess value allowed us to determine the excitation energies of the two low-lying 1+states in ^(22)Al with significantly reduced uncertainties of 51 *** compared to the analogue states in its mirror nucleus ^(22)f,the mirror energy differences of the two 1^(+)states in the ^(22)Al-^(22)f mirror pair are determined to be−625(51)keV and−330(51)*** excitation energies and mirror energy differences are used to test the state-of-the-art ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group calculations with four sets of interactions derived from the chiral effective field *** mechanism leading to the large mirror energy differences is investigated and attributed to the occupation of theπs_(1/2) orbital.

关键词： nuclear mass Bρ-defined IMS mirror energy difference ab initio VS-IMSRG calculations chiral interactions

Metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： johan Gustafsson fariba Roshanzamir Anders Hagnestål Sagar M.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald f.Becker jonathan L.Robinson jens Nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

first-principles calculations to investigate structural,electronic,magnetic,optical and thermodynamic properties of RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=Pr,Sm)

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1385-1393,I0007页

作者： A.Ezaier R.Masrour M.Hamedoun j.Kharbach A.Rezzouk A.Hourmatallah N.Benzakour K.Bouslykhane Laboratory of Solid Physics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityBP 1796FezMorocco Equipe de Physique du Solide LaboratoiresLIPIEcole Normale SupérieureBensoudaFèsMorocco

In this paper,we analyzed the physical characteristics of the ternary alloys RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=Pr and Sm)using the first principles calculation based on functional density theory integrated in the Wien2k *** calculated formation energies of Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge are−5.3827 and−5.2782 eV/atom,respectively,showing that these alloys may exist *** results of the band structure and density of states indicate that all of the compounds tested are magnetic metals,and their magnetism is mostly related to the contribution of Pr and Sm *** total magnetic moments of Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge are 4.07245 and 11.16161μB/f.u,*** parameters such as heat capacity at constant pressure,entropy,Debye temperature,lattice volume,compressibility coefficients,and Grüneisen parameter alloys were calculated using the Gibbs algorithm and studied in depth over a large temperature range of 0-900 *** Debye temperature increases with increasing pressure and decreases with decreasing ***,the Debye temperatures calculated at p=0 GPa and T=300 K are equal to be 342 and 322 K for Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge,*** optical characteristics such as the real and imaginary portions of the dielectric function,the absorption coefficient,the energy-loss function,and the refractive index were investigated and discussed in more depth.

关键词： Magnetic metals functional density theory Density of states Magnetic moment Optical and thermodynamic properties Rare earths

Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex

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Science Bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2833-2841页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao f.Aharonian Axikegu Y.X.Bai Y.W.Bao D.Bastieri X.j.Bi Y.j.Bi W.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao W.Y.Cao Zhe Cao j.Chang j.f.Chang A.M.Chen E.S.Chen H.X.Chen Liang Chen Lin Chen Long Chen M.j.Chen M.L.Chen Q.H.Chen S.Chen S.H.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng M.Y.Cui S.W.Cui X.H.Cui Y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai H.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu X.Q.Dong K.K.Duan j.H.fan Y.Z.fan j.fang j.H.fang K.fang C.f.feng H.feng L.feng S.H.feng X.T.feng Y.feng Y.L.feng S.Gabici B.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao W.K.Gao M.M.Ge L.S.Geng G.Giacinti G.H.Gong Q.B.Gou M.H.Gu f.L.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.Han M.Hasan H.H.He H.N.He j.Y.He Y.He Y.K.Hor B.W.Hou C.Hou X.Hou H.B.Hu Q.Hu S.C.Hu D.H.Huang T.Q.Huang W.j.Huang X.T.Huang X.Y.Huang Y.Huang X.L.ji H.Y.jia K.jia K.jiang X.W.jiang Z.j.jiang M.jin M.M.kang I.Karpikov D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.Li C.M.Li Cheng Li Cong Li D.Li f.Li H.B.Li H.C.Li jian Li jie Li K.Li S.D.Li W.L.Li W.L.Li X.R.Li Xin Li Y.Z.Li Zhe Li Zhuo Li E.W.Liang Y.f.Liang S.j.Lin B.Liu C.Liu D.Liu D.B.Liu H.Liu H.D.Liu j.Liu j.L.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu W.Liu Y.Liu Y.N.Liu Q.Luo Y.Luo H.K.Lv B.Q.Ma L.L.Ma X.H.Ma j.R.Mao Z.Min W.Mitthumsiri H.j.Mu Y.C.Nan A.Neronov L.j.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei j.C.Qi M.Y.Qi B.Q.Qiao j.j.Qin A.Raza D.Ruffolo A.Sáiz M.Saeed D.Semikoz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng f.W.Shu H.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Y.Su D.X.Sun Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.B.Sun j.Takata P.H.T.Tam Q.W.Tang R.Tang Z.B.Tang W.W.Tian C.Wang C.B.Wang G.W.Wang H.G.Wang H.H.Wang j.C.Wang Kai Wang Kai Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wang P.H.Wang R.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.Y.Wang Y.Wang Y.D.Wang Y.j.Wang Z.H.Wang Z.X.Wang Zhen Wang Zheng Wang D.M.Wei j.j.Wei Y.j.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu H.R.Wu Q.W.Wu S.Wu X.f.Wu Y.S.Wu S.Q.Xi j.Xia G.M.Xiang D.X.Xiao G.Xiao Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.R.Xiong Z.Xiong D.L.Xu R.f.Xu R.X.Xu W.L.Xu L.Xue D.H.Yan j.Z.Yan T.Yan C.W.Yang C.Y.Yang f.Yang f.f.Yang L.L.Yang M.j.Yang R.Z.Yang W.X.Yang Y.H.Yao Z.G.Yao L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.H.You Z.Y.You Y.H.Yu Q.Yuan H.Yue H.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng M.Zha B.B.Zhang f.Zhang H.Zhang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANfU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place2 DublinIreland Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O.Box 103980Heidelberg 69029Germany School of Physical Science and Technology&School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 117312Russia Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy&Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311121China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Physics and Astronomy(Zhuhai)&School of Physics(Guangzhou)&Sino-french Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000&Guangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Institute of frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China APC UniversitéParis Cité

Theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex is widely acknowledged to be attributed to the interaction between the cosmic rays(CRs)accelerated by the shock of supernova remnant(SNR)W51C and the dense molecular clouds in the adjacent star-forming region,***,the maximum acceleration capability of W51C for CRs remains *** on observations conducted with the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LHAASO),we report a significant detection ofγrays emanating from the W51 complex,with energies from 2 to 200 *** LHAASO measurements,for the first time,extend theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex beyond 100 TeV and reveal a significant spectrum bending at tens of *** combining the"π^(0)-decay bump"featured data from fermi-LAT,the broadbandγ-ray spectrum of the W51 region can be well-characterized by a simple pp-collision *** observed spectral bending feature suggests an exponential cutoff at~400 TeV or a power-law break at~200 TeV in the CR proton spectrum,most likely providing the first evidence of SNRs serving as CR accelerators approaching the PeV ***,two young star clusters within W51B could also be theoretically viable to produce the most energeticγrays observed by *** findings strongly support the presence of extreme CR accelerators within the W51 complex and provide new insights into the origin of Galactic CRs.

关键词： UHE c-ray Cosmic rays SNR W51C Star clusters

由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao Chuandong Gao Cong Li Ruo-Yu Liu Ruizhi Yang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANfU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Institute of frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

We report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2 in ultra-high energy(UHE)up to a few PeV in the direction of the star-forming region Cygnus X,implying the presence super PeVatron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 PeV.A log-parabola form with the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02)+(0.11±0.02)×log10(E/10 TeV)is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble *** sources,“hot spots”correlated with very massive molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter with a sharp central brightening are observed in the *** the core of~0.5°,spatially associating with a region containing massive OB association(Cygnus OB2)and a microquasar(Cygnus X-3),as well as previously reported multi-TeV sources,an enhanced concentration of UHEγ-rays is observed with 2 photons at energies above 1 *** general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient medium.

关键词： Cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar medium Star cluster

Investigation on the influence of the initial RDX crystal size on the performance of shaped charge warheads

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第5期15卷 802-807页

作者： f.Majiet f.j.Mostert Rheinmetall Denel Munition Somerset WestSouth Africa Centre for Scientific&Industrial Research PretoriaSouth Africa

Copper lined wave shaped shaped charges of particular design and liner metallurgy were used to investigate the effect of explosive crystal size on the resultant shaped charge jet *** A3 with RDX of three different average crystal sizes,i.e.30μm,100μm and 300μm were used in the *** other parameters in the charge were kept constant and in particular,care was given to obtain consistent dimensional quality and liner microstructure,in order to prohibit the variation of other *** flash-X-ray diagnostics were used in field tests to obtain the jet parameters from multiple firings of similar *** is found that the varying crystal size of the RDX has a marginal influence in the total jet length of the ***,it is also found that there is less variation between firings in the jet parameters for jets from the charges loaded with the crystal size of 100 μm.

关键词： shaped size crystal

Implementation of a Roughness Element to Trip Transition in Large-eddy Simulation

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journal of Thermal Science 2015年第1期24卷 30-36页

作者： j.Boudet j.-f.Monier f.Gao LMfA Ecole Centrale de Lyon Université de Lyon–UMR CNRS 5509 69134 Ecully Cedex France PhD.Candidate Université de Lyon–UMR CNRS 5509 69134 Ecully Cedex France

In aerodynamics, the laminar or turbulent regime of a boundary layer has a strong influence on friction or heat transfer. In practical applications, it is sometimes necessary to trip the transition to turbulent, and a common way is by use of a roughness element （e.g. a step） on the wall. The present paper is concerned with the numerical im- plementation of such a trip in large-eddy simulations. The study is carried out on a flat-plate boundary layer con- figuration, with Reynolds number Rex=l.3x 106. first, this work brings the opportunity to introduce a practical methodology to assess convergence in large-eddy simulations. Second, concerning the trip implementation, a volume source term is proposed and is shown to yield a smoother and faster transition than a grid step. Moreover, it is easier to implement and more adaptable. finally, two subgrid-scale models are tested： the WALE model of Nic0ud and Ducros （flow Turbul. Combust., vol. 62, 1999） and the shear-improved Smagorinsky model of Ldv^que et al. （j. fluid Mech., vol. 570, 2007）. Both models allow transition, but the former appears to yield a faster transition and a better prediction of friction in the turbulent regime.

关键词： large-eddy simulation boundary layer roughness element transition tripping