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Morphology of the Digestive Apparatus in <i>Oligoryzomys nigripes</i>(Rodentia, Sigmodontinae)

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Open journal of Animal Sciences 2015年第2期5卷 132-141页

作者： jéssica Borghesi Lara c. Mario Rafael c. carvalho Marcio N. Rodrigues Phelipe O. Favaron Maria A. Miglino department of Surgery School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil

Although the Genus Oryzomys is widely distributed in the Americas, there are very few published data on the morphology of this rodent group. Notably, in relation to the digestive apparatus, the data are sparse and fragmented. In addition, because rodents are important animal models, this information may be useful in recent and promising areas for applied studies, such as clinical, therapeutic, and surgical models. Here, we describe the morphological characteristics of the digestive system in Oligoryzomys nigripes using gross morphology and light and scanning electron microscopy. In total, five specimens were used. After an incision from the oral to pelvic cavities, all organs of the digestive system were exposed and dissected. Next, all structures from the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas were processed and evaluated by microscopy. The results revealed that the digestive system of O. nigripes consisted of an oral cavity, in which the tongue, minor and major salivary glands, and dental arch were predominant. Behind the oral cavity, the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas were identified and presented typical morphological characteristics of rodents. In conclusion, our results suggest that the morphology of the O. nigripes digestive system differs from the previously described data for other rodent species, mainly due to the absence of the molar teeth and gallbladder in this species.

关键词： cricetidae Microscopy Macroscopic Rodents

Metazoan Parasites of clariid Fishes, Lake Victoria: Reflection of the Original Fauna in the Lake?

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Natural Science 2014年第9期6卷 651-658页

作者： chacha j. Mwita department of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries University of Dar Es Salaam Dar Es Salaam Tanzania

A total of 32 parasite species were documented from 658 clariid fishes examined. Thirteen species were nematodes, eleven digeneans, three cestodes, two crustaceans, and the Monogenea, Acanthocephala and Hirudinea were each represented by one species. Of the parasites recovered 16 were identified to species level, 12 to genus and 4 parasites were not identified. Most of the parasites recorded in the present study have been reported in fish ofTanzaniaand elsewhere, however, there were a few first records, and these included Neogoezia sp., comephoronema sp., Travnema sp., Quimperia sp. and Gendria tilapiae. It is stipulated that these parasites represent the original fauna of the lake prior to introduction of the alien species. The clariid fish species investigated were a good model for studying the parasites of fish in the lake because of having a variety of parasites some of which being specific to certain clariid fishes, for instance Diplostomum and Tylodelphys species infecting only c. gariepinus and the camallanids being typical of the clariid fishes.

关键词： Metazoan Parasites clariid Fishes Lake Victoria Tanzania

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龋病非创伤性充填 ART

龋病非创伤性充填 ART

A vaccination model for cOVID-19 in Gauteng,South Africa

2001年

作者： j·佛瑞肯（jo E Frenken） c·何门格（christopher j Holmgren）胡德渝等译

本书共八章，内容包括与本质龋的发展及阻止其发展的最佳方式、适合最小干预方法的粘结性修复材料、ART充填操作步骤、ART未来的发展方向等。

关键词：龋齿(学科: 牙体学科: 充填术) 龋齿牙体充填术

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 333-345页

作者： christina j.Edholm Benjamin Levy Lee Spence Folashade B.Agusto Faraimunashe chirove c.Williams chukwu David Goldsman Moatlhodi Kgosimore Innocent Maposa K.A.jane White Suzanne Lenhart department of Mathematics Scripps CollegeClaremontCAUSA Mathematics department Fitchburg State UniversityFitchburgMAUSA department of Mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of JohannesburgSouth Africa H.Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Biometry and Mathematics department Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesGaboroneBotswana Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa department of Mathematical Sciences University of BathBathUK

The cOVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to explore the impact of government mandates on movement restrictions and non-pharmaceutical interventions on a novel infection,and we investigate these strategies in early-stage outbreak *** rate of disease spread in South Africa varied over time as individuals changed behavior in response to the ongoing pandemic and to changing government *** a system of ordinary differential equations,we model the outbreak in the province of Gauteng,assuming that several parameters vary over *** data from the time period before vaccination gives the approximate dates of parameter changes,and those dates are linked to government *** parameters are then estimated from available case data and used to assess the impact of each *** forward in time,possible scenarios give projections involving the implementation of two different vaccines at varying *** results quantify the impact of different government policies and demonstrate how vaccinations can alter infection spread.

关键词： cOVID-19 Gauteng South Africa Ode epidemiology Model Vaccination Parameter estimation

Hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft supports HcV replication:A mouse model for evaluating antivirals

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第3期17卷 300-312页

作者： Sidhartha Hazari Henry j Hefler Partha K chandra Bret Poat Feyza Gunduz Tara Ooms Tong Wu Luis A Balart Srikanta Dash department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Tulane University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA 70112 United States department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tulane University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA 70112 United States department of comparative Medicine Tulane University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA 70112 United States

AIM: To develop a hepatocellular carcinoma (Hcc) xenograft model for studying hepatitis c virus (HcV) replication in a mice, and antiviral ***: We developed a stable S3-green fluorescence protein (GFP) cell line that replicated the GFP-tagged HcV sub-genomic RNA derived from a highly efficient jFH1 virus. S3-GFP replicon cell line was injected subcutaneously into γ-irradiated ScID mice. We showed that the S3-GFP replicon cell line formed human Hcc xenografts in ScID mice. cells were isolated from subcutaneous tumors and then serially passaged multiple times in ScID mice by culturing in growth medium supplemented with G-418. The mouse-adapted S3-GFP replicon cells were implanted subcutaneously and also into the liver of ScID mice via intrasplenic infusion to study the replication of HcV in the Hcc xenografts. The tumor model was validated for antiviral testing after intraperitoneal injection of interferon-α (IFN-α). RESULTS: A highly tumorigenic S3-GFP replicon cell line was developed that formed subcutaneous tumors within 2 wk and diffuse liver metastasis within 4 wk in ScID mice. Replication of HcV in the subcutaneous and liver tumors was confirmed by cell colony assay, detection of the viral RNA by ribonuclease protection assay and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. High-level replication of HcV sub-genomic RNA in the tumor could be visualized by GFP expression using fluorescence microscopy. IFN-α cleared HcV RNA replication in the subcutaneous tumors within 2 wk and 4 wk in the liver tumor model. cONcLUSION: A non-infectious mouse model allows us to study replication of HcV in subcutaneous and metastatic liver tumors. clearance of HcV by IFN-α supports use of this model to test other anti-HcV drugs.

关键词： Hepatitis c virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Tumor xenograft ScID mouse Interferon-α Antiviral agent Virus replication

饮食中叶酸、维生素B12和维生素B6与帕金森病风险的关系

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第12期 32-33页

作者： de Lau L.M.L. Koudstaal P.j. Witteman j.c.M. M.M.B.Breteler 郭俊 Dr.department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Erasmus Medical CenterPO Box 17383000 DR RotterdamNetherlands

BAcKGROUND:Increased homocysteine levels might accelerate dopaminergic cell death in Parkinson disease(PD),through neurotoxic *** dietary intakes of folate,vitamin B12,and vitamin B6(cofactors in homocysteine metabolism)might decrease the risk of PD through decreasing plasma ***,vitamin B6 might influence the risk of PD through an tioxidant effects unrelated to homocysteine metabolism and through its role in dopamine ***:In the Rotterdam Study,a prospective,population-based cohort study of people aged 55 years and older,the authors evaluated the association between dietary intake of folate,vitamin B12,and vitamin B6 and the risk of incident PD among 5,289 participants who were free of dementia and parkinsonism and underwent complete dietary assessment at *** was assessed through repeated in-person examination and continuous monitoring by computer linkage to medical *** were analyzed using cox proportional hazards regression ***:After a mean follow-up of 9.7 years,the authors identified 72 participants with incident *** dietary intake of vitamin B6 was associated with a significantly decreased risk of PD(hazard ratio per SD,0.69 [95%cI 0.50 to 0.96];for highest vs lowest tertile,0.46 [0.22 to 0.96]).Stratified analyses showed that this association was restricted to *** association was observed for dietary folate and vitamin ***:Dietary vitamin B6 may decrease the risk of Parkinson disease,probably through mechanisms unrelated to homocysteine metabolism.

关键词：叶酸蝶酰谷氨酸维生素B 帕金森病 B6 维生素饮食

Opposed elevational variation in prevalence and intensity of endoparasites and their vectors in a lizard

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current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 197-204页

作者： Lola ALVAREZ-RUIZ Rodrigo MEGIA-PALMA Senda REGUERA Santiago Rulz Francisco j. ZAMORA-cAMAcHO jordi FIGUEROLA Gregorio MORENO-RUEDA centro de Investigaciones sobre desertificacion-cSIc Ctra. Naquera Kin. 4.5 Moncada Valencia E-46113 Spain departarnento de Ecologia Evolutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC c/Jose Gutierrez Abascal Madrid E-28006 Spain Unit of Ethology and Animal Welfare Faculty of Veterinary University CEU Cardenal Herrera Alfara del Patriarca (Valencia) E-46113 Spain Servicio de control de Mosquitos DiputaciGn Provincial de Huelva Centro de InvestigaciGn Biornedica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP) Huelva Spain cIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Peblica (cIBERESP) Spain departamento de Biogeografia y carnbio Global Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2 Madrid E-28006 Spain departarnento de Ecologia de Hurnedales Estacion Biologica de Dofiana-CSIC c/Americo Vespucio s/n Sevilla E-41092 Spain departamento de Zoologia Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Granada E-18071 Spain

Studying the causes of parasite geographic distribution is relevant to understand ecological and evolutionary processes that affect host populations as well as for species conservation. Temperature is one of the most important environmental variables affecting parasite distribution, as raising temperatures positively affect development, reproduction, and rate of transmission of both endo- and ectoparasites. In this context, it is generally accepted that, in mountains, parasite abundance decreases with elevation. However, empirical evidence on this topic is limited. In the present study, we analyzed the elevational variation of hemoparasites and ectoparasites of a lizard, Psammodromus algirus, along a 2,200-m elevational gradient in Sierra Nevada （SE Spain）. As pre- dicted, ectoparasite （mites, ticks, mosquitoes, and sandflies） abundance decreased with elevation. However, hemoparasite prevalence and intensity in the lizard augmented with altitude, showing a pattern contrary to their vectors （mites）. We suggest that tolerance to hemoparasites may increase with elevation as a consequence of lizards at high altitudes taking advantage of increased body condition and food availability, and reduced oxidative stress. Moreover, lizards could have been selected for higher resistance against hemoparasites at lowlands （where higher rates of replication are expected）, thus reducing hemoparasite prevalence and load. Our findings imply that, in a scen- ario of climate warming, populations of lizards at high elevation may face increased abundance of ectoparasites, accompanied with strong negative effects.

关键词： elevation immune system parasite distribution Psammodromus algirus reptile

Early Outpatient Treatment for covid-19 with convalescent Plasma

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四川生理科学杂志 2022年第2期44卷 366-366页

作者： David j Sullivan From the department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases (K.A.G. S.S.) the Department of Pathology (E.M.B. C.E.M. A.A.R.T.) the Department of Neurology Brain Injury Outcomes Division (A.Y. K.L. N.A.M. A.L.G. N.K. D.F.H.) the Department of Ophthalmology (D.A.J.) the Welch Center for Prevention Epidemiology and Clinical Research (L.J.A.) and the Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (D.E.F.) Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and the Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology (D.J.S. A.S. A.P. S.L.K. A.C.) International Health (L.L.H. C.G.S.) and Epidemiology (B.L. D.M.S. S.E. S.N.B.) Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore the Division of Intramural Research National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Bethesda (O.L.) and Luminis Health Annapolis (B.R.M.) - all in Maryland the department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology MedStar Washington Hospital Center (A.G.S.) and the Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases Georgetown University Medical Center (S.G.K.) - both in Washington DC the Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Medicine (G.S.M.) and the Department of Pathology (T.J.G.) NorthShore University Health System Evanston IL the department of Medicine Section of Infectious Diseases Baylor College of Medicine (Y.F.) the Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center (B.P.) Houston and The Next Practices Group Austin (E.C.F.) - all in Texas the department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham (S.L.H.) the department of Emergency Medicine Rhode Island Hospital Brown University Providence RI (A.C.L.) the department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City (E.S.S.) the department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases University of Miami Miller School of Med

Background:Polyclonal convalescent plasma may be obtained from donors who have recovered from coronavirus disease 2019(covid-19).The efficacy of this plasma in preventing serious complications in outpatients with rece... 详细信息

关键词： Plasma uncertain recovered

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输尿管末端结石的US随访研究

国际医学放射学杂志 2011年第5期 491-492页

作者： T.c.Moesbergen R.j.de Ryke S.Dunbar j.E.Wells N.G.Anderson 王翠 department of Radiology Christchurch Hospital2 Riccarton AveChristchurchCanterbury 8011New Zealand

目的探讨利用超声(US)随访输尿管末端结石的准确性及其应用价值,以cT和常规泌尿系X线摄片为诊断标准。材料与方法本研究经机构伦理委员会批准,并签署病人

关键词：输尿管末端结石 US 膀胱容量