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Recovery of threatened plant species and their habitats in the biodiversity hotspot of the Southwest Australian Floristic Region

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Plant Diversity 2019年第2期41卷 59-74页

作者： Leonie Monks Sarah Barrett Brett Beecham Margaret Byrne Alanna Chant David Coates j.anne cochrane Andrew Crawford Rebecca Dillon Colin Yates Biodiversity and Conservation Science Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions Parks and Wildlife Service Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions

The Southwest Australian Floristic Region(SWAFR) is a global biodiversity hotspot with high plant diversity and endemism and a broad range of threatening processes. An outcome of this is a high proportion of rare and threatened plant species. Ongoing discovery and taxonomic description of new species, many of which are rare, increases the challenges for recovery of threatened species and prioritisation of conservation actions. Current conservation of this diverse flora is based on integrated and scientific evidence-based management. Here we present an overview of current approaches to the conservation of threatened flora in the SWAFR with a focus on active management through recovery and restoration that is integrated with targeted research. Key threats include disease, fragmentation, invasive weeds, altered fire regimes, grazing, altered hydro-ecology and climate change. We highlight the integrated approach to management of threats and recovery of species with four case studies of threatened flora recovery projects that illustrate the breadth of interventions ranging from In situ management to conservation reintroductions and restoration of threatened species habitats. Our review and case studies emphasise that despite the scale of the challenge, a scientific understanding of threats and their impacts enables effective conservation actions to arrest decline and enhance recovery of threatened species and habitats.

关键词： Threatened species Threatening processes Conservation Recovery Restoration Biodiversity hotspot

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Effect of Microalloying,Principally With Vanadium,Processing Conditions and Microstructure on Resistance to CO_2 Corrosion

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journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 183-191页

作者： Edmonds David cochrane Robert Grau Rosa Institute for Materials Research University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK Mikalor BarcelonaSpain

One driver for steel development over recent decades has been the engineering requirements of improved strength and toughness,combined with weldability,for the safe and cost effective recovery and transmission of oil and *** has been achieved through refinement of grain size by microalloy precipitation and thermomechanical ***,little attention has been paid to these significant changes in steel chemistry and processing on corrosion resistance,despite the dominance of economic carbon steel for construction in the oil and gas *** more common forms of corrosion are associated with the presence of H 2 S or CO *** 2 in aqueous solution forms a weak acid sufficient to promote significant localized corrosion in transmission gas/oil pipelines and in well-head applications (’down-hole’).Systematic study has identified the influence of a wide range of alloying elements and different processing conditions on the resistance of low-carbon steels to CO 2 corrosion;strong carbide-forming microalloying elements such as Ti,Nb and V,along with Cr additions,and different levels of Mn,Si,Cu,Mo and Ni,have been explored,along with treatments simulating different processing *** present study also emphasizes the role of V and Ti microalloying in improving the resistance of Cr-containing carbon steel to corrosion in carbonic acid and how this is influenced by microstructure and the metallurgical condition of the microalloying addition,in particular,the extent of *** is noted that some commercially available corrosion inhibitors contain V as a vanadate compound to interfere with the corrosion process and so it is suggested that V microalloying may also be beneficial if present in an appropriate form in the *** Ti also seems to play a role in corrosion in the steels studied is judged to be compatible with the thermodynamics of transition metal anions in the Ti-V-Cr group.

关键词： microalloying vanadium processing corrosion carbonic acid

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Giant Magnetoresistance and Microstructure of Melt-Spun Cu_(70)Co_(30) Ribbons

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Chinese Physics Letters 1997年第2期14卷 148-150页

作者： SONG Xiao-ping S.W.Mahon R.F.cochrane B.j.Hickey M.A.Howson School of Materials and Department of Physics University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK School of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049

This paper reports an investigation on the giant magnetoresistance and microstructure evolution in melt-spun Cu_(70)Co_(30) *** results show that the phase separation is inevitable in the course of quenching,leading to the formation of two types of fcc magnetic Co-rich particles but these do not appear to contribute to the magnetoresistance(MR).On annealing,a very fine distribution of Co-rich precipitates forms at temperatures above 573 K which are responsible for the high MR developed in this material.

关键词： alloy. Microstructure resistance

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Microstructural development and mechanical properties of drop tube atomized Al-2.85 wt%Fe

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第9期104卷 41-51页

作者： Mehmet R.Abul Robert F.cochrane Andrew M.Mullis School of Chemical&Process Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Al-2.85 wt%Fe alloy has been subjected to non-equilibrium container-less solidification using a 6.5 m drop *** samples were collected and sieved into 7 sizes fractions ranging from 850μm to 53μm,with the estimated cooling rates being 150 to 11000 K s^(-1)*** analysis was employed on all droplet size fractions for identification and evolution of the phases,showing that Al,Al_(6)Fe and Al_(13)Fe_(4)were formed for all sizes while Al_(5)Fe_(2)was observed only in droplets≤150μm in *** evaluation was conducted by using SEM and optical microscopy,showing that droplet larger than 300μm in diameter exhibited distinct morphologies;microcellular,dendriticα-Al with inter-dendritic Al_(13)Fe_(4)eutectic and an AI-Al_(6)Fe eutectic *** increasing cooling rate,the Al-Al_(6)Fe region *** analysis reveals that increasing the cooling rate increased the dissolved Fe content inα-Al from 0.37 wt%Fe to 1.105 wt%Fe,and correspondingly the eutectic fraction decreased from 49.7 vol.%to 26.7 vol.%.Measurement of the lamellar spacing allowed the eutectic growth velocity and interfacial undercooling to be calculated,wherein the Al-rich boundary of the eutectic coupled zone could be *** shows a coupled zone skewed significantly towards the intermetallic side of the *** order to understand the effect of non-equilibrium the solidification on the mechanical properties micro hardness of the droplets was *** micro-hardness has risen from 55.3 HV_(0.01)to 66.5 HV_(0.01)for≥850μm and≤75μm droplets,respectively.

关键词： Al-Fe alloys Container-less solidification Microstructure TEM Micro-hardness

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美国短篇小说精选英文第一版

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丛书名：企鹅丛书 .英文

1989年

作者：（英）科克伦（cochrane j.）

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柔性复合型导电高聚物传感器的设计

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纺织导报 2008年第8期 92-94页

作者：张奕俞建勇 Cedric cochrane 东华大学纺织学院东华大学纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室东华大学现代纺织研究院东华大学纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室 Laboratoire de Génie et Matériaux Textiles(GEMTEX)

为了解决传统传感器不能与织物很好集成的问题,设计了一种应用在滑翔伞篷布上的能够测量滑翔伞布受力的柔性复合型导电聚合物传感器,用溶剂法制备炭黑添加型聚合物基的复合材料,并经电阻率的测试实验得到最佳炭黑含量,通过实验找到织物... 详细信息

为了解决传统传感器不能与织物很好集成的问题,设计了一种应用在滑翔伞篷布上的能够测量滑翔伞布受力的柔性复合型导电聚合物传感器,用溶剂法制备炭黑添加型聚合物基的复合材料,并经电阻率的测试实验得到最佳炭黑含量,通过实验找到织物受力与传感器导电性之间的关系。

关键词：传感器复合型导电高聚物设计柔性炭黑含量测试实验导电聚合物

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Pathological observation of brain arteries and spontaneous aneurysms in hypertensive rats

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Chinese Medical journal 2003年第3期116卷 105-108页

作者：张东赵继宗孙异临王硕戴华浩 Douglas D.cochrane 李京生 Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100050 China Neurosurgery Division St. January Central Hospital Macao China Department of Neurosurgery Children's and Women's Health Center of British Columbia 4480 Oak Street Vancouver BC V6H 3V4 Canada

Objective To investigate the role of hypertension in the pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysms in *** Twenty spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and 10 Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were included in this observational study. Animals were fed with normal diet and drinking water. No experimental modifications were undertaken in either group. They were sacrificed at one year of age, the bifurcations of the circle of Willis were dissected and longitudinal serial sections were prepared for light microscopic and transmission electron microscopic *** In the SHR group, 2 of the 20 rats formed an aneurysm respectively at the bifurcations of the basilar artery. As revealed by electron microscopy, injury at the bifurcation of the artery first occurred on the steeper side of the intimal pad. Furthermore, loss of endothelial cells, small depressions on the intima, disruptive internal elastic lamina and lymphocytes or red blood cells infiltration were noted at the steeper side of the intimal pad. No significant changes were observed in WKY *** Cerebral aneurysms can form spontaneously in SHR without ligation of the common carotid artery and without a diet containing β-aminoproprionitrile. Long-standing systemic arterial hypertension is one of the etiological factors that contributes to aneurysm formation in SHR rats.

关键词： cerebral aneurysm hypertension experimental animal model

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Exercise training improves participation in persons with multiple sclerosis:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 393-402页

作者： Thomas Edwards anne Sophie Michelsen Afolasade O.Fakolade Ulrik Dalgas Lara A.Pilutti School of Human Kinetics University of OttawaOttawaON K1N6N5Canada Department of Public Health-Exercise Biology Aarhus UniversityAarhus C 8000Denmark School of Rehabilitation Therapy Queens UniversityKingstonON K7L3N6Canada Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences Brain and Mind Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1N6N5Canada

Background Although previous studies have examined the effects of exercise training on other International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF)component levels in persons with multiple sclerosis(MS),the effects of exercise training on participation remain *** objectives of this review were to:(1)characterize systematically the use of outcome measures that capture participation in exercise training studies;(2)quantify the effect of exercise training on participation in persons with *** A search of 6 electronic databases(CINAHL,SPORTDiscuss,Embase,MEDLINE,cochrane Central,and Scopus)was conducted to identify controlled and noncontrolled trials involving exercise training and participation in persons with *** strings were built from Medical Subject Headings and CINAHL *** linking rules were used to identify participation chapters and categories ***-analysis was used to quantify the effect of exercise training on participation in randomized controlled trials comparing exercise effects to no intervention/usual *** We included 49 articles involving controlled and noncontrolled exercise trials in the systematic review of outcome *** captured 16 different outcome measures that captured all 9 participation chapters and identified 89 unique participation *** these 16 outcome measures,mobility was the most commonly represented participation chapter,with 108 items.A subsample of 23 randomized controlled trials was included in the *** overall effect of 0.60(standard error=0.12,95%confidence interval:0.36-0.84,z=4.9,p<0.001)was calculated,indicating a moderate,positive effect of exercise training on *** The current review provides information that can be used to guide the selection of outcome measures that capture participation in studies of exercise training in persons with *** training has a positive effect on outcomes that capture participation,p

关键词： Exercise training ICF framework Multiple sclerosis Participation

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不锈钢——高耐用性、防火性和安全性解决方案

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建筑技艺 2011年第5期17卷 254-257页

作者： G.Waller D.j.cochrane

1不锈钢的经济性和安全性火灾是最危险的风险之一,特别是在规划工业建筑厂房时,必须密切注意防止和消除火灾的问题,包括研究现有的材料等.1.1对比性防火试验国际镍协会、国际钼协会及三家不锈钢生产商(前阿维斯塔公司、英国不锈钢公司... 详细信息

1不锈钢的经济性和安全性火灾是最危险的风险之一,特别是在规划工业建筑厂房时,必须密切注意防止和消除火灾的问题,包括研究现有的材料等.1.1对比性防火试验国际镍协会、国际钼协会及三家不锈钢生产商(前阿维斯塔公司、英国不锈钢公司和法国优金公司)资助了一个独立的防火试验项目,选择了4种在建筑结构包括海上结构中常用的材料:镀锌钢、玻璃钢、铝和奥氏体不锈钢316( UNS S31600).结果表明,不锈钢仍能保持结构完整性.

关键词：低碳钢防火性能英国支撑腿碳素钢大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国梯架镀锌钢

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轧态组织对C—Mn—Al—Nb钢正火组织特性的影响

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武钢技术 1990年第10期28卷 29-35,42页

作者： R.C.cochrane B.Mintz j.L.ward 贺桂英

本文研究了经由不同流程、不同轧制工艺生产的工业用C-Mn-A1-Nb钢在840℃～900℃正火的显微组织特性,并找出了所要求的最佳机械性能的正火温度。采用加热淬火的实验方法研究了奥氏体形态的发展。结果表明:存在于轧态钢中粗大的奥氏体形... 详细信息

本文研究了经由不同流程、不同轧制工艺生产的工业用C-Mn-A1-Nb钢在840℃～900℃正火的显微组织特性,并找出了所要求的最佳机械性能的正火温度。采用加热淬火的实验方法研究了奥氏体形态的发展。结果表明:存在于轧态钢中粗大的奥氏体形态在正火的奥氏体中被保留下来。用膨胀仪和电子显微镜研究了接近Ac_3温度正火冷却时的转变行为和晶粒细化的铁素体——珠光体组织的演变过程。依照显微组织特点,比如铁素体晶粒大小、珠光体的分布及体积百分数,解释了机械性能的变化,发现正火前后铁素体晶粒尺寸之间的明显关系。观察显微组织可知,奥氏体的转变模式(决定于轧态的铁素体——珠光体组织)对这些钢有一定程度的影响,在低温正火时尤其明显。观察低温正火的奥氏体晶界的侵蚀特征,可以认为,这种影响可能是杂质在奥氏体和铁素体界面偏析的结果,不论是在轧后冷却过程中或是正火加热过程中都是如此。

关键词：轧态组织正火组织 cMnAlNb钢

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