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in situ digital testing method for quality assessment of soft soil improvement with polyurethane

journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1732-1748页

作者： x.F.Wang c.j.Wang W.V.Yue Z.j.Zhang Z.Q.Yue Department of civil Engineering China University of Geosciences (Beijing)BeijingChina Department of Water Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of civil Engineering The University of Hong KongChina

This study purposes an in situ testing method on quality assessment of soil *** drilling data includes the spatial distribution and in situ strength of untreated and treated soil along three different drillholes measured by on-site drilling monitoring *** factual drilling data can characterize the degree of soil improvement by penetration injection with permeable *** from on-site drilling monitoring shows that the linear zones represent constant drilling speeds shown in the plot of drill bit advancement *** drilling time,which indicates the spatial distributions of soil *** soil profile at the study site is composed of four layers,which includes fill,untreated silty clay,treated silty clay,and mucky *** results of soil profile are verified by the parallel site *** constant drilling speeds profile the coring-resistant strength of drilled *** comparing with the untreated silty clay,the constant drilling speeds of the treated silty clay have been decreased by 13.0-62.8%.Two drilling-speed-based indices of 61.2%and 65.6%are proposed to assess the decreased average drilling speed and the increased in situ strength of treated silty *** tests,*** compressive strength(UcS)test,have been performed with core sample to investigate and characterize in situ strength by comparing that with drilling *** show that the average predicted strengths of treated silty clay are 2.4-6.9 times higher than the average measured strength of untreated silty *** UcS-based indices of 374.5%and 344.2%verified the quality assessment(QA)results by this new in situ *** method provides a cost-effective tool for quality assessment of soil improvement by utilizing the digital drilling data.

关键词： Drilling process monitoring system Hydraulic rotary drilling process constant drilling speed Soil improvement Quality assessment

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Leptin Modulates the Differentiation of Keratinocytes via Autophagy in Psoriasis Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

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international journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 121-130页

作者： Song c.-H. Wang R. Zhao Z.-K. Zhang Y. Sun j. Zhang x. Ding x.-Y. Bai j. Liang x.-Q. Wei x.-j. Liu x.-L. Yang T. Liang x.-L. Li c.-x. Lin B.-W. Department of Dermatology PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Department of clinical Laboratory PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Department of Dermatology Southern Medical University Guangdong Guangzhou 510515 China

Objective: Psoriasis is associated with a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), and patients with concomitant psoriasis and MS are more severely affected and less responsive to treatment. However, the molecular mechanisms behind these effects are unknown. Recent studies have shown that leptin may serve as a molecular link between psoriasis and MS, suggesting that high leptin concentrations may exacerbate psoriasis. However, the molecular mechanism of this effect is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of leptin on autophagy in patients with psoriasis. Methods: From january 2021 to june 2022 in PLA General Hospital, we enrolled 51 patients with psoriasis, including 21 patients with MS and 30 without MS, and 30 healthy controls who had undergone nevus surgery. We measured the epidermal leptin, P62, and Lc3B concentrations of patients by immunohistochemistry, and measured the serum leptin concentration by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We then performed correlation analyses to compare these proteins' concentrations between patients with concomitant psoriasis and MS, patients with psoriasis alone, and healthy control groups. Additionally, we performed western blotting after in vitro culture of HacaT cells with different concentrations of leptin and measured the expression levels of the autophagy markers Beclin1, Lc3B, and P62; the differentiation markers K10, K16, and K17; and Pi3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins of Hacat cells. Next, we transfected ATG5 into HacaT cells to revert autophagy and used the specific Pi3K inhibitor LY294002 to block Pi3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. The expression levels of K10, K16, and K17 of Hacat cells were again measured. One-way analysis of variance was used for the comparison of means of multiple samples, and LSD-t post hoc test was used for comparison between the 2 groups. The counting data were analyzed by the chi-square test. correlations were evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The serum l

关键词： autophagy keratinocyte differentiation leptin metabolic syndrome Pi3K/AKT/mTOR psoriasis signal pathway

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Meticulously engineered three-dimensional-printed scaffold with microarchitecture and controlled peptide release for enhanced bone regeneration

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第1期5卷 69-83页

作者： Yang j. Fatima K. Zhou x. He c. Shanghai Engineering Research center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China

The repair of large load-bearing bone defects requires superior mechanical strength, a feat that a single hydrogel scaffold cannot achieve. The objective is to seamlessly integrate optimal microarchitecture, mechanical robustness, vascularisation, and osteoinductive biological responses to effectively address these critical load-bearing bone defects. To confront this challenge, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology was employed to prepare a polycaprolactone (PcL)-based integrated scaffold. Within the voids of 3D printed PcL scaffold, a methacrylate gelatin (GelMA)/methacrylated silk fibroin (SFMA) composite hydrogel incorporated with parathyroid hormone (PTH) peptide-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (PTH@MSNs) was embedded, evolving into a porous PTH@MSNs/GelMA/SFMA/PcL (PM@GS/PcL) scaffold. The feasibility of fabricating this functional scaffold with a customised hierarchical structure was confirmed through meticulous chemical and physical characterisation. compression testing unveiled an impressive modulus of 17.81 ± 0.83 MPa for the composite scaffold. Additionally, in vitro angiogenesis potential of PM@GS/ PcL scaffold was evaluated through Transwell and tube formation assays using human umbilical vein endothelium, revealing the superior cell migration and tube network formation. The alizarin red and alkaline phosphatase staining assays using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells clearly illustrated robust osteogenic differentiation properties within this scaffold. Furthermore, the bone repair potential of the scaffold was investigated on a rat femoral defect model using micro-computed tomography and histological examination, demonstrating enhanced osteogenic and angiogenic performance. This study presents a promising strategy for fabricating a microenvironment-matched composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering, providing a potential solution for effective bone defect repair. © 2024, chinese Medical Multimedia Press co Ltd. All rights reserve

关键词： angiogenesis bone regeneration methacrylated gelatin methacrylated silk fibroin osteogenesis PTH

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compressive property and energy absorption characteristic of interconnected porous Mg-Zn-Y alloys with adjusting Y addition

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 171-185页

作者： j.A.Liu S.j.Liu B.Wang W.B.Sun x.j.Liu Z.W.Han college of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education)Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022PR China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022PR China Weihai institute for Bionics-jilin University Weihai 264205PR China

in this study,interconnected porous Mg-2Zn-xY alloys with different phase compositions were prepared by various Y additions(x=0.4,3,and 6 wt.%)to adjust the compressive properties and energy absorption *** characterization methods were then applied to identify the microstructure of the porous Mg-Zn-Y and describe the details of the second *** tests were performed at room temperature(RT),200℃,and 300℃to study the impact of the Y addition and testing temperature on the compressive properties of the porous *** experimental results showed that a high Y content promotes a microstructure refinement and increases the volume fraction of the second *** the Y content increases,different Mg-Zn-Y ternary phases appear:i-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(6)Y),W-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(3)Y_(2)),and LPSO phase(Mg_(12)ZnY).When the Y content ranges between 0.4%and 6%,the compressive strength increases from 6.30MPa to 9.23 MPa,and the energy absorption capacity increases from 7.33 Mj/m^(3)to 10.97 Mj/m^(3)at RT,which is mainly attributed to the phase composition and volume fraction of the second ***,the average energy absorption efficiency is independent of the Y *** addition,the compressive deformation behaviors of the porous Mg-Zn-Y are altered by the testing *** compressive strength and energy absorption capacity of the porous Mg-Zn-Y decrease due to the softening effect of the high temperature on the *** deformation behaviors at different temperatures are finally observed to reflect the failure mechanisms of the struts.

关键词： Porous magnesium Rare earth elements Microstructure compressive behavior Energy absorption characteristic

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STcF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第1期19卷 1-154页

作者： M.Achasov x.c.Ai L.P.An R.Aliberti Q.An x.Z.Bai Y.Bai O.Bakina A.Barnyakov V.Blinov V.Bobrovnikov D.Bodrov A.Bogomyagkov A.Bondar i.Boyko Z.H.Bu F.M.cai H.cai j.j.cao Q.H.cao x.cao Z.cao Q.chang K.T.chao D.Y.chen H.chen H.x.chen j.F.chen K.chen L.L.chen P.chen S.L.chen S.M.chen S.chen S.P.chen W.chen x.chen x.F.chen x.R.chen Y.chen Y.Q.chen H.Y.cheng j.cheng S.cheng T.G.cheng j.P.Dai L.Y.Dai x.c.Dai D.Dedovich A.Denig i.Denisenko j.M.Dias D.Z.Ding L.Y.Dong W.H.Dong V.Druzhinin D.S.Du Y.j.Du Z.G.Du L.M.Duan D.Epifanov Y.L.Fan S.S.Fang Z.j.Fang G.Fedotovich c.Q.Feng x.Feng Y.T.Feng j.L.Fu j.Gao Y.N.Gao P.S.Ge c.Q.Geng L.S.Geng A.Gilman L.Gong T.Gong B.Gou W.Gradl j.L.Gu A.Guevara L.c.Gui A.Q.Guo F.K.Guo j.c.Guo j.Guo Y.P.Guo Z.H.Guo A.Guskov K.L.Han L.Han M.Han x.Q.Hao j.B.He S.Q.He x.G.He Y.L.He Z.B.He Z.x.Heng B.L.Hou T.j.Hou Y.R.Hou c.Y.Hu H.M.Hu K.Hu R.j.Hu W.H.Hu x.H.Hu Y.c.Hu j.Hua G.S.Huang j.S.Huang M.Huang Q.Y.Huang W.Q.Huang x.T.Huang x.j.Huang Y.B.Huang Y.S.Huang N.Hüsken V.ivanov Q.P.ji j.j.jia S.jia Z.K.jia H.B.jiang j.jiang S.Z.jiang j.B.jiao Z.jiao H.j.jing x.L.Kang x.S.Kang B.c.Ke M.Kenzie A.Khoukaz i.Koop E.Kravchenko A.Kuzmin Y.Lei E.Levichev c.H.Li c.Li D.Y.Li F.Li G.Li G.Li H.B.Li H.Li H.N.Li H.j.Li H.L.Li j.M.Li j.Li L.Li L.Li L.Y.Li N.Li P.R.Li R.H.Li S.Li T.Li W.j.Li x.Li x.H.Li x.Q.Li x.H.Li Y.Li Y.Y.Li Z.j.Li H.Liang j.H.Liang Y.T.Liang G.R.Liao L.Z.Liao Y.Liao c.x.Lin D.x.Lin x.S.Lin B.j.Liu c.W.Liu D.Liu F.Liu G.M.Liu H.B.Liu j.Liu j.j.Liu j.B.Liu K.Liu K.Y.Liu K.Liu L.Liu Q.Liu S.B.Liu T.Liu x.Liu Y.W.Liu Y.Liu Y.L.Liu Z.Q.Liu Z.Y.Liu Z.W.Liu i.Logashenko Y.Long c.G.Lu j.x.Lu N.Lu Q.F.Lü Y.Lu Y.Lu Z.Lu P.Lukin F.j.Luo T.Luo x.F.Luo Y.H.Luo H.j.Lyu x.R.Lyu j.P.Ma P.Ma Y.Ma Y.M.Ma F.Maas S.Malde D.Matvienko Z.x.Meng R.Mitchell A.Nefediev Y.Nefedov S.L.Olsen Q.Ouyang P.Pakhlov G.Pakhlova x.Pan Y.Pan E.Passemar Y.P.Pei H.P.Peng L.Peng x.Y.Peng x.j.Peng K.Peters S.Pivovarov E.Pyata B.B.Qi Y.Q.Qi W.B.Qian Y.Qian c.F.Qiao j.j.Qin j.j.Qin L.Q.Qin x.S.Qin T.L.Qiu j.Rademacker c.F.Redmer H.Y.Sang Anhui University Hefei 230039China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Budker institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk 630090Russia cAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AveCambridge CB30HEUnited Kingdom central china Normal University Wuhan 430079China central South University Changsha 410083China china University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China china University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116China École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL) LausanneSwitzerland Fudan University Shanghai 200433China Goethe University Frankfurt D-60325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi Uninversity Nanning 530004China Hangzhou institute for Advanced Study UCASHangzhou 310024China Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China Hebei University Baoding 071002China Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601China Helmholtz institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University Kaifeng 475004China High Energy Physics center Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Korea Higher School of Economy 11 Pokrovsky Bulvar Moscow 109028Russia Huangshan University Huangshan 245000China Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan 442002China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201China Hunan University Changsha 410082China indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021China institute of Advanced Science Facilities Shenzhen 518107China institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan 11529China institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China jilin University Changch

The superτ-charm facility(STcF)is an electron–positron collider proposed by the chinese particle physics *** is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of 0.5×10^(35) cm^(–2)·s^(–1) or *** STcF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the presentτ-charm factory—the BEPcii,providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter(charge-parity violation),in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions,as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard *** STcF project in china is under development with an extensive R&D *** document presents the physics opportunities at the STcF,describes conceptual designs of the STcF detector system,and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics case studies.

关键词： electron–positron collider tau-charm region high luminosity STcF detector conceptual design

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Polio eradication surveillance in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： M.A.Y.Fernando N.S.Madarasinghe c.Rangana N.Weerasinghe D.c.U.D.Weligamage j.i.Abeynayake Department of Medical Microbiology and immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Medical Research institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried out from january,2019 to May,2023 by the Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospective study analyzed all stool samples received under the acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)and immunodeficient vaccine-derived poliovirus(VDPV)surveillance at Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka from january,2019 to May,*** results of the testing methodologies were extracted from the laboratory data system,i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VDPV real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(iTD/VDPV rRTPcR)and sequencing,along with the data on timing of reporting results,stool adequacy and *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 cases were received for AFP surveillance from Sri Lanka(93.61%),Maldives(1.52%),and immunodeficient VDPV(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while Sabin-like 3 virus was detected in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating VDPVs were not detected among the *** all years of the study,the non-polio AFP detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequacy rate was>80%.All results were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensuring timely reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while adhering to the surveillance ***-detection of wild polioviruses and circulating VDPV during the study period reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： Poliovirus Polio laboratory surveillance Regional reference laboratory Polio eradication

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interfacial stress engineering toward enhancement of ferroelectricity in Al doped HfO_(2)thin films

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chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 637-643页

作者： S x chen M M chen Y Liu D W cao G j chen Department of Microelectronics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Department of Physics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao joint Laboratory for intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Foshan UniversityFoshan 528225China

Ferroelectric HfO_(2)has attracted much attention owing to its superior ferroelectricity at an ultra-thin thickness and good compatibility with Si-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(cMOS)***,the crystallization of polar orthorhombic phase(o-phase)HfO_(2)is less competitive,which greatly limits the ferroelectricity of the as-obtained ferroelectric HfO_(2)thin ***,the crystallization of o-phase HfO_(2)can be thermodynamically modulated via interfacial stress *** this paper,the growth of improved ferroelectric Al doped HfO_(2)(HfO_(2):Al)thin films on(111)-oriented Si substrate has been *** analysis has suggested that nonpolar monoclinic HfO_(2):Al grown on(111)-oriented Si substrate suffered from a strong compressive strain,which promoted the crystallization of(111)-oriented o-phase HfO_(2)in the as-grown HfO_(2):Al thin *** addition,the in-plane lattice of(111)-oriented Si substrate matches well with that of(111)-oriented o-phase HfO_(2),which further thermally stabilizes the o-phase HfO_(2).Accordingly,an improved ferroelectricity with a remnant polarization(2P_(r))of 26.7c/cm^(2) has been *** results shown in this work provide a simple way toward the preparation of improved ferroelectric HfO_(2)thin films.

关键词： improved ferroelectricity interfacial stress engineering compressive strain HfO_(2)

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Serum amylase as a novel prognostic marker of organophosphorus poisoning: a retrospective study

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Emergency and critical care Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 111-116页

作者： Guo x. chen Z. Feng K. Zeng S. Zhang j. Ma Z. Yuan c. School of clinical Medicine Ningxia Medical University Ningxia Hui Yinchuan China Emergency Department General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Yinchuan China

Background: This study aims to explore the significance of serum amylase levels in patients with organophosphorus pesticide (OP) poisoning and to provide a new perspective for evaluating the severity and prognosis of OP poisoning. Methods: The clinical data of 67 patients with acute OP poisoning, who had been treated in the emergency department of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between September 2020 and August 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. Using Spearman rank correlation, serum amylase levels during admission and severity of poisoning correlated with discharge outcomes. Based on serum amylase levels, receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to predict the severity and mortality of patients who experience organophosphate poisoning. The optimal threshold serum amylase level at admission was determined based on the maximum Youden index. Results: Using Spearman rank correlation analysis, serum amylase levels at admission positively correlated with the severity of poisoning and discharge outcomes, but the degree of correlation was weak (rs: 0.344; 0.264; P ients’ serum amylase levels at admission had receiver operating characteristic area under the curve values of 0.726 and 0.735 to predict the degree of severe poisoning and death, respectively. Based on the maximum Youden index, the optimal threshold of serum amylase were 97.8 and 194.1 U/L when the degree of poisoning was severe and the discharge outcome of patients was died. in comparison to patients with serum amylase levels ≤194.1 U/L at admission, the OR values of death in patients with serum amylase levels >194.1 U/L at admission was 15.944 (95% ci: 1.825–139.274). conclusion: Serum amylase levels in patients with organophosphate poisoning correlate with the degree of poisoning and discharge outcomes. Higher serum amylase level was a risk factor for organophosphorus poisoning death. © Wolters Kluwer Health, inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Amylase Emergency department Organophosphorus pesticide poisoning Prognosis

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chinese Expert consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Dermatomyositis (2022)#

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international journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 163-173页

作者： cao H. chen A.-j. cui Y. Deng D.-Q. Gao x.-H. He Y.-L. Kang x.-j. jin H.-Z. Li c.-x. Li F. Li H.-j. Liao W.-j. Liu x.-M. Lu Q.-j. Lu Y. Pan M. Pan W.-H. Shu x.-M. Sun Q. Tang K.-Y. Tao j. Wang Y. xiao T. Zhang F.-R. Zhang H.-L. Department of Dermatology Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 China Department of Dermatology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400042 China Department of Dermatology China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029 China Department of Dermatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Yunnan Kunming 650101 China Department of Dermatology The First Hospital of China Medical University Liaoning Shenyang 110001 China Department of Dermatology Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University Beijing 100020 China Department of Dermatology and Venereology People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830001 China Department of Dermatology State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China Department of Dermatology First Medical Center PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Department of Dermatology Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital Hainan Sanya 572013 China Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital Air Force Medical University Shaanxi Xi'an 710032 China Department of Dermatology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital Guangdong Shenzhen 518052 China Hospital for Skin Diseases Institute of Dermatology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Jiangsu Nanjing 210042 China Department of Dermatology Jiangsu Province Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Nanjing 210029 China Department of Dermatology Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University Shanghai 200003 China Department of Rheumatology China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029 China Department of Dermatology Qilu Hospital of Shandong Universit

Dermatomyositis, an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, is characterized by distinctive skin manifestations, proximal muscle weakness, and multiple organ involvement and can be accompanied by malignancies. To provide a reference for dermatologists and clinicians in other relevant fields of clinical practice, experts from the Dermatology Branch of the china international Exchange and Promotion Association for Medical and Health care and the National clinical Research center for Dermatologic and immunologic Diseases developed this consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of adult dermatomyositis using chinese and international literature and expert advice. © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health. All rights reserved.

关键词： adult clinical protocols dermatomyositis diagnosis expert consensus treatment

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DeepRice: A deep learning and deep feature based classification of Rice leaf disease subtypes

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ARTiFiciAL iNTELLiGENcE iN AGRicULTURE 2024年第1期11卷 34-49页

作者： Ritharson, P. isaac Raimond, Kumudha Mary, x. Anitha Robert, jennifer Eunice Andrew, j. Karunya inst Technol & Sci Dept CSE Coimbatore Tamilnadu India Karunya inst Technol & Sci Dept Robot Engn Coimbatore India Manipal Acad Higher Educ Manipal Inst Technol Dept Mechatron Engn Manipal 576104 Karnataka India Manipal Acad Higher Educ Manipal Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Manipal 576104 Karnataka India

Rice stands as a crucial staple food globally, with its enduring sustainability hinging on the prompt detection of rice leaf diseases. Hence, efficiently detecting diseases when they have already occurred holds paramount importance for solving the cost of manual visual identification and chemical testing. in the recent past, the identification of leaf pathologies in crops predominantly relies on manual methods using specialized equipment, which proves to be time-consuming and inefficient. This study offers a remedy by harnessing Deep Learning (DL) and transfer learning techniques to accurately identify and classify rice leaf diseases. A comprehensive dataset comprising 5932 self-generated images of rice leaves was assembled along with the benchmark datasets, categorized into 9 classes irrespective of the extent of disease spread across the leaves. These classes encompass diverse states including healthy leaves, mild and severe blight, mild and severe tungro, mild and severe blast, as well as mild and severe brown spot. Following meticulous manual labelling and dataset segmentation, which was validated by horticulture experts, data augmentation strategies were implemented to amplify the number of images. The datasets were subjected to evaluation using the proposed tailored convolutional Neural Networks models. Their performance are scrutinized in conjunction with alternative transfer learning approaches like VGG16, xception, ResNet50, DenseNet121, inception ResnetV2, and inception V3. The effectiveness of the proposed custom VGG16 model was gauged by its capacity to generalize to unseen images, yielding an exceptional accuracy of 99.94%, surpassing the benchmarks set by existing state-of-the-art models. Further, the layer wise feature extraction is also visualized as the interpretable Ai. (c) 2023 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi communications co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the cc BY-Nc-ND license (http://creativeco

关键词： Rice leaf disease Deep learning cNN crop yield Agriculture Food security iDENTiFicATiON

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