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Emerging mechanisms for exercise effects on muscle wasting and anabolic resistance

Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第4期2卷 175-176页

作者： j.william deaver Nicholas P.Greene Cachexia Research Laboratory Exercise Science Research CenterDepartment of HealthHuman Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Muscle Biology Laboratory Department of Health and KinesiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA

Introduction At the 2018 Annual Meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine,presentations were given by *** ***,james ***,and james ***,at a symposium titled“Emerging Mechanisms for Exercise Effects on Muscle Wasting and Anabolic Resistance”.Inspired by the presentations at this symposium,the following reviews have been crafted to examine the current understanding of muscle diseases characterized by muscle wasting and anabolic resistance,particularly their identification,development,progression,and mitigation.

关键词： resistance mechanisms muscle

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Regulation of cellular anabolism by mTOR:or how I learned to stop worrying and love translation

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第4期2卷 195-201页

作者： j.william deaver Sara Mata López Patrick j.Ryan Peter P.Nghiem Steven E.Riechman james D.Fluckey Department of Health and Kinesiology 107 Gilchrist Building2929 Research ParkwayTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences 402 Raymond Stotzer Pkwy Building 2Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA

The process and regulation of cellular metabolism are extremely complex and accomplished through multiple signalling pathways that operate in parallel,and often experience significant overlap in upstream and downstream a signal *** this complexity,single pathway or even single protein activations are commonly used to extrapolate broad characterizations of cellular ***,multiple routes for peptide-chain translation initiation exist,some of which may be either exclusive or overlapping depending on the state and environment of the *** it may be highly impractical to account for every aspect of metabolic regulation and permutation of mRNA translation,it is important to acknowledge that investigations relating to these pathways are often incomplete and not necessarily indicative of the overall metabolic *** becomes urgent when considering the role that cellular anabolism plays in both healthy cellular functions and the aetiology of several disease's altered *** review describes recent advances in the understanding of cellular metabolic regulation,with specific focus given to the complexity of‘downstream’mRNA translation initiation through both mTOR-dependent and mTOR-independent signallings.

关键词： Anabolism Translation Protein synthesis Cap-dependent translation Cap-independent translation

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The effect of diet-induced obesity on extracellular matrix remodeling during skeletal muscle regeneration

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2021年第4期3卷 212-217页

作者： j.william deaver Eleanor R.Schrems Lemuel A.Brown Wesley A.Haynie Richard A.Perry jr. Megan E.Rosa-Caldwell Michelle A.Tedrowe Nicholas P.Greene Tyrone A.Washington Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory Exercise Science Research CenterDepartment of HealthHuman Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA Cachexia Research Laboratory Exercise Science Research CenterDepartment of HealthHuman Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA

Diet-induced obesity has previously been shown to occur with the concomitant rise in the expression of proin-flammatory cytokines and increases in collagen *** it has been known that the regenerative process of skeletal muscle is altered in obese mice following an acute muscle injury,we sought to examine differences in the expression of various markers of extracellular matrix remodeling and *** laboratory has previously reported an impaired inflammatory and protein synthetic signaling in these mice that may contribute negatively to the muscle regenerative *** expand upon this previous investigation,tissues from these animals un-derwent further analysis to determine the extent of changes to the regenerative response within the extracellular matrix,including transcriptional changes in CollagenⅠ,CollagenⅢ,and ***,we show that the expression of CollagenⅢ:Ⅰis significantly increased at 3-days post-injury in obese injured animals compared to lean injured animals(p=0.0338),and by 28-days the obese injured animals exhibit a significantly lower CollagenⅢ:Ⅰthan their lean injured counterparts(p=0.0035).We demonstrate an impaired response to an acute muscle injury in obese mice when compared with lean ***,further studies are required to elucidate translational consequences of these changes,as well as to determine any causative mechanisms that may be driving this effect.

关键词： Diet induced obesity Extracellular matrix remodeling Skeletal muscle

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