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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第2期9卷 224-236页

作者： Lino Naranjo Michael H.Glantz Sayat Temirbekov Ivan j.Ramírez Consortium for Capacity Building/INSTAAR University of Colorado Department of Anthropology Colorado State University Colorado School of Public Health Colorado State University

The aim of this pilot study conducted by the consortium for capacity building was to develop a prototype concept and methodology for the classification and visualization of the geographic impacts of El Nio on annual climates and seasonality. Our study is based on the Kppen–Geiger climate classification scheme for a set of selected countries affected by strong El Nios in Latin America. By identifying and visualizing the annual and seasonal changes in regional, national, or subnational climate regimes that generally accompany an El Nio event,this research proposes an efficient way to detect and describe climate shifts and variability across time and space. Such knowledge provides a support tool for risk analysis and can potentially enhance government efforts of climate risk management, including disaster risk reduction activities that prevent, mitigate, and improve coping responses to El Nio-related hydrometeorological *** of the conceptual approach and methodology to classifying and mapping El Nio's impacts are described and explained using the Central American and circumCaribbean region as a case study. The potential applications for disaster risk reduction as well as its limitations and future work are also discussed.

关键词： Caribbean Central America Disaster risk reduction El Nio impacts El Nio seasonality Kppen–Geiger classification

Holed Nanostructures Formed by Aluminum Droplets on a GaAs Substrate

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Nano Research 2010年第7期3卷 490-495页

作者： Alvason Zhenhua Li Zhiming M.Wang jiang Wu Gregory j.Salamo Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleArkansas 72701USA

We have studied the morphology evolution of holed nanostructures formed by aluminum droplet epitaxy on a GaAs *** outer rings with concentric inner holed rings were ***,an empirical equation to describe the size distribution of the outer rings in the holed nanostructures has been *** contour line generated by the equation provides physical insights into quantum ring formation by droplets of groupⅢmaterials onⅢ-Ⅴsubstrates.

关键词： Droplet epitaxy aluminum droplets MBE GaAs holed nanostructures

Discussion of liquid threshold pressure gradient

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Petroleum 2017年第2期3卷 232-236页

作者： Xiukun Wang james j.Sheng Texas Tech University USA Southwest Petroleum University China

Some authors believe that a minimum pressure gradient(called threshold pressure gradient(TPG))is required before a liquid starts to flow in a porous *** a tight or shale oil formation,this TPG phenomenon becomes more important,as it is more difficult for a fluid to *** this paper,experimental data on TPG published in the literature are carefully *** we found is that a very low flow velocity corresponding to a very low pressure gradient cannot be measured in the *** can only be done above some measurable flow *** these flow velocities and their corresponding pressure gradients are plotted in an XY plot and extrapolated to zero velocity,a non-zero pressure gradient corresponds to this zero *** non-zero pressure gradient is called threshold pressure gradient in the ***,in the regime of very low velocity and very low pressure gradient,the data gradually approach to the origin of the plot,demonstrating a non-linear relationship between the pressure gradient and the *** the data do not approach to a point of zero velocity and a threshold pressure ***,the concept of threshold pressure gradient is a result of data misinterpretation of available experimental *** correct interpretation is that there are two flow regimes:nonlinear flow regime(non-Darcy flow regime)when the pressure gradients are low,and linear flow regime(Darcy flow regime)when the pressure gradient is intermediate or *** nonlinear flow regime starts from the origin *** the pressure gradient is increased,the curve becomes a straight line demonstrating the linear flow *** have verified our views by first analyzing the causes of non-Darcy flow,and then systematically analyzed typical experimental data and correlations in the *** conclude that TPG does not *** also use several counter examples to support our conclusion.

关键词： Low velocity non-Darcy flow Threshold pressure gradient Shale oil reservoirs Tight oil reservoirs

Fluorescent SiC and its application to white light-emitting diodes

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journal of Semiconductors 2011年第1期32卷 24-26页

作者： Satoshi Kamiyama Motoaki Iwaya Tetsuya Takeuchi Isamu Akasaki Mikael Syvjrvi Rositza Yakimova Department of Materials Science and Engineering Meijo University Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology Linkping University

Fluorescent-SiC （f-SiC）, which contains donor and acceptor impurities with optimum concentrations, has high conversion efficiency from NUV to visible light caused by donor-acceptor-pair （DAP） recombination. This material can be used as a substrate for a near UVlight-emitting diode （LED） stack, and leads to monolithic white LED device with suitable spectral property for general lighting applications. In this paper, we describe basic technologies of the white LED, such as optical properties of f-SiC substrate, and epitaxial growth of NUV stack on the f-SiC substrate.

关键词： white LED phosphor SiC donor-acceptor-pair GaN general lighting

General aspects of the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis

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World journal of Hepatology 2011年第5期3卷 126-130页

作者： Michael j Babineaux Bhupinderjit S Anand Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Gastroenterology and He-patology Michael Debakey VA Medical CenterBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77555United States

General measures for treating patients with alcoholic hepatitis(AH) are similar irrespective of the disease *** abstinence is the cornerstone of treatment and can be achieved with appropriate social support,Alcoholics Anonymous and sometimes pharmacological *** withdrawal should be anticipated and treatment initiated to prevent this *** for complications of cirrhosis should be as for any other patient with *** patients are particularly prone to infections and *** should be identified and treated appropriately using broad spectrum antibiotics and nutritional support respectively.

关键词： Alcoholic hepatitis Alcohol abstinence Alcohol withdrawal Nutritional support Complications of cirrhosis Malnutrition Treatment

SNARE complex in axonal guidance and neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第3期13卷 386-392页

作者： Fausto Ulloa Tiziana Cotrufo Delia Ricolo Eduardo Soriano Sofia j. Araújo Department of Cell Biology Physiology and Immunology School of Biology and Institute of Neurosciences University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Madrid Spain Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC) Parc Cientific de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Department of Genetics Microbiology and Statistics School of Biology University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain Vail d 'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) Barcelona Spain

Through complex mechanisms that guide axons to the appropriate routes towards their targets, axonal growth and guidance lead to neuronal system formation. These mechanisms establish the synaptic circuitry necessary for the optimal performance of the nervous system in all organisms. Damage to these networks can be repaired by neuroregenerative processes which in turn can re-establish synapses between injured axons and postsynaptic terminals. Both axonal growth and guidance and the neuroregenerative response rely on correct axonal growth and growth cone responses to guidance cues as well as correct synapses with appropriate targets. With this in mind, parallels can be drawn between axonal regeneration and processes occurring during embryonic nervous system development. However, when studying parallels between axonal development and regeneration many questions still arise; mainly, how do axons grow and synapse with their targets and how do they repair their membranes, grow and orchestrate regenerative responses after injury. Major players in the cellular and molecular processes that lead to growth cone development and movement during embryonic development are the Soluble N-ethylamaleimide Sensitive Factor （NSF） Attachment Protein Receptor （SNARE） proteins, which have been shown to be involved in axonal growth and guidance. Their involvement in axonal growth, guidance and neuroregeneration is of foremost importance, due to their roles in vesicle and membrane trafficking events. Here, we review the recent literature on the involvement of SNARE proteins in axonal growth and guidance during embryonic development and neuroregeneration.

关键词： SNARE vesicle associated membrane protein synaptosomal associated protein axon guidance neuroregeneration nervous system cell membrane

Research into stope roof control of compound roof by solid backfilling mining

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2016年第4期26卷 609-614页

作者： Gao Rui Zhang jixiong Spearing A.j.S. Li Meng An Baifu Hao Deyong School of Mines China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhott 221116 China Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining Ministry of Education of China China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 China Western Australian School of Mines Curtin University Kalgoorlie 6433 Australia School of Mining and Safety Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201 China

Based on the analysis of the failure characteristics and backfilling effect of the compound roof at 1801 backfilling workface in Taiyuan coal mine, China, we propose a method of controlling the pre- subsidence of a compound roof by using pre-stressed bolts to improve the backfilling ratio of the work- face so as to maintain the global stability of the stope roof. In addition, PHASE simulation software was employed to analyze the influence law of pre-stressing force, length, and interval on roof subsidence at the workface. On the basis of the numerical simulation results, a model for calculating the pre-stressing force and length of the bolts, the interval between the bolts, as well as roof subsidence at the workface, was established by using SPSS regression analysis software. Moreover, the research results were applied successfully to the 1801 filling workface. According to the monitoring data of roof closure, it was found that the final subsidence value for the goal roof was 350 mm and the filling ratio at the workface was 86%, which could fully meet the demand for safety production at the workface. The safe and effective control of the stope roof was therefore realized, which achieves the goal of safe and efficient backfilling mining under a compound roof.

关键词： Compound roof Backfilling mining Stope Control

Ferromagnetic Resonance in Gd/Co Multilayer

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Chinese Physics Letters 2001年第7期18卷 973-975页

作者： A.V.Svalov j.M.Barandiarán V.O.Vas’kovskiy G.V.Kurlyandskaya L.Lezama N.G.Bebenin j.Gutiérrez D.Schmool Ural State University Lenin Ave.51620083 EkaterinburgRussia Universidad del PaIs Vasco UPV-EHU Facultad de Ciencias Apdo.64448080 BilbaoSpain Institute of Metal Physics Ural Division of RASKovalevskaya str.18GSP-170620219 EkaterinburgRussia Laboratory de Magnetisme et d’Optique ptique CNRSUniversitéde Versailles-Saint Quentin-CNRSBatiment Fermat45 Avenue des Etats-Unis78035 Versalles CedexFrance

Magnetometric and ferromagnetic resonance(MFR)measurements have been performed on the polycrystalline multilayered structure,[Gd(7.5 nm)/Co(3 nm)]*** temperature dependence of magnetization of the sample suggests a compensation temperature Tcomp in the region of 240 K,implying that the Co and Gd layers are antiferromagnetically *** FMR curves are strongly temperature dependent,particularly in the vicinity of Tcomp.

关键词： magnetization ferromagnetic polycrystalline

Insight into the Structural Requirements of Protoporphyrino- gen Oxidase Inhibitors： Molecular Docking and CoMFA of Di- phenyl Ether, Isoxazole Phenyl, and Pyrazole Phenyl Ether

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Chinese journal of Chemistry 2013年第9期31卷 1153-1158页

作者： Shenggang Yang Gefei Hao Franck E Dayan Patrick j. Tranel Guangfu Yang Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan Hubei 430079 China USDA/ARS Natural Products Utilization Research Unit P.O. Box 8048 University MS 38677 USA Department of Crop Sciences University of lllinois Urbana IL 61801 USA

Protoporphyrinogen oxidase （PPO, EC 1.***.3.4） is one of the most significant targets for a large family of in- hibitors that may be used as herbicide, bactericide, fungicide, or photosensitizing activator to treat cancer through photodynamic therapy （PDT）. Molecular docking and CoMFA were combined in a multistep framework with the ultimate goal of identifying important factor contributing to the activity of PPO inhibitors. As a continuation of the previous research work on the development of new PPO inhibitors, the bioassay results indicated that good PPO in- hibitors were discovered in all of the three chemical series with ICs0 values ranging from 0.010 to 0.061 pmol·L ^-1. Using the crystal structure of tobacco mitochondrial PPO （mtPPO） as template, all the compounds were docked into the enzyme active site. The docking pose of each compound was subsequently used in a receptor-based alignment, leading to the development of a significant CoMFA model with r^2 value of 0.98 and q^2 （cross validation r^2） value of 0.63. This novel multistep framework gives insight into the and it can be extended to other classes of PPO inhibitors. In be particularly applicable in virtual screening procedures. structural characteristics for the binding of inhibitors, addition, the simplicity of the proposed approach may

关键词： protoporphyrinogen oxidase Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Comparative Mo-lecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) diphenyl ether isoxazole phenyl pyrazole phenyl ether

Scalable gas-phase processes to create nanostructured particles

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Particuology 2010年第6期8卷 572-577页

作者： j.Ruud van Ommen Caner U.Yurteri Naoko Ellis Erik M.Kelder Delft University of Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringJulianalaan 1362628 BL DelftThe Netherlands University of British Columbia Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering2360 East MallVancouverB.C.Canada V6T 1Z3

The properties of nanoparticles are often different from those of larger grains of the same solid material because of their very large specific surface area. This enables many novel applications, but properties such as agglomeration can also hinder their potential use. By creating nanostructured particles one can take optimum benefit from the desired properties while minimizing the adverse effects. We aim at developing high-precision routes for scalable production of nanostructured particles. Two gas-phase synthesis routes are explored. The first one - covering nanoparticles with a continuous layer - is carried out using atomic layer deposition in a fluidized bed. Through fluidization, the full surface area of the nanoparticles becomes available. With this process, particles can be coated with an ultra-thin film of constant and well-tunable thickness. For the second route - attaching nanoparticles to larger particles - a novel approach using electrostatic forces is demonstrated. The micron-sized particles are charged with one polarity using tribocharging. Using electrospraying, a spray of charged nanoparticles with opposite polarity is generated. Their charge prevents agglomeration, while it enhances efficient deposition at the surface of the host particle. While the proposed processes offer good potential for scale-up, further work is needed to realize large-scale processes.

关键词： Nanoparticles Nanocomposite materials Coating Films Particle coating Atomic layer deposition Core-shell particles Electrospraying Electrohydrodynamic atomization Electrostatic forces Fluidization